| Bankalachi Toloim |
Sambucus |
wi'seta |
|
elderwood |
loan |
|
|
Yokuts |
|
|
|
|
unknown |
|
|
|
|
Gayton 1:52 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Big Smokey Valley Shoshone |
Sambucus |
kunukippeh |
|
elderberry plant |
inheritance |
*kunuki |
Numic |
|
Stubbs 180 (2008;64) |
|
|
same |
other complex |
has -pɨ ABS |
|
|
|
Crum & Dayley 1993:269 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Cahuilla |
Sambucus |
húnkat |
ˈhunkat |
elderberry, elder |
inheritance |
*ku'u, kuhu |
Californian |
|
This really looks like Numic *kunuki; is there a loan going around here? Other Cupan have ku7ut, which in Ca is Typha sp.. See Gab huka:t, perhaps in S179 |
|
|
same |
other complex |
hunka-t (Bean & Saubel 1972:138 give hunqwa-t) |
-m-exan-7a "inanimate" |
-m-exan-7a (inanimate classifier) for plants, -7ay'a "picking" for berries |
|
Seiler&Hioki 1979:60 |
no info |
2 |
|
1 |
elderberry sauce from dried berries, berries eaten fresh |
1 |
blossoms in tea for fever, upset stomach, colds, flu. Roots boiled for constipation. Can be poisonous. |
Gathered (wild but closely managed) |
All |
berries dried on drying floor and preserved for sweet sauce; today used for jams and jellies |
0 |
|
0 |
|
North America |
Below 4500 feet in moist areas |
no |
|
|
|
| Central Sierra Miwok |
Sambucus |
an'-ti'-roo'-mah |
|
elder |
inheritance |
*7anTaj- |
Miwokan |
|
Callaghan 1971; Callaghan 1997;19 |
|
|
|
other complex |
-ma |
|
|
|
Merriam 57:467 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Chemehuevi |
Sambucus |
ko-no'-wip |
|
Elder (Sambucus) |
inheritance |
*kunuki |
Proto-Numic |
|
Stubbs 180 (2008:64) |
|
|
same |
other complex |
has -pɨ ABS |
|
|
|
Merriam 59:539 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Chumash Barbareno |
Sambucus |
qayas |
|
Sambucus mexicanus |
unique |
|
Central Chumash only |
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
timbrook 2007:195 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Chumash Ineseno |
Sambucus |
qayas |
|
Sambucus mexicana, Merriam confirms 55:23 |
inheritance |
|
Central Chumash only |
|
Central Chumash |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
Timbrook 2007:195 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Chumash Obispeno |
Sambucus |
tpəlipə7 |
|
sauco |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
other complex |
t- |
|
|
|
Harrington III:1:0261 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
Flor is bueno para la fiebre |
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Chumash Ventureno |
Sambucus |
qayas |
|
Sambucus mexicana, Blue Elderberry; Merriam confirms 55:55 |
inheritance |
|
Central Chumash only |
|
Central Chumash |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
Timbrook 2007:195 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Cocopa |
Sambucus |
xsa·wk |
|
elderberry (Sambucus mexicana) |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
same |
underived |
|
|
|
|
Crawford 1989 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Comanche |
Sambucus |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Cupeño |
Sambucus |
ku'ut |
ˈkuʔut |
elderberry, Sambucus sp. |
inheritance |
*kuʔu/kuhu- |
Californian |
|
S179 (Stubbs 2009:64) |
|
|
broader (includes both plant and fruits) |
other complex |
ˈkuʔu-t elderberry-npn |
|
|
|
Hill & Nolasquez 1973:159 |
no info |
2 |
|
1 |
berries, flowers |
1 |
flowers cooked for fever, cough (Hill & Nolasquez 56) |
gathered (wild) |
all |
berries eaten ripe or dried and stored, flowers boiled, also important wood plant |
0 |
|
0 |
|
North America |
below 4500 feet in moist areas |
no |
|
|
|
| Esselen |
Sambucus |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Gabrielino |
Sambucus |
hu:kat |
ˈhu:kat |
sauco |
inheritance |
*kuhu- |
Californian |
|
probably from hu-ku'V-t and in S179; kuhut also recorded; but note Cahuilla hunkat, perhaps a second set |
|
|
broader (for plant, flowers, fruit, etc.) |
other complex |
ˈhu:ka-t elderberry-npn |
-hi:n |
classifier for worthwhile possessions |
|
Harrington 162, 070 |
no info |
2 |
|
1 |
flowers, berries |
1 |
|
gathered (wild) |
all |
wood, berries, flowers all used, diverse preparations |
0 |
|
0 |
|
North America |
below 4500 feet in moist areas |
no |
|
|
|
| Iipay 'Aa |
Sambucus |
kupall |
|
Elderberry, Sambucus Mexicana |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
same |
underived |
|
|
|
|
http://www.powayusd.com/projects/kumeyaay/Ethnobotany.htm |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Kawaiisu |
Sambucus |
kunuguvɨ |
|
Sambucus caerulea |
inheritance |
*kunuki |
Proto-Numic |
|
Stubbs 180 (2008:64) |
|
|
same |
other complex |
kunugu-vɨ elderberry-ABS |
bɨ, pɨ |
bɨ, pɨ seem to classify for plants, trees |
|
1981 Zigmond |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Kiliwa |
Sambucus |
x?wa?=msqhaan |
|
elderberry in English-Kiliwa, Sycamore (Platanus racemosus) in Kiliwa-English??? |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
same |
phrase |
clearly complex but root elements undefined |
|
|
|
Mixco 1985 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Kitanemuk |
Sambucus |
hukwat |
ˈhukʷat |
tree sp: elderberry |
inheritance |
*kuhu- |
Californian |
|
probably from hu-ku'V-t and in S179; kuhut also recorded; but note Cahuilla hunkat, perhaps a second set |
|
|
same |
other complex |
ˈhukʷa-t elderberry-npn (may be from hu-kuha-t wood-elderberry -npn although Anderton doesn't entertain this) |
-niw |
possessive classifier for things |
|
Anderton 1988:320 |
no info |
2 |
|
1 |
berries eaten |
1 |
flowers for tea for catarrh |
gathered (wild) |
women |
all parts of plants used (men may have gathered wood, for bows, etc.) |
0 |
|
0 |
|
North America |
below 4500 feet in moist areas |
no |
|
|
|
| Lake Miwok |
Sambucus |
kíTen |
|
elderberry tree (et) |
loan |
|
|
Northern Pomo |
Note Northern Pomo kiTē “elderberry”; Callaghan 1962:103 also notes Mu xitna; JHH notes Wappo k'aTe |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
Callaghan 1965 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Luiseño |
Sambucus |
kúuta |
ʹku:ta |
elderberry |
inheritance |
*kuʔu/kuhu- |
Californian |
|
S179 (Stubbs 2009:64) |
|
|
same |
other complex |
ʹku:-ta elderberry-non.possessed.noun |
|
|
|
Elliott 1999:425 |
no info |
2 |
|
1 |
“much liked” Sparkman 1908:195 |
1 |
“for female complaints” use flowers (Sparkman 1908:229) |
gathered (wild) |
women |
cooked and eaten fresh, or dried and stored for boiling, flour. Mixed with chia (Sparkman 1908:195-6) |
0 |
|
0 |
|
North America |
below 4500 feet in moist areas |
no |
|
|
|
| Maidu |
Sambucus |
lòkóm hìní |
|
elderberry |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
phrase |
many seeds |
|
|
|
Shipley 1963 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Mojave |
Sambucus |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Mutsun |
Sambucus |
čisnan |
|
elder (tree, flower) |
inheritance |
|
Costanoan |
|
Pinart has in Co I, II, III, IV |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
Okrand 1977:83 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Nisenan |
Sambucus |
k'ak'am |
|
elderberry OK CHM) |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
reduplicated |
|
|
|
|
Uldall & Shipley 1966 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Northern Paiute |
Sambucus |
hooboo |
|
elderberry (M: Elder (Sambucus) |
inheritance |
*hup/*hu'up |
Numic |
|
Stubbs 186 (2008:65) |
|
|
same |
underived |
|
|
|
|
Merriam 61:151 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Northern Sierra Miwok |
Sambucus |
7angtaj-y- |
|
elderberry |
inheritance |
*7anTaj |
Miwokan |
|
Callaghan 1971; Callaghan 1997:19 |
|
|
|
other complex |
-y nominalizer |
|
|
|
Callaghan 1987 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Plains Miwok |
Sambucus |
la:pa- |
|
elderberry tree (CHM confirms) |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
Callaghan 1984 (p. 305) |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Salinan A |
Sambucus |
tet-tah'-kul |
|
Elder |
unique |
|
Salinan |
|
|
|
|
|
reduplicated |
|
|
|
|
Merriam 55:385 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Salinan M |
Sambucus |
tetáp<ko:L |
|
elderberries (Merriam 55:385 confirms as Sambucus glauca, the plant) |
unique |
|
Salinan |
|
|
|
|
|
reduplicated |
|
|
|
|
Mason 1918:129 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Seri (Comcaac) |
Sambucus |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Serrano |
Sambucus |
ku:ht |
|
elderberry, elderberry tree |
inheritance |
*kuhu- |
Californian |
|
S179 |
|
|
|
other complex |
-t NPN |
|
|
|
KCHill ms 2001:24 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Southern Paiute |
Sambucus |
qunuguivɨ |
|
Huckleberry (this is the cognate JHH) |
inheritance |
*kunuki |
Proto-Numic |
|
Stubbs 180 (2008:64) |
|
|
same |
other complex |
has -pɨ ABS |
|
|
|
Sapir 1930:642 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Southern Sierra Miwok |
Sambucus |
7angt-aj- |
|
elder, Mountain blueberry |
inheritance |
*7anTaj |
Miwokan |
|
Callaghan 1971; Callaghan 1997;19 |
|
|
|
other complex |
-aj theme |
|
|
|
Broadbent 1964: |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Southern Ute |
Sambucus |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Tübatulabal |
Sambucus |
kūhuppül |
ku:huˈpɨl |
Elderberry, Sambucus velutina |
inheritance |
*kuʔu/kuhu- |
Californian |
|
S179 (Stubbs 2009:64) |
|
|
same |
derived |
ku:huˈ-pɨ-l elderberry-deriv.suffix-npn |
|
|
|
Hill 2010:36 |
no info |
2 |
|
1 |
berries |
no info |
almost certainly used elderberry tea |
gathered (wild) |
all |
wood used for tools, as well as berries for food |
0 |
|
0 |
|
North America |
below 4500 feet in moist areas |
no |
|
|
|
| Tümpisa Shoshone |
Sambucus |
kunuki |
|
elderberry |
inheritance |
*kunuki |
Proto-Numic |
|
Stubbs 180 (2008:64) |
|
|
same |
underived |
|
|
|
|
Dayley 1989:69 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Wappo |
Sambucus |
k'áTe |
|
elderberry tree (CHM confirms 52:583) |
loan |
|
|
Pomo |
Note Northern Pomo kiTē “elderberry”; Mil kiTen; Callaghan 1962:103 also notes Mu xitna; |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
Sawyer 1965 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Washo |
Sambucus |
bá:du7 |
|
elderberry |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
WPD |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Western Mono |
Sambucus |
kunugibɨ |
|
valley elderberry (bush) (Sambucus sp.) |
inheritance |
*kunuki- |
Proto-Numic |
|
Stubbs 180 (2008:64) |
|
|
same |
derived |
historically has suffix -ki |
-pɨ |
|
|
Bethel et al.:53 |
name of a division of the yayanchi (Eagle) moiety (kunugechi) Gifford p. 34; chief with eagle totem came from this division |
2 |
|
1 |
berries eaten in various preparations |
1 |
tea |
gathered (wild) |
women |
women make diverse preparations of berries (also used for wood) |
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Wintu |
Sambucus |
7apmi |
|
elderberry tree |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
compound |
< 7ap “elderberry”, mi: “tree” |
|
|
|
Pitkin 1985 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Yavapai |
Sambucus |
tàttăla |
|
elderberry |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
unknown |
|
|
|
|
Shaterian 1983 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Yokuts Palewyami |
Sambucus |
wiši·tʰaɂ |
|
elder, tree |
inheritance |
*wiše:thaɂ (NY) |
Yokutsan |
|
Merriam has seng'-el-tan; K 1961:219 gives Yd wicèta, Chuk ucèta; Golla 1964:61 |
|
|
same |
underived |
|
|
|
|
Gamble 1991 (from Harrington) |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Yokuts Yawdanchi |
Sambucus |
wicèta |
|
elder tree (Merriam confirms Sambuus) |
inheritance |
*wiše:thaɂ (NY) |
Yokutsan |
|
Golla 1964:61 |
|
|
same |
underived |
K 1907:236 relates to wicit erectio penis |
|
|
|
Kroeber 1961:219 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Yokuts Yowlumne |
Sambucus |
we-sā'-tah |
|
Elder (Sambucus), the tree |
inheritance |
*wiše:thaɂ (NY) |
Yokutsan |
|
Golla 1964:61 |
|
|
same |
underived |
|
|
|
|
Merriam 58:567 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Yuki |
Sambucus |
kew'-e MWO |
|
elder |
inheritance |
*kiwi |
Yukian |
|
Schlichter 1985 |
|
|
|
other complex |
-i a noun siffix |
|
|
|
Sawyer & Schlichter 1984 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Yuma |
Sambucus |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
