| Bankalachi Toloim |
pah'-haht' bedrock mortar; po-ho-wahl' portable mortar 189 |
|
|
loan direction unknown |
|
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|
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|
|
Jane Hill |
| Big Smokey Valley Shoshone |
tusu” “metate” |
|
|
inheritance |
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|
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|
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|
|
Jane Hill |
| Cahuilla |
mala-l |
|
|
inheritance |
|
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|
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|
|
S&H 1979 |
Jane Hill |
| Central Sierra Miwok |
7ym:e- |
|
|
inheritance |
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|
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|
|
Jane Hill |
| Chemehuevi |
marA “metate”; |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
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|
|
JPH |
Jane Hill |
| Chumash Barbareno |
7alqap “mortar” |
|
|
inheritance |
|
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|
|
Beeler 1978 |
Jane Hill |
| Chumash Cruzeno |
7alqap |
|
|
inheritance |
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|
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|
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|
|
JPH |
Jane Hill |
| Chumash Ineseno |
7alqap “mortar” |
|
|
inheritance |
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A212 |
Jane Hill |
| Chumash Obispeno |
kichiksmu7 “metate”; hytYyqsmu7 0424 |
|
|
unknown |
|
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|
|
|
|
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|
|
JPH |
Jane Hill |
| Chumash Ventureno |
7aLqap, 7aLqapuch, pejesh |
|
|
unknown |
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
JPH |
Jane Hill |
| Cocopa |
xpi |
|
|
inheritance |
|
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|
|
|
Jane Hill |
| Comanche |
huaawo “mortar” |
|
|
unknown |
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|
|
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|
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|
|
|
Jane Hill |
| Cupeño |
mala-l |
[məˈlal] |
|
inheritance |
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|
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|
|
Jane Hill |
| Esselen |
pamma “mortar” |
|
|
loan |
|
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|
|
Pinart/Heizer |
Jane Hill |
| Gabrielino |
tokwis “mortero” |
|
|
unknown |
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jane Hill |
| Iipay 'Aa |
'ehpii |
[Ɂəxˈpiˑ] |
|
inheritance |
|
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|
|
Jane Hill |
| Kawaiisu |
mara-ci |
|
|
inheritance |
|
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|
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|
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|
|
Jane Hill |
| Kitanemuk |
cyry7ihwa7t |
|
|
unknown |
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|
|
Jane Hill |
| Lake Miwok |
ta/mih (large), |
|
|
unique |
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|
|
Jane Hill |
| Luiseño |
mala:-l |
|
|
inheritance |
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|
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|
|
Jane Hill |
| Maidu |
jo/kkym 7o/ “mortar” |
|
|
inheritance |
|
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|
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|
|
Jane Hill |
| Mojave |
7ahpe |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
Jane Hill |
| Mutsun |
7urkan “mortar” |
|
|
unknown |
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|
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|
|
O77:154 |
Jane Hill |
| Nisenan |
pulu “mortar”; |
|
|
loan direction unknown |
|
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|
|
Jane Hill |
| Northern Paiute |
matta 223 |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Thornes 03:223 |
Jane Hill |
| Northern Sierra Miwok |
7ym:e |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
Jane Hill |
| Plains Miwok |
7yly:we- “portable mortar” |
|
|
unknown |
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|
|
Jane Hill |
| Salinan A |
Thxo/l (A), |
|
|
unknown |
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jane Hill |
| Salinan M |
tTHoxo/L 'mortar' |
|
|
unknown |
|
|
Mason 1918:132 |
|
|
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|
|
|
Jane Hill |
| Seri (Comcaac) |
xap “metate” (archaic usage) |
|
|
unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jane Hill |
| Serrano |
pa:hu “bedrock mortar” |
|
|
loan direction unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R&E2000:420 |
Jane Hill |
| Southern Paiute |
mara-tsi- |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jane Hill |
| Southern Sierra Miwok |
lopa:7-a “small” |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jane Hill |
| Southern Ute |
marachI “mortar” |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jane Hill |
| Tübatulabal |
pahal “mortar” (bedrock) |
|
|
loan direction unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jane Hill |
| Tümpisa Shoshone |
potton |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jane Hill |
| Wappo |
lel-to/kel (see nudge, poke) |
|
|
loan direction unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jane Hill |
| Washo |
git7la/:m |
|
|
unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J115 |
Jane Hill |
| Western Mono |
paha “mortar”; |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jane Hill |
| Wintu |
mo:koheti |
|
|
loan |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jane Hill |
| Yavapai |
?hpi/ metate |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jane Hill |
| Yokuts Palewyami |
he-se/-ha: “metate, hand stone for rubbing” |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Berman 2002 |
Jane Hill |
| Yokuts Yawdanchi |
pOwac “portable mortar” |
|
|
loan into protolanguage, direction unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
K07, G64 |
Jane Hill |
| Yokuts Yowlumne |
baic |
|
|
loan into protolanguage, direction unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
K 1963 |
Jane Hill |
| Yuki |
k'o(:)l “pounding basket, mortar, mortar hopper” |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S&S 1984 |
Jane Hill |
| Yuma |
7axmo/ “mortar” H1:26 |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jane Hill |
| Dâw |
-- |
-- |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
if different word from top grinding stone |
See Language page |
Ana Paula B., Pattie Epps |
| Maihiki |
ata ja, ɨno ago |
ata xã, ɨno ago |
|
unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
if different word from top grinding stone |
See Language page |
Daniel Valle |
| Yanomami |
hii hi ka (bottom) |
hi: hi ka |
|
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
if different word from top grinding stone |
See Language page |
Kelsey Neely |
| Arabana |
[missing] |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Bardi |
[absent] |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Bunuba |
balanja 'grinding stone' |
|
|
unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Burarra |
rambala |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Dhangu |
[missing] |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Dhuwal |
[missing] |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Dhuwala |
[missing] |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Diyari |
murdawola |
|
|
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| DiyariREU |
[missing] |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Djambarrpuyngu |
[missing] |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Djapu |
[missing] |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Djinang |
nguyarr |
|
|
unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Gajirrabeng |
barlawarn |
|
|
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Gooniyandi |
?goorra 'grindstone' |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Gupapuyngu |
[missing] |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Gurindji |
jikurnu |
|
|
loan |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Jabirr-Jabirr |
[absent] |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Jaru |
birli bamarr |
|
|
semantic shift |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Jawi |
[absent] |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Karajarri |
4862 |
|
|
unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Kija |
kutu-kutu-kirriny |
|
|
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Malyangapa |
[missing] |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Mangala |
pipinyanu |
|
|
unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Miriwung |
barlawarn |
|
|
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Mithaka |
[missing] |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Mudburra |
kumurru |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Mudburra |
jungari |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Ngamini |
1418 |
|
|
loan direction unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Ngandi |
X |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Ngarluma |
majarra |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Ngumbarl |
[absent] |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Nhirrpi |
[missing] |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Nimanburru |
[absent] |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Northern Mangarla |
[missing] |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Northern Nyangumarta |
majarra |
|
|
loan |
|
|
Ngarluma |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Nyangumarta |
matyarra |
|
|
loan |
|
|
Pilbara |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Nyikina |
[absent] |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Nyulnyul |
[absent] |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Paakantyi |
[missing] |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Pirriya |
[missing] |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Pitta-Pitta |
[missing] |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Rirratjingu |
[missing] |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Ritharrngu |
817 |
|
|
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Walmajarri |
ngamanyan |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Wangkayutyuru |
layi |
|
|
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Warrwa |
[absent] |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Wubuy |
X |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Yan-nhangu |
[missing] |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Yandruwandha |
1418 |
|
|
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Yarluyandi |
[missing] |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Yawarrawarrka |
[missing] |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Yawuru |
[absent] |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Claire Bowern |
| Muisca |
hyca |
hɨka |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
if different word from top grinding stone |
See Language page |
Daniel Valle |
| Cofán |
patuvo´cho |
patɯβoʔtʃo |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS if different word from top grinding stone |
See Language page |
Daniel Valle |
| Candoshi-Shapra |
patobchi |
patomptʃi |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
if different word from top grinding stone |
See Language page |
Daniel Valle |
| Taushiro |
a´jentu´ |
aʔjɨntuʔ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
if different word from top grinding stone |
See Language page |
Daniel Valle |
| Páez |
cuet |
kuet |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
if different word from top grinding stone |
See Language page |
Daniel Valle |
| Ashuar |
káya |
kaja |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
if different word from top grinding stone |
See Language page |
Daniel Valle |
| Huambisa |
kaya |
kaja |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
if different word from top grinding stone |
See Language page |
Daniel Valle |
| Aguaruna |
káya |
kája |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
if different word from top grinding stone |
See Language page |
Daniel Valle |
| Yagua |
avichu |
awitʃu |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
if different word from top grinding stone |
See Language page |
Daniel Valle |
| Southern Pastaza Quechua |
rumi |
ɾumi |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
if different word from top grinding stone |
See Language page |
Daniel Valle |
| Ingá |
rumi |
rumi |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
if different word from top grinding stone |
See Language page |
Daniel Valle |
| Napo Lowland Quichua |
rumi |
ɾumi |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
if different word from top grinding stone |
See Language page |
Daniel Valle |
| Quechua Ayacuchano |
rumi |
ɾumi |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
if different word from top grinding stone |
See Language page |
Daniel Valle, PLE |
| Koreguaje |
catapʉ, cata, cʉna |
katapʉ, kata, kʉna |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
if different word from top grinding stone |
See Language page |
Daniel Valle |
| Karitiana |
kinapyti |
kinapɨti |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
if different word from top grinding stone |
See Language page |
Daniel Valle |
| Kokama |
itaki |
itaki |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
if different word from top grinding stone |
See Language page |
Zach Burnett, Daniel Valle |
| Central Aymara |
qala |
qala |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
if different word from top grinding stone |
See Language page |
PLE |
| Kaingang |
pè |
pɛ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
if different word from top grinding stone |
See Language page |
PLE |
| Canela |
|
hũʔkʰra |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*Jê form is *ɲĩ-kra. |
See Language page |
PLE |
| Kariña |
sepi |
sepi |
grindstone |
|
|
|
Courtz 2007:366 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Camille Unger |
