Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

drink

Semantic Field
body
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
beber, tomar
Meaning Portuguese
beber

Languages

Language Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Etymology Notes Source Created By General Notes
Bankalachi Toloim ii-l (K1907) inheritance Jane Hill
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone hipi” inheritance Jane Hill
Cahuilla -pa- inheritance S&H 1979 Jane Hill
Central Sierra Miwok 7u/sh:u- inheritance Jane Hill
Chemehuevi hivi/ inheritance Jane Hill
Chumash Barbareno 7aqmil inheritance Klar 1977:22 Jane Hill
Chumash Cruzeno 7aqmil inheritance Klar 1977:22 Jane Hill
Chumash Ineseno 7aqmil inheritance Klar 1977:22 Jane Hill
Chumash Obispeno qimi inheritance Klar 1977:82 Jane Hill
Chumash Ventureno 7aqmil inheritance Klar 1977:22 Jane Hill
Cocopa Si, Si:p (multiple) inheritance Jane Hill
Comanche hibitY inheritance Jane Hill
Cupeño pa-0 [pa] inheritance Jane Hill
Esselen etse, eshe loan direction unknown Shaul 1995:200 Jane Hill
Gabrielino pa:7a- inheritance Jane Hill
Iipay 'Aa wesii [wəˈsiˑ] inheritance Jane Hill
Kawaiisu hivi- inheritance Jane Hill
Kiliwa chhii, chhii-t c hachek inheritance Jane Hill
Kitanemuk pa7 inheritance Jane Hill
Lake Miwok 7u/SSu inheritance Jane Hill
Luiseño pa:7i- inheritance Jane Hill
Maidu mo../ inheritance Jane Hill
Mojave ithii= inheritance Jane Hill
Mutsun 7ukki-si inheritance O77:237 Jane Hill
Nisenan mo:, moo inheritance Jane Hill
Northern Paiute hipiu “drink!” inheritance Thornes 03:25 Jane Hill
Northern Sierra Miwok 7uhu inheritance Jane Hill
Plains Miwok 7us: inheritance Jane Hill
Salinan A icim (A only), unknown Jane Hill
Salinan M missing missing Jane Hill
Seri (Comcaac) quisi unknown Jane Hill
Serrano pa:7 inheritance Jane Hill
Southern Paiute ivi-S inheritance Jane Hill
Southern Sierra Miwok 7uhuH- (irreg) inheritance Jane Hill
Southern Ute ivi, ivipY inheritance Jane Hill
Tübatulabal ii7y-t inheritance Jane Hill
Tümpisa Shoshone hipi” inheritance Jane Hill
Wappo 7uk'shi7 loan into protolanguage Jane Hill
Washo i/me7 unknown J274 Jane Hill
Western Mono hibi- inheritance Jane Hill
Wintu bula inheritance Jane Hill
Yavapai thi/: inheritance Jane Hill
Yokuts Palewyami okon inheritance K1963 Jane Hill
Yokuts Yawdanchi uk-un- inheritance K07:253, G64 Jane Hill
Yokuts Yowlumne 7ugu:n, 7ugu'n ; Golla 7ukun inheritance N 1944; Blevins 2004:39 Jane Hill
Yuki mi7-, me7-, mi:- loan into protolanguage S&S1984 Jane Hill
Yuma asi/, ase/ H4:29 inheritance Jane Hill
Baniwa -íira -íiɻa inheritance See Language page Ana Paula B.
Carijona enɨrɨrɨ inheritance See Language page Melody Ann Ross, Zach Burnett, PLE
Cubeo ũcuñʉ, dabʉboyʉ ũkuɲɨ, dabɨbojɨ inheritance See Language page Kelsey Neely; Tanja Baeuerlein
Dâw âg ʔǝg inheritance See Language page Ana Paula B., Pattie Epps
Desano ihriri i ʔriri inheritance See Language page Ana Paula; Tanja Baeuerlein
Eñepa nɨkorooman nɨkorooman inheritance See Language page Melody Ann Ross
Hodï ye wayi / woi (I drink) unique See Language page Paulina Franco, Bettie Gonzalez
Waorani be unique See Language page Paulina Franco, Bettie Gonzalez, PLE
Hup ʔǝg- ʔǝg- inheritance See Language page Pattie Epps
Kakua bâb unique See Language page Katherine Bolaños
Makushi enɨrɨ (IDS) enɨrɨ (IDS) inheritance See Language page Melody Ann Ross
Nheengatu u u inheritance See Language page John Blaha, Lauren Franklin
Ninam koa koa inheritance See Language page Kelsey Neely
Nukak haha2 unique See Language page Lauren Franklin
Maihiki ucuyi (1st person singular) ũkuji inheritance See Language page Daniel Valle
Pemon eenɨ (E1980); enü (M2000) enɨ (E1980) inheritance See Language page Melody Ann Ross, Karina Baeza
Resígaro i?dú iʔdú inheritance See Language page Ana Paula B.
Sanumá koa koa inheritance See Language page Kelsey Neely
Sikuani apa (2) ápa inheritance See Language page Jonathan Quintanilla, Rebecca Khorram, PLE
Tariana díɾa díɾa inheritance See Language page Ana Paula B.
Tukano sĩ'rí (hr) sĩ'rí (hr) inheritance E Tuk See Language page Ana Paula, Amanda Novak
Kotiria ~si'di ~siʔdi inheritance E Tuk See Language page D. Jagannathan, Tanja Bauerlein
Yanomam koa koa inheritance See Language page Kelsey Neely
Yanomami ko-aɨ ko-aɨ inheritance See Language page Kelsey Neely
Yukuna i'irakaje iʔiɾakahe inheritance See Language page Ana Paula B., PLE
Yuhup ʔǝg ʔǝg inheritance See Language page Ana Paula B., Pattie Epps
Arabana puntha- inheritance Claire Bowern
Bardi -ibi- -ibi- inheritance Claire Bowern
Bunuba wulug- unknown Claire Bowern
Burarra wurlcha unknown Claire Bowern
Dhangu wurkthun unknown Claire Bowern
Dhuwal 1875 missing Claire Bowern
Dhuwala [missing] missing Claire Bowern
Diyari thapa inheritance Claire Bowern
DiyariREU tapanta inheritance Claire Bowern
Djambarrpuyngu [missing] missing Claire Bowern
Djapu 2265 missing Claire Bowern
Djinang ḏirradjigi unknown Claire Bowern
Gajirrabeng gurl inheritance Claire Bowern
Gooniyandi ngoorloog- doubtful loan Claire Bowern
Gupapuyngu 1875 missing Claire Bowern
Gurindji kukij paya- unique Claire Bowern
Jabirr-Jabirr ma-ge""den ma-kiden inheritance Claire Bowern
Jaru driyaj [sic], ngaluli unique Claire Bowern
Karajarri 4020 missing Claire Bowern
Kija ngurluk inheritance Claire Bowern
Malyangapa wechana loan direction unknown Claire Bowern
Mangala kurna Claire Bowern
Miriwung gurl inheritance Claire Bowern
Mithaka thapaji inheritance Claire Bowern
Mudburra bi-ya Claire Bowern
Mudburra bi- inheritance Claire Bowern
Ngamini tapana inheritance Claire Bowern
Ngandi (bun)-ngu unique Claire Bowern
Ngarluma pincharoo, pin jalgo Claire Bowern
Ngumbarl woola gabboo, woola kabboo woola gabboo, woola kabboo semantic shift Claire Bowern
Nhirrpi thapi inheritance Claire Bowern
Nimanburru ma-ge""den ma-kiden inheritance Claire Bowern
Northern Mangarla kurna Claire Bowern
Northern Nyangumarta minpini- (V3) inheritance Claire Bowern
Nyangumarta minypila inheritance Claire Bowern
Nyikina -ibi- (I) -ibi- (I) inheritance Claire Bowern
Nyulnyul magetan makedan inheritance Claire Bowern
Paakantyi toonjella, dungera unique Claire Bowern
Pirriya kutha:_x001E_ Claire Bowern
Pitta-Pitta thima unique Claire Bowern
Rirratjingu wurkthun Claire Bowern
Ritharrngu mungdhun inheritance Claire Bowern
Walmajarri nga- inheritance Claire Bowern
Wangkayutyuru kima- unique Claire Bowern
Warrwa gung kung inheritance Claire Bowern
Wubuy warla-ngu unique Claire Bowern
Yan-nhangu ŋurkthun unknown Claire Bowern
Yandruwandha iba inheritance Claire Bowern
Yarluyandi thapa- inheritance Claire Bowern
Yawarrawarrka tapindri inheritance Claire Bowern
Yawuru -bi- (I) -bi- (I) inheritance Claire Bowern
Achagua í:reri, íra í:reri, íra inheritance See Language page Ana Paula B., PLE
Piapoco ìraca ìɾaka See Language page Ana Paula B., PLE
Kabiyari irá iɾá See Language page Ana Paula B., PLE
Yavitero ľ̥iya ľ̥ija See Language page Ana Paula B., PLE
Bare dia dia See Language page Ana Paula B.
Wapishana tʰɨẓa-n tʰɨẓa-n inheritance Proto-Arawak See Language page Ana Paula B.
Mandawaka V́ra V́ɾa See Language page Ana Paula B.
Wayuu asa See Language page PLE
Yine hašroka See Language page PLE
Paresi tera tera inheritance See Language page Ana Paula B., PLE
Ignaciano #NAME? See Language page PLE
Trinitario -ero; eeriko See Language page PLE The latter means to drink a strong drink.
Baure er; -e'ro- er; -e'ro- inheritance See Language page Anissa Capuccino
Waurá tuuka tuuka unique See Language page Joyce McCormick
Arutani oyta, ayta oyta, ayta See Language page John Blaha
Sape pe pe See Language page John Blaha
Cha'palaa 'kuš-nu See Language page PLE Also 'kuhči-'ke-nu.
Bora ato, atḯkʰï, átïkʰḯnï ato, atɯ́kʰɯ, átɯkʰɯ́nɯ inheritance See Language page Leslie Smith, Sarah Kuntz, PLE
Muinane ádu-ʔi ádu-ʔi See Language page Leslie Smith, Sarah Kuntz, PLE
Akawaio enjii cndʒi inheritance Proto-Carib See Language page Melody Ann Ross, Lauren Franklin
Akawaio/Ingariko dialect enƷi enƷi See Language page Lauren Franklin
Apalai ẽnõko ẽnõko inheritance See Language page Rebekah L. Evans
Wayana elï elɨ inheritance See Language page PLE
Tiriyó enï(rï) enɨ(rɨ) inheritance See Language page Becky Walker
Makiritare enku (IDS) enku inheritance See Language page Melody Ann Ross, Karina Baeza
Mapoyo #NAME? #NAME? See Language page Melody Ann Ross
Wai Wai erɨ-hra erɨ-hra inheritance See Language page Melody Ann Ross
Waimiri Atroari ee ee See Language page Melody Ann Ross, PLE
Yabarana jə'nəri See Language page Ana Paula B., John Blaha
Yukpa sénak tensase See Language page Ana Paula B., Melody Ann Ross
Kalapalo ili- ili- inheritance See Language page Joyce McCormick
Muisca zebiohotysuca tʂeβiohotɨsuka See Language page Daniel Valle
Barí da; aɨkseɨba See Language page PLE Colombia: tɨɨrabaʔ; ʔaygsaynə.
Northern Emberá dhooí dhoːí See Language page Jonathan Quintanilla, PLE
Epena to- See Language page PLE Also means 'river' 01.360.
Guayabero ʔáɸ inheritance Proto-Guahiban See Language page Ana Paula B., Rebecca Khorram
Macaguan ap, apí- ap, apí- inheritance Proto-Guahiban See Language page Ana Paula B., Rebecca Khorram
Cuiva ápa beber, drink Huber & Reed 1992:274 Rebecca Khorram
Cofán cui´ye kïiʔjɛ See Language page Daniel Valle phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS
Candoshi-Shapra vámaama wámaama unique See Language page Daniel Valle
Taushiro unti´ untiʔ See Language page Daniel Valle
Páez itongui itongi See Language page Daniel Valle
Tikuna naxaxe (he drinks) [2, 5, 3] naʔaʔe unique See Language page Daniel Valle, Zach Burnett, PLE
Urarina ku ku unknown cf. Tukanoan, but more likely onomatopoeic/chance similarity See Language page Daniel Valle, PLE
Camsa xatmuána, xobɕiána xatmuána, xobɕiána See Language page Daniel Valle, Anissa Capuchino
Andoke -kó' -kóʔ unknown cf. Tukanoan, but more likely onomatopoeic/chance similarity See Language page Kelsey Neely, PLE
Pumé jará See Language page Paulina Franco, PLE
Puinave #NAME? #NAME? unique See Language page Daniel Valle, Zach Burnett
Máku mi mi See Language page PLE
Warao hobi hobi See Language page John Blaha
Ashuar amúrtin amurtin See Language page Daniel Valle
Huambisa umartasa umartasa See Language page Daniel Valle
Aguaruna úmut úmut inheritance See Language page Daniel Valle
Nadëb/Roçado dialect ʔǝːk, ʔǝŋ inheritance See Language page Ana Paula B., Pattie Epps
Nadëb/Rio Negro dialect ʔɨŋ See Language page Ana Paula B., Pattie Epps
Matses aʔ ak unknown See Language page Daniel Valle, Becky Walker
Kakataibo šɨa- See Language page PLE *Panoan *šɨʔa- with related meaning 'swallow'.
Katukina waka a-ka- See Language page PLE
Shipibo-Konibo ṣ̌ɨa-ti See Language page PLE
Yaminahua aya-kĩ See Language page PLE
Chácobo a- a- unknown See Language page Joyce McCormick
Yagua jatu xatu unique See Language page Daniel Valle
Southern Pastaza Quechua upyana upjana See Language page Daniel Valle
Ingá upiai upiai See Language page Daniel Valle
Napo Lowland Quichua upina upina See Language page Daniel Valle
Quechua Ayacuchano upuy, upyay, wenqoy, weqyay upuj, upyaj, wenqoj, weqyaj See Language page Daniel Valle, PLE
Piaroa awu awu inheritance See Language page Amanda Novak, Becky Walker
Sáliva õguajaha õgʷahaʔa inheritance See Language page Becky Walker
Bará hĩ'dĩ See Language page Kelsey Neely, Tanja Baeuerlein
Barasano idi-re idi-re See Language page D. Jagannathan, Tanja Baeuerlein
Carapana etirique ɛtiɾikɛ See Language page Amanda Novak, Tanja Baeuerlein
Makuna idi-re idi-re inheritance See Language page Amanda Novak, D. Jagannathan, Tanja Bauerlein
Yuruti sĩ́dĩ sĩ́dĩ See Language page Ana Paula; Tanja Baeuerlein
Waikhana siʔdĩ siʔdĩ See Language page Ana Paula; Tanja Baeuerlein
Siriano iirí-ri, waá iirí-ri, waá See Language page Ana Paula, Kelsey Neely
Tanimuca u'ku ri'ka u'ku ri'ka inheritance See Language page Kelsey Neely
Tatuyo éti- éti- See Language page Emily Buell, Paulina Franco
Tuyuka sĩ'dĩ sĩʔdĩ See Language page D. Jagannathan, Paulina Franco, Ana Paula B.
Waimaja hĩ́nĩ́ hĩ́nĩ́ See Language page Kelsey Neely
Koreguaje ũkumʉ ũkhumʉ inheritance See Language page Daniel Valle
Siona ʔũku-hi ʔũku-hi inheritance See Language page Kelsey Neely
Secoya ucuye ũ'kujɛ See Language page Amanda N
Karitiana hay, se´y haɨ, seʔɨ unknown See Language page Daniel Valle
Kokama curata kuɾata doubtful loan see various ku forms in region See Language page Zach Burnett, Daniel Valle
Wayampi -ʔu -ʔu inheritance See Language page PLE
Aché tɨku unique See Language page PLE
Chiriguano #NAME? inheritance See Language page PLE
Paraguayan Guaraní u; ɨ-ʔu See Language page PLE Respectively: transitive, irregular; intrans., irregular.
Sirionó mei; iu (the latter form is for specifically drinking water) mei; iu unknown; inheritance See Language page Joyce McCormick, Becky Walker
Kamayurá ɨˀu (M2000) ɨˀu (M2000) inheritance See Language page Rebekah L. Evans
Ocaina ñooxo ɲooxo unique See Language page Leslie Smith, Sarah Kuntz, PLE
Nɨpode Witoto hiró-de hiró-dɛ See Language page Leslie Smith, Sarah Kuntz
Minica Witoto hiró-de hiró-dɛ See Language page Leslie Smith, Sarah Kuntz
Murui Witoto hiro-de hiro-dɛ inheritance/Witoto See Language page Leslie Smith, Sarah Kuntz, PLE
Iquito rariini rariini inheritance See Language page Cynthia Hansen
Záparo ratunu ɾatunu See Language page Becky Walker
Wari tok, tototok tok, tototok See Language page PLE
Araona izi; laka See Language page PLE The latter also means 'swallow' 05.181. *Tacn form is *ići-.
Ese Ejja iši-ka- inheritance See Language page PLE
Ese Ejja/Huarayo iši-kwe iši-kwe See Language page Joyce McCormick
Tacana -iď̶i- See Language page PLE
Cavineña ihi-ya; ihi-išo-ke ihi-ya; ihi-išo-ke inheritance See Language page Joyce McCormick, Becky Walker
Central Aymara umaña uma-ɲa See Language page PLE
Cayuvava a-ǰoko See Language page PLE
Itonama i-yone; kasiʔna; pačˀahɨʔna See Language page PLE
Kwazá kui-, pã-, tsoihỹ- kui-, pã-, tsoihỹ- See Language page Joyce McCormick
Mosetén-Chimané tk'yei See Language page Joyce McCormick, PLE
Movima ya-lo-we ja-lo-we See Language page Anissa Capuccino, Becky Walker
Trumai sone sone unique See Language page Rebekah L. Evans, PLE
Kaingang kron oŋ; oŋʔoŋ; kron; kron-kron See Language page PLE
Suyá aĵkõ aĵkõ See Language page Rebekah Evans
Karajá -õ- See Language page PLE
Djeoromitxi nõ nõ See Language page PLE
Chipaya lik-š See Language page PLE
Mocoví ne-ʔet See Language page PLE Cf. Toba 'water' 01.310.
Pilagá ni-yom See Language page PLE Lit. '3pa-drink'.
Toba n-yom See Language page PLE
Lengua #NAME? See Language page PLE
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité apyinki; anyinki See Language page PLE
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet neŋyaam See Language page PLE
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay i'yoʔ See Language page PLE This form indicates that 'water' is what is drunk. Also i'yoyeh, refers to any liquid.
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja #NAME? See Language page PLE
Maca -iyaʔ See Language page PLE
Nivaclé -yɔʔ drink https://ids.clld.org/ PLE
Ayoreo 'oohiʔ See Language page PLE See 'marry' 02.330.
Mapudungun pɨto-ko, putu See Language page PLE ko is 'water'. The latter refers to d. alcohol. Ranquel form is pɨto-kon, 'drink water'.
Qawasqar c̷efa-lay See Language page PLE Also aktsa-wes; aktso-lay. Bo records aktso-lay; aktso-kwar for Central QWS. The North and Central forms also mean 'water' 01.310. Fi, Hy record afkela; Hy records c̷akol for South QWS.
Selknam čètˀe See Language page PLE
Tehuelche e 'leʔ-; k m'leʔ- See Language page PLE Respectively: drink, smoke; drink water.
Kanamarí 1. bih, 2. o 1. bih, 2. o 1. consumir; beber; engolir 2. beber 1. Magalhães 2018:361 2. Magalhães 2018:372 Maria Castillo
Lokono ythan ɨtʰan drink Pet 1987:356 Camille Unger
Kariña eny(ry) enɨ(rɨ) drink Yamada 2010:731 Camille Unger