Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

flicker

Semantic Field
flora-fauna
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
Meaning Portuguese

Languages

Language Linnean Name Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Etymology Notes Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Range of Term Word Structure Word Structure Notes Classifier Classifier Notes Hypernym Source Association with Social Categories Ritual/Mythologically Significant Ritual Notes Food Source Food Notes Medicinal Medicinal Notes How Collected Who Collects How Prepared Psychotropic Psychotropic Notes Traded Trade Notes Distribution Habitat Dangerous Ethnobiology Notes Species Notes General Notes
Bankalachi Toloim Colaptes sp. che-wis'-sah Flicker loan Yokuts Proto NimYokuts *T'iwisa' (Golla 1964) same underived C. H. Merriam 72-77, 60-455 2 1 0 0 1 no
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone Colaptes sp. un-să ban'-nah (RM 61:41) Flicker (Colaptes) inheritance Central Numic has the -pana element noted by Troike for this bird; same word recorded by Merriam at Round Mountain for W. Shoshoni WW %palaka ~ %pana(k) same phrase ansa pannah red bird? Merriam 61:73 2 1 0 0 1 no
Cahuilla Colaptes sp. táviš ˈtaviʃ big woodpecker inheritance *tapi- Uto-Aztecan S210, for large bird (Southern reflexes are for “hawk”) (Stubbs 2009:68) same other complex ʹtavi (simplex root) -ʃ non-possessed noun” -7aʃ “pet” Possessive classifier -7aʃ wikikmal Seiler&Hioki 1979:200 no info 2 Flicker feathers used in dance costumes 1 no info hunted Men roasted, stewed, eggs eaten 0 1 flicker feathers, especially scalp feathers, definitely traded, sometimes as completed headbands, etc. throughout the Americas Diverse habitats no
Central Sierra Miwok Colaptes sp. Tíw:ajy- flicker inheritance *Tiw(:)a- Utian Callaghan 1986:62 other complex -aj thematic suffix, -y nominalizer Freeland & Broadbent 1960 2 1 0 0 1 no
Chemehuevi Colaptes sp. kwan'-o-wats; kwan'-nah-wantz/wints kwanáwɂwantsI JPH Flicker (Colaptes) unique kwana “big bird” Southern Numic only, but wantsi appears to be Numic, cf. Stubbs 1041b (2008:167). For “Flicker” also in S. Paiute (same language -- Colorado River Southern Numic dialect continuum) same phrase kwanáwɂ-wantsI big.bird-gray.hair Merriam 59:527 2 1 0 0 1 no
Chumash Barbareno Colaptes sp. syit red-shafted flicker, 'named for the sound he makes' unique Central Chumash only underived Beeler 1978:184 2 1 0 0 1 no
Chumash Ineseno Colaptes sp. se'-ut; se-yoot' flicker unique Central Chumash only underived Merriam 55:9 2 1 0 0 1 no
Chumash Obispeno Colaptes sp. missing missing missing 2 1 0 0 1 no
Chumash Ventureno Colaptes sp. missing missing missing 2 1 0 0 1 no
Cocopa Colaptes sp. missing missing missing 2 1 0 0 1 no
Comanche Colaptes sp. ecahcueré ekakwɨrɨɨɂ Red Hammer unique All Central Numic has the “red” element, but usually with panna -- i don't know what kwɨrɨɨ? us same phrase eka-kwɨrɨɨ? Rejon 1995:51 2 1 0 0 1 no
Cupeño Colaptes sp. tavish ˈtaviʃ red bird with spots on breast inheritance *tapi- Uto-Aztecan S210, for large bird (Southern reflexes are for “hawk”) (Stubbs 2009:68) same other complex ˈtavi-ʃ -ʔaʃ "pet" possessive classifier for animals mukikmal Hill & Nolasquez 1973:174 no info 2 cut hair in mourning; ceremonial couplet tavish, puwish (H&N pp. 78,109) 1 eggs surely eaten no info no info no info no info 0 1 throughout Americas diverse habitats no
Esselen Colaptes sp. missing missing missing 2 1 0 0 1 no
Gabrielino Colaptes sp. ke'-mar” kiˈma:r (?) Flicker inheritance *kima:- Takic Kitanemuk kimachR. See “bat” for cautionary note. same other complex Merriam gives ke-mahr' “zig-zag” McC 252; kiˈma:-r flicker-npn -ʔaʧ "pet" possessive classifier for animals chi:ya http://www.archive.org/stream/bancroft_chartmerriam_1556_60#page/n415/mode/2up; p. 421 no info 2 one of birds who cut hair in mourning for Wiyot; flicker feathers used in ritual (this is from Boscana; Kroeber says Boscana's material came largely from Gabrielino) 1 all birds eaten (McC 116) no info hunted men roasted 0 1 it is likely that feathers of this bird were traded Americas diverse habitats no
Iipay 'Aa Colaptes sp. kekhuu flicker (woodpecker) unique Mojave kukho “type of bird”??? same underived Couro & Hutcheson 1973 2 sacred bird (Merriam); feather headbands sacred and also for arrow feathers 1 0 0 1 no
Kawaiisu Colaptes sp. ko-tse'-ah kuz-ze Flicker unique same other complex ko-tse'-ah kuz-ze kotsiakɨ-zi flicker-ABS Merriam 59:367 2 1 0 0 1 no
Kiliwa Colaptes sp. missing missing missing 2 1 0 0 1 no
Kitanemuk Colaptes sp. kimač ˈkimaʧr flicker inheritance *kima:- Takic Gab. ke'-mar” ; see “bat” for cautionary note same other complex ˈkima-ʧr; flicker-npn; Merriam's ke-mahts “zigzag” is this same word? perh. referring to a design shape? Anderton 1988:353 -ʔacit "pet" possessive classifier for animals wicitat Anderton 1988:353 no info 2 1 no decent info but everybody ate songbirds and eggs no info hunted men roasted, boiled, eggs eaten 0 1 Note that this name is not the “traded” woodpecker name in “pala” Americas diverse habitats no
Lake Miwok Colaptes sp. c'ijáak yellowhammer loan Hill Patwin “probably from Hill Patwin č'i:yak, č'iya:k “yellowhammer”” (1965:286) underived Callaghan 1965 2 1 0 0 1 no
Luiseño Colaptes sp. táavish ʹta:viʃ flicker bird inheritance *tapi- Uto-Aztecan S210, for large bird (Southern reflexes are for “hawk”) (Stubbs 2009:68) same other complex ʹta:vi-ʃ -ʔaʃ "pet" possessive classifier; NPN form of noun is ʔaʃla 7ehéngmay Elliott 1999:896 no into 2 cut their hair in mourning for Wuyot (Harrington 1978:121); ritual couplet is taavish, puypuy (Elliott); flicker feathers made into long bands/banners for decoration at fiestas (Harrington 1978:138) 1 surely at least eggs eaten no info no info no info no info 0 1 Americas diverse habitats no
Maidu Colaptes sp. c'it'út'i red-shafted flicker (Merriam confirms; also has wul'-lo-luk-ko) loan Wintun Proto-Wintun *č'i ... Shepherd 2005 (W. ch'ilew) other complex -i is a stem former Shipley 1963 2 1 0 0 1 no
Mojave Colaptes sp. missing missing missing 2 1 0 0 1 no
Mutsun Colaptes sp. tre-wah'k flicker inheritance *Tiw(:)a- Utian Callaghan 1986:62; Perhaps Yok-Utian Callaghan 1997 underived Merriam 55:409 2 1 0 0 1 no
Nisenan Colaptes sp. wal-lah-luk, wal'-lal-lok flicker unique reduplicated Merriam 57:233 2 1 0 0 1 no
Northern Paiute Colaptes sp. atzabanna woodpecker (M: Flicker (Colaptes) loan Western Numic only Gabrielino origin unknown; Western Mono yazabana', with the -bana element widely loaned (Troike) WW %palaka ~ %pana(k) same phrase red-banna? Yerington Dictionary (appears only in alphabet examples on first page of front matter!) 2 1 0 0 1 no
Northern Sierra Miwok Colaptes sp. Tiw:aj-y- yellowhammer inheritance *Tiw(:)a- Utian Callaghan 1986:62 other complex -aj-y THEME-NOM Callaghan 1987 2 1 0 0 1 no
Plains Miwok Colaptes sp. tiw:aj yellowhammer, red-shafted flicker (Colaptes capher) inheritance *Tiw(:)a- Utian Callaghan 1986:62 underived -aj is probably suffix etymologically Callaghan 1984 2 1 0 0 1 no
Salinan A Colaptes sp. č'am Flicker unique Salinan A only not in M; underived Merriam 55:373; Turner 1980:87 2 1 0 0 1 no
Salinan M Colaptes sp. wut'-tuk Flicker unique Salinan M only not in A underived Merriam 55:373 2 1 0 0 1 no
Seri (Comcaac) Colaptes sp. xeescl x is /X/ (uvular yellow-bellied sapsucker (Sphyrapicus varius) and ladder-backed woodpecker, Picoides scalaris unique broader (at least 2 genera of woodpecker-like birds) underived Comcaac Dictionary 584 2 1 0 0 1 no
Serrano Colaptes sp. kē'-mahtR, ke'-mahts ki:marT Flicker inheritance *kima:- Takic Gab. ke'mar”; a bit cautionary on “takic” since much Serrano/Gabrielino bilingualism along a long frontier other complex -t NPN Merriam 72-27, 60-101 2 1 0 0 1 no
Southern Paiute Colaptes sp. qwa:nangwantsI Flicker (Colaptes sp.) inheritance Sapir has only in compound with angqa- “red” for “robin”, but the uncompounded form is definitely Merriam's word; same as Chem kwanaw'wantsI “flicker”; Colorado River S. Numic dialect-continuum word. same other complex has -tsi ABS; qwa:na-”eagle” -ngwa-owner?-ntsI ABS (Sapir's ngwa not indicated with nasalizing transition) Merriam 59:463 2 1 0 0 1 no
Southern Sierra Miwok Colaptes sp. tiw:-aj- yellowhammer, red-shafted flicker inheritance *Tiw(:)a- Utian Callaghan 1986:62 other complex -aj- theme Broadbent 1964: 2 1 0 0 1 no
Southern Ute Colaptes sp. ?aká-qoná-vI woodpecker unique same phrase ?aka “red” qona < qwana big.bird-vi ABS Givon 1979 2 1 0 0 1 no
Tübatulabal Colaptes sp. chēwl ˈʧe:wl a kind of red bird loan Southern Sierra Miwok SSM tiwaj (and note PnimYokuts *T'iwisa7 “yellowhammer” (Golla 1964:66, so form is Yok-Utian) same other complex ˈʧe:w-l flicker-npn chikkīt Hill 2010:15 no info 2 feathers in headbands, etc. for rituals 1 no info hunted men roasted on coals, bones ground (some consultants denied Tub. ate eggs before Whites) 0 1 feathers traded in ritual regalia Americas Diverse habitats no
Tümpisa Shoshone Colaptes sp. antsaapana(ppüh) flicker loan Central Numic only Gabrielino Loan into Proto-Central Numic; has the -pana element noted by Troike for this bird; same word recorded by Merriam at Round Mountain in W. Shoshoni same other complex this has to be a compound, but antsaa- is unanalyzable ppüh Dayley 1989:7 2 1 0 0 1 no
Wappo Colaptes sp. c'ú:y flicker, yellowhammer (CHM confirms 52:569) unique Note Wintu *č'ilew, Utian *Tiw(:)a. Probably areally linked to Utian form. underived Sawyer 1965 2 1 0 0 1 no
Washo Colaptes sp. gušú:t'i7 Flicker (matches one of CHM's words) unique underived Merriam 55:303; WPD 2 1 0 0 1 no
Western Mono Colaptes sp. yazabana' flicker (bird) inheritance Western Numic only Northern Paiute atzabanna. This has the -banna element that is widely loaned for “woodpecker” WW %palaka ~ %pana(k) same underived contains -pana, widespread woodpecker word. In N. Paiute adzabanna it's probably “red-banna”, but not here. tsiipa “bird” Bethel et al.:300 no info 2 no mention, but flicker nearly always shamanically powerful feathers 1 old people ate (Gayton 2:223) no info hunted men 0 1 no
Wintu Colaptes sp. č'ilew yellowhammer (CHM confirms) inheritance *či- Wintun Shepherd 2005; some forms changed on analogy with “old man” preventing full reconstruction underived č'il... 1 Pitkin 1985 2 1 0 0 1 no
Yavapai Colaptes sp. missing missing missing 2 1 0 0 1 no
Yokuts Palewyami Colaptes sp. te-wis'-se flicker inheritance *T'iwis(a) Yokutsan Callaghan 1937:38, compare PU *Tiw(:)a... same underived Merriam 58:521 2 1 0 0 1 no
Yokuts Yawdanchi Colaptes sp. T'íwica yellowhammer (Merriam confirms 58:363) inheritance *T'iwis(a) Yokutsan Callaghan 1937:38, compare PU *tiw(:)a same underived Kroeber 1961:203 2 1 0 0 1 no
Yokuts Yowlumne Colaptes sp. Tiwica, T'iwissa' yellowhammer (Merriam confirms) inheritance *T'iwis(a) Yokutsan Callaghan 1997:38, compare PU *Tiw(:)a same underived Kroeber 1961:203 2 1 0 0 1 no
Yuki Colaptes sp. woi'-mo, woi-muh MWO, woi>mol B, wâ/-i-mol Cs flicker, yellowhammer inheritance *moymol' Yukian Schlichter 1985 relative clause -mol "agentive" Sawyer & Schlichter 1984 2 1 0 0 1 no
Yuma Colaptes sp. missing missing missing 2 1 0 0 1 no