Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

fly

Semantic Field
motion
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
volar
Meaning Portuguese
voar

Languages

Language Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Etymology Notes Source Created By General Notes
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone jycy” “fly, get up, arise” inheritance Jane Hill
Cahuilla -hing- inheritance S&H 1979 Jane Hill
Central Sierra Miwok shyle:/t- inheritance Jane Hill
Chemehuevi wici/-ku “fly off, sg” loan direction unknown Jane Hill
Chumash Barbareno xalqlaw “to fly down”, xanan'an “go flying about” Wash 123 unknown Wash 2001:33 Jane Hill
Chumash Cruzeno no7o mawytwyt “I fly” unknown JPH Jane Hill
Chumash Ineseno xal=nowon “to fly” unknown A 111 Jane Hill
Chumash Obispeno maLnatYi “llevar volando (soar like buzzard)” unknown JPH Jane Hill
Chumash Ventureno no7an kxojojo “I fly” unknown JPH Jane Hill
Cocopa man inheritance Jane Hill
Comanche jysyry (sg), jorimi7ary (pl) “fly up, rise up” inheritance Jane Hill
Cupeño yal-yax [yalyax] unknown Jane Hill
Gabrielino e-sar-re e vahCHmok /isari7i vaxmok/ inheritance CHM/MC262 Jane Hill
Iipay 'Aa weman, uman [wəˈman̯], [ʊˈman̯] inheritance Jane Hill
Kawaiisu jori- SG inheritance Jane Hill
Kiliwa p-i7-hiw, p-i7-hiiw-u unknown Jane Hill
Kitanemuk ja7 inheritance Jane Hill
Lake Miwok li/lu- inheritance Jane Hill
Luiseño wi:la- (singular subject) unknown Jane Hill
Maidu je/j inheritance Jane Hill
Mojave iyer= inheritance Jane Hill
Mutsun hummu, huumu; pl humsu unknown NW Jane Hill
Nisenan hu:no unknown Jane Hill
Northern Paiute yotsi (sg) inheritance Thornes 03:298 Jane Hill
Northern Sierra Miwok syle:t-y- inheritance Jane Hill
Plains Miwok syle:t-y- inheritance Jane Hill
Salinan A ma:L (A), unknown Jane Hill
Salinan M maL unknown Mason 1918:143 Jane Hill
Seri (Comcaac) ccap unknown Jane Hill
Serrano hi:ny-(i)7k inheritance Jane Hill
Southern Paiute nontsi-S unique Jane Hill
Southern Sierra Miwok hyle:-t- inheritance Jane Hill
Southern Ute jychi (sg) inheritance Jane Hill
Tübatulabal ool-yt unknown Jane Hill
Tümpisa Shoshone jytsy” inheritance Jane Hill
Wappo ho-yo/k'-a:la7 “fly around, sg.” unknown Jane Hill
Washo yE, yu- Pi unknown J319 Jane Hill
Western Mono yotsi- inheritance Jane Hill
Wintu thiwa inheritance Jane Hill
Yavapai vya/:r ... i\, vya/:ri inheritance Jane Hill
Yokuts Yawdanchi hay-in- inheritance K07:248, G64 Jane Hill
Yokuts Yowlumne hoyon inheritance Golla 1964:62 Jane Hill
Yuki ti7- unknown S&S 1984 Jane Hill
Yuma aye/rek “he flies” H1:31 inheritance Jane Hill
Baniwa -áara -áaɻa inheritance See Language page Ana Paula B.
Carijona kawədəketɨ inheritance See Language page Melody Ann Ross, Zach Burnett, PLE
Cubeo vʉyʉ vɨjɨ inheritance See Language page Kelsey Neely; Tanja Baeuerlein
Dâw nãà nã̂ unique See Language page Ana Paula B., Pattie Epps
Desano wʉri wɨri inheritance See Language page Ana Paula; Tanja Baeuerlein
Eñepa yu-tə-n kawə ju-tə-n kawə inheritance See Language page Melody Ann Ross
Hodï bõwe; ʰkeleibilĩ unique See Language page Paulina Franco, Bettie Gonzalez
Waorani kæ-wo unique See Language page Paulina Franco, Bettie Gonzalez, PLE
Hup way-d'oʔ- ['leave-take'?] waj-d'oʔ- ['leave-take'?] unique See Language page Pattie Epps
Kakua hǐh unique See Language page Katherine Bolaños
Makushi ereuwe (IDS) ereuwe (IDS) inheritance cognate Pemon; compare Tupi-Guarani- Nheengatu:wewé; Cocama: uwe See Language page Melody Ann Ross
Nheengatu wewé wewé inheritance See Language page John Blaha, Lauren Franklin
Ninam lõ lõ unique See Language page Kelsey Neely
Nukak hɛɛn3 unique See Language page Lauren Franklin
Maihiki tuduco (1st person singular) tuduko unique See Language page Daniel Valle
Pemon ariwon; ariitang (E1980); yaarinta (M2000) aɾiwon; aritaŋ (E1980) inheritance cognate Macushi See Language page Melody Ann Ross, Karina Baeza
Resígaro adú adú inheritance See Language page Ana Paula B.
Sanumá kate kate unique See Language page Kelsey Neely
Sikuani pú:na inheritance See Language page Jonathan Quintanilla, Rebecca Khorram, PLE
Tariana áɾa áɾa inheritance See Language page Ana Paula B.
Tukano wʉʉ́ wɨɨ́ inheritance E Tuk See Language page Ana Paula, Amanda Novak
Kotiria wʉ wʉ inheritance E Tuk See Language page D. Jagannathan, Tanja Bauerlein
Yanomam yə jə inheritance See Language page Kelsey Neely
Yanomami yə-ɨ jə-ɨ inheritance See Language page Kelsey Neely
Yukuna ajrakaje ahɾakahe inheritance See Language page Ana Paula B., PLE
Arabana nguRi-nguRi inheritance? Claire Bowern
Bardi dumbarr -(i)nya- dumbarr -(i)nya- inheritance Claire Bowern
Bunuba [missing] missing Claire Bowern
Burarra muya unknown Claire Bowern
Dhangu wurruḻuḻ(') inheritance Claire Bowern
Dhuwal guthiŋaḻi' unknown Claire Bowern
Dhuwala wurruḻuḻ(') unknown Claire Bowern
Diyari munytyu inheritance Claire Bowern
DiyariREU [missing] missing Claire Bowern
Djambarrpuyngu guthiŋaḻi' unknown Claire Bowern
Djapu [missing] missing Claire Bowern
Djinang ṉunydjirri unknown Claire Bowern
Gajirrabeng birrwaroo unique Claire Bowern
Gooniyandi ngirrinyi Claire Bowern
Gupapuyngu wurruḻuḻ(') inheritance Claire Bowern
Gurindji tiwu ya- loan Jaminjung Claire Bowern
Jabirr-Jabirr -birril- [ma-berelan] -birril- [ma-berrelan] inheritance Claire Bowern
Jaru bard ga- unique Claire Bowern
Karajarri wanminy loan Claire Bowern
Kija tuwap inheritance Claire Bowern
Malyangapa Mal: yulparu unique Claire Bowern
Mangala ngurita loan Claire Bowern
Miriwung duwurr inheritance Claire Bowern
Mithaka kundindyirri unique Claire Bowern
Mudburra kunama Claire Bowern
Mudburra dim loan Claire Bowern
Ngamini munytyu inheritance Claire Bowern
Ngandi burt-dhu unique Claire Bowern
Ngarluma burru Claire Bowern
Nhirrpi mundyu inheritance Claire Bowern
Nimanburru mogonj mokony inheritance Claire Bowern
Northern Mangarla [missing] missing Claire Bowern
Northern Nyangumarta warrayi unknown Claire Bowern
Nyangumarta warrayi loan Pilbara Claire Bowern
Nyikina ngirinyi ngirinyi inheritance Claire Bowern
Nyulnyul -birril- [ma-berelan] -birril- [ma-berelan] inheritance Claire Bowern
Paakantyi wingar unique Claire Bowern
Pirriya munhan unique Claire Bowern
Pitta-Pitta muki unique Claire Bowern
Rirratjingu wurruḻuḻ Claire Bowern
Ritharrngu burt-dhu loan Claire Bowern
Walmajarri ? loan Claire Bowern
Wangkayutyuru muki unique Claire Bowern
Warrwa n warnminy inheritance Claire Bowern
Wubuy wilbila inheritance Claire Bowern
Yan-nhangu buṯthun unknown Claire Bowern
Yandruwandha mundju, tharra inheritance Claire Bowern
Yarluyandi muntju inheritance Claire Bowern
Yawarrawarrka [missing] missing Claire Bowern
Yawuru dumbarr + XXgl flap (wings); fly away dumbarr + inheritance Claire Bowern
Achagua jáareriu jáareriu inheritance See Language page Ana Paula B., PLE
Piapoco yálacawa jálakawa See Language page Ana Paula B., PLE
Kabiyari áara áaɾa See Language page Ana Paula B., PLE
Yavitero mita mita See Language page Ana Paula B., PLE
Wapishana ẓɨɨtʰa-n ẓɨɨtʰa-n inheritance Proto-Arawak See Language page Ana Paula B.
Wayuu awata See Language page PLE Also means 'jump' 10.430.
Yine haľna See Language page PLE *Piro-Apuriná form is *ha'rã-na.
Paresi ainakoa; jiwerowa 'fly in circles' ainakoa; tʃiwerowa 'fly in circles' inheritance See Language page Ana Paula B., PLE
Ignaciano #NAME? See Language page PLE
Trinitario #NAME? See Language page PLE
Baure ar- ar- inheritance See Language page Anissa Capuccino
Waurá ala ala inheritance See Language page Joyce McCormick
Arutani šan ʃan See Language page John Blaha
Sape karu kaɾu See Language page John Blaha
Cha'palaa 'heʔ-nu; 'he-'ke-nu See Language page PLE
Bora kʷaaméne, kʷaʔpʰe kʷaamέnɛ, kʷaʔpʰɛ inheritance See Language page Leslie Smith, Sarah Kuntz, PLE
Muinane gáʔáɸe-ʔi gáʔáɸɛ-ʔi See Language page Leslie Smith, Sarah Kuntz, PLE
Akawaio ariindang arindaŋ inheritance Venezuelan See Language page Melody Ann Ross, Lauren Franklin
Apalai pekã pekã inheritance See Language page Rebekah L. Evans
Wayana ëtupap ǝtupap unknown See Language page PLE
Makiritare wede:wede (KH) wede:wede unknown See Language page Melody Ann Ross, Karina Baeza
Mapoyo yarini jarini See Language page Melody Ann Ross
Wai Wai ari-m-ra ari-m-ra inheritance See Language page Melody Ann Ross
Yabarana təpəkə See Language page Ana Paula B., John Blaha
Yukpa ti'wanse See Language page Ana Paula B., Melody Ann Ross
Kalapalo alu- alu- doubtful loan Arawak See Language page Joyce McCormick
Barí boohboo oḳadyĩ See Language page PLE Colombia: ʔaka'čiyuunə.
Northern Emberá õamãrĩ õamãrĩ See Language page Jonathan Quintanilla, PLE
Epena wãa-bai- See Language page PLE
Guayabero pa-pún inheritance Proto-Guahiban See Language page Ana Paula B., Rebecca Khorram
Macaguan yapúnra japúnra inheritance Proto-Guahiban See Language page Ana Paula B., Rebecca Khorram
Cuiva pupúna volar, fly Huber & Reed 1992:284 Rebecca Khorram
Cofán chhajeye tʃahɛje See Language page Daniel Valle phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS
Candoshi-Shapra magáamaama mankámaama unique See Language page Daniel Valle
Taushiro a´tu´ti´ aʔtuʔtiʔ See Language page Daniel Valle
Páez yos yos See Language page Daniel Valle
Tikuna goe (birds ~) goe (birds ~) unique See Language page Daniel Valle, Zach Burnett, PLE
Urarina hiaelï hiaelʉ unique See Language page Daniel Valle, PLE
Camsa ʃatsibiána ʃatsibiána See Language page Daniel Valle, Anissa Capuchino
Andoke -bu- -bu- unique See Language page Kelsey Neely, PLE
Pumé uȩ rö pjõã See Language page Paulina Franco, PLE
Puinave #NAME? #NAME? unique See Language page Daniel Valle, Zach Burnett
Máku nü nü See Language page PLE
Warao nari, yahak naɾi, yahak See Language page John Blaha
Ashuar nanámtin nanamtim See Language page Daniel Valle
Huambisa nanaktasa nanaktasa See Language page Daniel Valle
Aguaruna nanamát nanamát inheritance See Language page Daniel Valle
Nadëb/Roçado dialect ka-puːh unique See Language page Ana Paula B., Pattie Epps
Matses capu kapu unknown See Language page Daniel Valle, Becky Walker
Kakataibo no'ã-ti See Language page PLE *Panoan *no[ya]-.
Katukina noya- See Language page PLE
Shipibo-Konibo noya-ti See Language page PLE
Yaminahua yoya-kĩ See Language page PLE
Chácobo noya- noya- inheritance See Language page Joyce McCormick
Yagua ratye ratje unique See Language page Daniel Valle
Southern Pastaza Quechua pawana pawana See Language page Daniel Valle
Napo Lowland Quichua huamburina wambuɾina See Language page Daniel Valle
Quechua Ayacuchano paway pawaj See Language page Daniel Valle, PLE
Piaroa ko'ü kɤʔɨ unknown See Language page Amanda Novak, Becky Walker
Sáliva jĩãsajaha hĩãsahaʔa unknown See Language page Becky Walker
Bará wɨ'ɨ́ See Language page Kelsey Neely, Tanja Baeuerlein
Barasano wɨ-re wɨ-re See Language page D. Jagannathan, Tanja Baeuerlein
Carapana wʉrique wɨɾikɛ See Language page Amanda Novak, Tanja Baeuerlein
Makuna wɨti-re wɨti-re inheritance See Language page Amanda Novak, D. Jagannathan, Tanja Bauerlein
Yuruti 'wɨ́ɨ- 'wɨ́ɨ- See Language page Ana Paula; Tanja Baeuerlein
Waikhana wɨ- wɨ- See Language page Ana Paula; Tanja Baeuerlein
Siriano wʉ́-rí wɨ́-rí See Language page Ana Paula, Kelsey Neely
Tanimuca ruʔ'ri ri'ka ruʔ'ri ri'ka unknown See Language page Kelsey Neely
Tatuyo wɨ́ɨ- wɨ́ɨ- See Language page Emily Buell, Paulina Franco
Tuyuka wɨ'ɨ wɨʔɨ See Language page D. Jagannathan, Paulina Franco, Ana Paula B.
Waimaja wɨ́ɨ̀ wɨ́ɨ̀ See Language page Kelsey Neely
Koreguaje cãva ku'imʉ kãba khuʔimʉ inheritance See Language page Daniel Valle
Siona kˀãwã-hĩ kˀãwã-hĩ inheritance See Language page Kelsey Neely
Secoya ja'juquë saiji haʔhukɨ 'saihi See Language page Amanda N
Kokama uhue uwe inheritance See Language page Zach Burnett, Daniel Valle
Wayampi #NAME? #NAME? inheritance See Language page PLE
Aché wewe inheritance See Language page PLE
Chiriguano wewe inheritance See Language page PLE
Paraguayan Guaraní veve See Language page PLE
Sirionó mebe mebe inheritance See Language page Joyce McCormick, Becky Walker
Ocaina dyaahi dʲaaʔi unique See Language page Leslie Smith, Sarah Kuntz, PLE
Nɨpode Witoto pé.e-de pέ.ɛ-dɛ See Language page Leslie Smith, Sarah Kuntz
Minica Witoto ɸé.e-de ɸέ.ɛ-dɛ See Language page Leslie Smith, Sarah Kuntz
Murui Witoto ɸe.e-de ɸɛ.ɛ-dɛ inheritance/Witoto See Language page Leslie Smith, Sarah Kuntz, PLE
Iquito ɨɨni ɨɨni unknown See Language page Cynthia Hansen
Záparo ahanu ahanu See Language page Becky Walker
Wari takiʔ; toin takiʔ; toin See Language page PLE 'To fly (insect)' tohoroʔ.
Araona kʷabec̷a See Language page PLE
Ese Ejja ɓaʔe-sowa--ki- unknown See Language page PLE
Ese Ejja/Huarayo baʔe-sowa-ti-kwe baʔe-sowa-ti-kwe See Language page Joyce McCormick
Tacana kʷabec̷a- See Language page PLE
Cavineña heta-ya heta-ya unknown See Language page Joyce McCormick, Becky Walker
Central Aymara jalaña wiru-ɲa See Language page PLE
Cayuvava tæpæ See Language page PLE
Itonama a-pɨhe See Language page PLE
Kwazá hyhyrwa-, tsiniri- (tsiniri- is to fly up ) hyhyrwa-, tsiniri- (tsiniri- is to fly up ) See Language page Joyce McCormick
Mosetén-Chimané 'ɲai See Language page Joyce McCormick, PLE
Movima ha-βuh-ɓuʔu ha-βuh-ɓuʔu See Language page Anissa Capuccino, Becky Walker
Trumai piuda-n piuda-n unique See Language page Rebekah L. Evans, PLE
Kaingang tẽ, tẽv tɛ̃; tɛ̃w; tɛ̃ŋtɛ̃; tɛ̃ŋtɛ̃w See Language page PLE
Canela kʰə̃-pa See Language page PLE *Jê form is *-ma; *-mar.
Suyá tõ tõ See Language page Rebekah Evans
Karajá ɔhɔ; uwo See Language page PLE
Djeoromitxi hüpfü høɸø See Language page PLE
Chipaya layš See Language page PLE Also means 'jump' 10.430.
Mocoví yo See Language page PLE Lit. '(zero) 3p actor-fly'; stem is ayo.
Pilagá 'w-ayo See Language page PLE
Toba w-ayo See Language page PLE
Lengua #NAME? See Language page PLE
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité ankimpaayi See Language page PLE
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet neŋempayˀ See Language page PLE
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay wiʔyoʔ See Language page PLE
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja -fʷeyeʔ ~ -fʷiyeʔ See Language page PLE
Maca -nayaʔ See Language page PLE Such as a bird.
Nivaclé -fɔʔyɔ fly (vb) https://ids.clld.org/ PLE
Ayoreo ii'yoʔ See Language page PLE
Mapudungun mɨpɨ See Language page PLE Also means 'wing' 04.392. Ranquel form is pɨlpɨl- ~ pɨnpɨn-.
Qawasqar alas See Language page PLE Also alayek. Sk records apas for Central QWS, cf. 'swift' 14.210. Fi, Hy record alas for South QWS.
Selknam re See Language page PLE
Tehuelche 'heʔn-; 'wāleš-; hāše- See Language page PLE Latter forms mean 'girar en el aire'.
Kanamarí damwam damwam voar Magalhães 2018:363 Maria Castillo
Lokono morodon moɾodon fly Pet 1987:358 Camille Unger
Kariña masiyriry masiɨrirɨ fly Yamada 2010:769 Camille Unger