Relativizer is a verbal affix

Category
Simple Clauses - Predication
Notes

Languages

Language Feature Status Grammatical Notes Source Etymology Notes General Notes Phylogenetic Code
Cahuilla
Cupeño
Luiseño
Serrano
Kitanemuk
Kawaiisu
Timbisha
Western Mono
Chemehuevi
Southern Paiute
Southern Ute
Shoshone
Comanche
Idaho Shoshone
Northern Paiute
Gabrielino
Achagua no Wilson & Levinsohn 1992: 143
Resígaro yes The verbal marker changes depending on whether the subject or object of the relative clause is being relativized. Allin, 1976: 359-360
Bare n/a Relatives are marked by indefinite person prefix -a on verb Aikhenvald, 1995: 46
Piapoco no There doesn't seem to be an overt relativizer. Galindo, 2002: 341-342
Yukuna yes There are four relativizers that are attached to the verb, one for relativizing singular nouns, three for plural nouns. Shauer & Shauer, 1978, p. 23-24
Yavitero yes Mosonyi, 1987: p. 69
Wapishana yes Santos 2006
Wayuu yes The description in Mansen and Captain (2000) says that the 'definite article' (=gender agreement marker?) is suffixed to the verb in the relative clause. Mansen & Captain, 2000: p. 799
Tariana yes The negative version is ma-. This element is prefixed to every verbal element when the relative clause predicate is a serial verb construction. Aikhenvald, 2003: 460
Apurinã yes Facundes, 2000: 564
Asheninka Apurucayali yes a set of relative affixes Mihas 2010:
Maipure yes Zamponi 2003:42
Yanesha' no Duff-Tripp 1997:206
Kinikinau no info
Baure yes Relative clauses are made out of sentence nominalizations in which the nominalizer is a verbal morpheme which may be also described as a relativizer Danielsen 2007:398
Nanti yes There are three types of relative clauses. One of the three subtypes, unranked relative clauses, uses a verbal morpheme as a relativizer. Michael, 2008. p. 402
Paresi no info Rowan 1978, Rowan and Burgess 1979, Brandão 2010
Palikur no info Launey 2003
Yine no info Matteson 1965
Añun no info Patte 1989
Bora no Seifart - 2005:70-71
Makiritare yes Verb forms are nominalized with the suffix -dü and may be marked w/ person prefixes and temporal suffixes. Hall 1988: 351
Makushi no A relative pronoun or a demonstrative. Carson 1982:164-169
Eñepa yes Payne 2012:424
Pemon no This relativizer is usually used to introduced relative clause in which the subject of the main clause is co-referential with the object of the relative clause de Armellada 1999:179
Guna yes Smith texts
Naso no Quesada 2000
Ika no There is no relativizer Frank 1985:130-3
Kogi no info
Cabecar no info
Guaymí no Quesada 2008:174
Damana no It seems that there is no relativizer Williams 1993:149-54
Sikuani yes de Kondo (Vol.1,2) - 1985; Queixalós - 2000; 49-206
Macaguan no info Buenaventura - 1993
Aguaruna yes Overall 2007:253-5
Northern Emberá no It seems that there is no relativizer Mortensen 1999:127-30 Catío
Waorani no info
Ingá no info
Matses no Fleck:1019
Mapudungun no There is no relativizer Zúñiga 2006, p. 249
Páez no info
Quechua Ayacuchano yes Soto 1976:152-4
Tikuna yes Faco Soares 1990:103
Urarina no Olawsky:320
Waunana no info
Andoke no info
Puinave yes Giron 2008: p232
Central Aymara yes Huayhua Pari 2001: 303
Kakua no info Bolaños fieldnotes
Kaingang no info Silva 2011
Minica Witoto yes nominalizer Minor and Minor 1982. p.95
Hup yes Epps 2008
Nadëb/Roçado dialect no Weir 1984
Dâw no Martins 2004
Desano yes Miller 1999, p.148
Cubeo yes nominalizer is a verbal affix Morse & Maxwell 1999, p. 147
Kotiria no Stenzel 2004
Makuna no Verb used in relative clause takes on markers (not Smothermon & Smothermon 1993, p.41-42 embedded relative clauses
Koreguaje no Cook & Criswell 1993, p.41
Barasano no Jones & Jones 1991, p.149
Tanimuca yes Strom 1992, p.152
Siona no Wheeler - 1987:117-118
Tukano yes Ramirez 1997: 279-285 from examples
Yanomami no pronoun retention Ramirez 1994 from examples (there were only 3 or 4)
Ninam no particle occurring after the verb Goodwin-Gomez, p. 131-132
Sanumá no Borgman 1990: 133
Surui no info
Karitiana no There is no relativizer Everett 2006:381
Nheengatu no Cruz 2011
Paraguayan Guaraní yes ha is the mos frequent relativizert but there are some others Krivoshein and Acosta 2001:152-9
Aché no info
Kokama yes Vallejos 2010:567
Nyangumarta no 0
Jingulu no 0
Wambaya no 0
Bunuba yes 1
Walmajarri no info x
Nyulnyul no info x
Warrwa no info x
Worrorra no ms17.1.1.i 0
Garrwa no info X
Gooniyandi no info x
Warlpiri no n240, n60 0
Bardi no 0
Yugambeh
Yorta Yorta no info x
Yir Yoront
Yindjibarndi no 183-184 0
Yidiny yes 1
Yanyuwa no info x
Yandruwandha no info x
Yan-nhangu
Yalarnnga yes 58-62 1
Woiwurrung no info x
Wirangu No info x
Wemba-Wemba no info x
Warumungu No 58 0
Wangkumara no info X
Uradhi Yes 378 1
Paakantyi no info X
Pitta-Pitta yes 217 1
Pintupi no info x
Nyungar no info x
Nhanta no 0
Ngiyambaa yes 294-301 1
Ngayawang No info x
Muruwari yes? 225 1
Mpakwithi
Mayi-Yapi No 72-73 0
Martuthunira yes 244 1
Marrgany No 336 0
Kuuk Thaayorre No 533 0
Kuku Yalanji no info 181 x
Kugu-Nganhcara No 430 0
Kaurna No info x
Kalkatungu no 100-1 0
Jaru no info x
Guugu-Yimidhirr No info x
Gureng Gureng no info x
Gupapuyngu
Gumbaynggirr no 357 0
Gugu-Badhun no info x
Yuwaalaraay Yes 113 1
Dyirbal yes 99 1
Duungidjawu yes 103-104 1
Djinang No 207 0
Djabugay
Diyari yes 205 1
Dharuk
Dharawal no info x
Darkinyung no info x
Bularnu yes 80 1
Biri n/a 61 0
Bidjara-Gungabula no info x
Batyala no info x
Arabana yes 269 1
Alyawarr yes 135 1
Nyikina no 0
Yawuru
Ngarinyin
Yulparija no info x
Wathawurrung no info x
Mathi-Mathi no info x
Hunter River and Lake Macquarie no info x
Thanggati yes 69-70 1
Katthang no info x
Panyjima no 198 0
Ngarinyeri No 32 0
Kurrama yes 227-231 1
Yingkarta yes 1
Githabul yes 47 1
Gunya No 336 0
Kunjen No 56 0
WesternTorres no FO 133 0
Wakaya yes 239 1
Yindjilindji no info x
Bandjalang yes 122 1
Ngaatjatjara yes 114 1
Arrernte No 268 0
Kokatha no info 33 x
Karajarri Yes 396 1
Pitjantjatjara Yes G 154 1
Ritharrngu Yes 111 1
Warrgamay Yes 73 1
Warluwarra no 938 0
Warnman no info x
Djapu yes 136-7 1
Bilinarra no 8.1.1 0
Wiradjuri no info x
Aghu-Tharnggala Maybe 73 1
Narungga No info x
Tharrkari No 53 0
Wajarri Yes 114 1
Warungu yes 613 1
Adnyamathanha
Yagua no Payne and Payne 1990:342
Baniwa yes Ramirez 2001