Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

lie down

Semantic Field
motion
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
acostarse, echarse
Meaning Portuguese
deitar

Languages

Language Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Etymology Notes Source Created By General Notes
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone hapi” (sg), kopi” (dl, pl) inheritance Jane Hill
Cahuilla -max- unknown S&H 1979 Jane Hill
Central Sierra Miwok ma/7:il:-y- (V), ma7i:/l- (EC) inheritance Jane Hill
Chemehuevi ha-ha/vi (sg) inheritance Jane Hill
Chumash Barbareno ton' “be lying down”, toy'in “lie down” inheritance Klar 1977:94 Jane Hill
Chumash Cruzeno tikla unknown JPH Jane Hill
Chumash Ineseno sotoy'in inheritance Klar 1977:94 Jane Hill
Chumash Obispeno Lto7 inheritance Klar 1977:95 Jane Hill
Chumash Ventureno otoy'i inheritance Klar 1977:95 Jane Hill
Cocopa paT unknown Jane Hill
Comanche habiity, kwabity inheritance Jane Hill
Cupeño kwiv-yax [kʷivyax] inheritance Jane Hill
Gabrielino o-koh/, uk-ko inheritance CHM/MC259 Jane Hill
Iipay 'Aa welyak (pelyak) [wəˈʎaq], ([pəˈʎaq] inheritance Jane Hill
Kawaiisu havi- SG inheritance Jane Hill
Kiliwa yaq inheritance Jane Hill
Kitanemuk kwea7k unknown Jane Hill
Lake Miwok ca/Te unknown Jane Hill
Luiseño howa- (singular subject) inheritance Jane Hill
Maidu t'yjkit unknown Jane Hill
Mojave aavav= (not close together, of two people), upaa= (lie down), upam= (fall to ground and lie down tired) unknown Jane Hill
Mutsun ipli “lie down”, unknown ? Jane Hill
Nisenan nynk'oju unknown Jane Hill
Northern Paiute hapi (sg), inheritance Thornes 03:316 Jane Hill
Northern Sierra Miwok jang:ac:y- inheritance Jane Hill
Plains Miwok ty7e:l-y- inheritance Jane Hill
Salinan A ce/wili7 (A only), ce/wilthe (pl) “lie down” unknown Jane Hill
Salinan M missing missing Jane Hill
Seri (Comcaac) coom unknown Jane Hill
Serrano yk (sg); wyn(yi) (pl) “be in a place, lie” inheritance Jane Hill
Southern Paiute avi-S (sing); inheritance Jane Hill
Southern Sierra Miwok jaHn-ngHe- (intr) inheritance Jane Hill
Southern Ute avi (sg), kwavi (pl) inheritance Jane Hill
Tübatulabal myhy-at “lie down” unknown Jane Hill
Tümpisa Shoshone hapi”, inheritance Jane Hill
Wappo mu/ku:-khi7 (sg.) unknown Jane Hill
Washo kMe a/7sham unknown J115, 573 Jane Hill
Western Mono habi- inheritance Jane Hill
Wintu bija inheritance Jane Hill
Yavapai ya^ki inheritance Jane Hill
Yokuts Yawdanchi k'Unu “lie” inheritance K07:249; G64 Jane Hill
Yokuts Yowlumne bana:na: N44W and N1964 unknown N1944,N1964 Jane Hill
Yuki na,m-, num-, nom- inheritance S&S 1984 Jane Hill
Yuma apa/ H5:97 inheritance Jane Hill
Baniwa rhóa (in the floor), -koa (in the hammock) rhóa (in the floor), -koa (in the hammock) inheritance See Language page Ana Paula B.
Carijona etonemarɨ (lying down) unknown See Language page Melody Ann Ross, Zach Burnett, PLE
Cubeo parayʉ paɾajɨ inheritance See Language page Kelsey Neely; Tanja Baeuerlein
Dâw yet (on ground), ka’ (in hammock) jet, kaʔ inheritance See Language page Ana Paula B., Pattie Epps
Desano sía-ri (in a hammock) sía-ɾi unique See Language page Ana Paula; Tanja Baeuerlein
Eñepa -uwiɲa- (IDS) -uwiɲa- (IDS) unique See Language page Melody Ann Ross
Hodï ka'bɨte'ta unique See Language page Paulina Franco, Bettie Gonzalez
Waorani dãyi yõ-gæ̃ unique See Language page Paulina Franco, Bettie Gonzalez, PLE
Hup yæt- jæt- inheritance See Language page Pattie Epps
Kakua lah- inheritance See Language page Katherine Bolaños
Makushi aittun (IDS) aittun (IDS) unknown See Language page Melody Ann Ross
Nheengatu yenũ jenũ inheritance See Language page John Blaha, Lauren Franklin
Ninam pɨrɨa (EM72) pɨɾɨa inheritance See Language page Kelsey Neely
Nukak ɲah4 inheritance See Language page Lauren Franklin
Maihiki uiyi ũĩji inheritance See Language page Daniel Valle
Pemon at-aponte (A1981) ataponte (A1981) unique See Language page Melody Ann Ross, Karina Baeza
Resígaro hepítakaá, tó?makaá hepítakaá, tóʔmakaá inheritance See Language page Ana Paula B.
Sanumá pili (EM72) pili inheritance See Language page Kelsey Neely
Sikuani bobena (3), boboka (2), boka (2), bokataba (4) bóbena, bobóka, bóka, bókataba, bó:bena inheritance See Language page Jonathan Quintanilla, Rebecca Khorram, PLE
Tariana swá swá unique See Language page Ana Paula B.
Tukano etâ keʔa, ehâ keʔa; kãhĩ- etâ keʔa, ehâ keʔa; kãhĩ- doubtful loan (into protolg?) Arawak See Language page Ana Paula, Amanda Novak
Kotiria ~kho (progessive use); ~khʉ'a; sʉka; yosa (sounds similar to Makuna) kʰõ; kʰʉ̃ʔã; sʉʰka; yoʰsa loan (into protolanguage?); inheritance Arawak See Language page D. Jagannathan, Tanja Bauerlein
Yanomam pɨrɨa pɨɾɨa inheritance See Language page Kelsey Neely
Yanomami përɨamaɨ pəɾɨamaɨ inheritance See Language page Kelsey Neely
Yukuna to'okajo toʔokaho inheritance See Language page Ana Paula B., PLE
Yuhup jæt, k'ãʔ jæt, ~k'aʔ inheritance See Language page Ana Paula B., Pattie Epps
Arabana kurda- unique Claire Bowern
Bardi m-algon m-alkon inheritance Claire Bowern
Bunuba baga- inheritance Claire Bowern
Burarra gurrmiya unknown Claire Bowern
Dhangu ŋoya unknown Claire Bowern
Dhuwal [missing] missing Claire Bowern
Dhuwala ḏuy unknown Claire Bowern
Diyari thurrara- unique Claire Bowern
DiyariREU [missing] missing Claire Bowern
Djambarrpuyngu [missing] missing Claire Bowern
Djapu [missing] missing Claire Bowern
Djinang mani wangidji unknown Claire Bowern
Gajirrabeng yoog inheritance Claire Bowern
Gooniyandi bagi- inheritance Claire Bowern
Gupapuyngu ḏuy unknown Claire Bowern
Gurindji makin karri- loan Claire Bowern
Jabirr-Jabirr ma-djalgen ma-jalken inheritance Claire Bowern
Jaru manyan inheritance Claire Bowern
Karajarri wanti (4) Claire Bowern
Kija paku loan Bunuban Claire Bowern
Malyangapa Mal: ngurna- inheritance Claire Bowern
Mangala minyjikarri unknown Claire Bowern
Miriwung yoog inheritance Claire Bowern
Mithaka [missing] missing Claire Bowern
Mudburra manyan Claire Bowern
Mudburra mukuna loan Claire Bowern
Ngamini kurumarana unique Claire Bowern
Ngandi rdopol'-dhu unique Claire Bowern
Ngarluma ngarri(-gu) Claire Bowern
Ngumbarl wallar <wallar> unique Claire Bowern
Nhirrpi waRa unique Claire Bowern
Nimanburru ma-djalgen ma-jalken inheritance Claire Bowern
Northern Mangarla minyjikarri Claire Bowern
Northern Nyangumarta wurr jini- (V3) unknown Claire Bowern
Nyangumarta kartakarra unknown Claire Bowern
Nyikina ma-djalgen ma-jalken inheritance Claire Bowern
Nyulnyul ma-djalgen ma-jalken inheritance Claire Bowern
Paakantyi ŋima- unique Claire Bowern
Pirriya nguna:_x001E_ inheritance Claire Bowern
Pitta-Pitta thumpa unique Claire Bowern
Rirratjingu ŋoya Claire Bowern
Ritharrngu burlarr unknown Claire Bowern
Walmajarri yuka- inheritance Claire Bowern
Wangkayutyuru ngirrjaji- unique Claire Bowern
Wubuy munyulha doubtful loan Claire Bowern
Yan-nhangu [missing] missing Claire Bowern
Yandruwandha yukarrapandhi, inheritance Claire Bowern
Yarluyandi purri- unique Claire Bowern
Yawarrawarrka marmindri unique Claire Bowern
Yawuru ma-djalgen ma-jalken inheritance Claire Bowern
Achagua lé:mani jú, kuáu lé:mani jú, kuáu unique; inheritance See Language page Ana Paula B., PLE
Piapoco cùacawa, lìacawa kùakawa, lìakawa See Language page Ana Paula B., PLE
Kabiyari ku'apu, huapuku ku'apu, huapuku See Language page Ana Paula B., PLE
Yavitero jájita, juínta háhita, huínta See Language page Ana Paula B., PLE
Bare tíkua tíkua See Language page Ana Paula B.
Wapishana waʐti waʐti unique See Language page Ana Paula B.
Wayuu otoľir̃a-waa See Language page PLE
Paresi etolisa etolitsa inheritance See Language page Ana Paula B., PLE
Ignaciano -'iweka See Language page PLE
Trinitario 'epahi; -pahi See Language page PLE For animals, iwiko.
Baure košpoe- koʃpoe- unique See Language page Anissa Capuccino
Waurá halalakuwa halalakuwa inheritance See Language page Joyce McCormick
Cha'palaa 'c̷u-nu See Language page PLE
Bora todsɨ́ɨ́ve, ówaúúve (T98) tʰotsɨ́ɨ́βe, ókʷaɯ́ɯ́βe loan, direction unknown; doubtful loan Ocaina; Arawak kua See Language page Leslie Smith, Sarah Kuntz, PLE
Muinane cágáivehi (W97) kágáiβeʔi See Language page Leslie Smith, Sarah Kuntz, PLE
Akawaio eekpöriinggang eʔpö'riŋgaŋ unique; doubtful loan Arawak kua See Language page Melody Ann Ross, Lauren Franklin
Akawaio/Ingariko dialect uï, akuï (deitado) uɯ, akuɯ (deitado) See Language page Lauren Franklin
Apalai ataxikãko ataxikãko unknown See Language page Rebekah L. Evans
Wai Wai etɨ-raΦo-ko etɨ-raΦo-ko unique See Language page Melody Ann Ross
Yabarana weɾe:tasɜpɜ See Language page Ana Paula B., John Blaha
Yukpa töuinje See Language page Ana Paula B., Melody Ann Ross
Kalapalo iŋati-; itite- iŋati-; itite- unknown See Language page Joyce McCormick
Muisca ybcac izone ɨβkak itʂone See Language page Daniel Valle
Northern Emberá ɓa'r̃uɓari- (IDS) ɓa'r̃uɓari- (IDS) See Language page Jonathan Quintanilla, PLE
Epena hẽra bee- See Language page PLE Lit. 'lie.down-do'.
Guayabero ˀóel, ˀok unique See Language page Ana Paula B., Rebecca Khorram
Macaguan bók inheritance Central+Macaguan subgroup See Language page Ana Paula B., Rebecca Khorram
Cuiva bobéna, bóka acostarse, lie down Huber & Reed 1992:287 Rebecca Khorram
Playero bóbena, boka See Language page Rebecca Khorram
Cofán ccuiye khɯijɛ See Language page Daniel Valle phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS
Candoshi-Shapra cháamaama; tsidáamaama tʃáamaama; tsintáamaama unique See Language page Daniel Valle
Páez itacueth itakuetj See Language page Daniel Valle
Tikuna inakú (Alv44) inakú unique See Language page Daniel Valle, Zach Burnett, PLE
Urarina ekïï ekʉʉ unique See Language page Daniel Valle, PLE
Camsa xtsexáxonana xtsexáxonana See Language page Daniel Valle, Anissa Capuchino
Andoke tiãčéh ('he lies down/goes to bed') (RW52) unique See Language page Kelsey Neely, PLE
Pumé ãrẽ See Language page Paulina Franco, PLE
Puinave [-yek-sok] jek-sok unique See Language page Daniel Valle, Zach Burnett
Ashuar tepéstin tepestin See Language page Daniel Valle
Huambisa tepestasa tɨpɨstasa See Language page Daniel Valle
Aguaruna tepét tɨpɨt inheritance See Language page Daniel Valle
Nadëb/Roçado dialect jat, jad inheritance See Language page Ana Paula B., Pattie Epps
Nadëb/Rio Negro dialect gʌʔ, gǝ:ʔ See Language page Ana Paula B., Pattie Epps
Matses uebud uebud unknown See Language page Daniel Valle, Becky Walker
Kakataibo ra'ka-ti See Language page PLE *Panoan *raka-.
Katukina raka-ʔina- See Language page PLE
Shipibo-Konibo rakã-ti; raka-ti See Language page PLE
Yaminahua raka-kĩ; rata-kĩ See Language page PLE Latter means 'lay someone else down, or lay something long down'.
Chácobo raka- raka- inheritance See Language page Joyce McCormick
Yagua tiryo tirjo: unique See Language page Daniel Valle
Southern Pastaza Quechua siririna siɾiɾina See Language page Daniel Valle
Ingá sirinii sirinii See Language page Daniel Valle
Napo Lowland Quichua shitana ʃitana See Language page Daniel Valle
Quechua Ayacuchano sirikuy (CP94) sirikuj See Language page Daniel Valle, PLE
Piaroa a'ekuahtih (K76) aʔekuahtih doubtful loan Arawak kua See Language page Amanda Novak, Becky Walker
Sáliva ũpajaha ũpahaʔa unknown See Language page Becky Walker
Bará kõ'ã́, jo'há See Language page Kelsey Neely, Tanja Baeuerlein
Barasano hesá-, kãhĩ́- hesá-, kãhĩ́- See Language page D. Jagannathan, Tanja Baeuerlein
Carapana jo'sá- jo'sá- See Language page Amanda Novak, Tanja Baeuerlein
Makuna yosa-re (in a hammock) josa-ɾe inheritance See Language page Amanda Novak, D. Jagannathan, Tanja Bauerlein
Yuruti 'kúa-, 'jósaa- 'kúa-, 'jósaa- See Language page Ana Paula; Tanja Baeuerlein
Waikhana kũ'jã-, jo'sa- kũ'jã-, jo'sa- See Language page Ana Paula; Tanja Baeuerlein
Siriano o'já-, siʔ'á- o'já-, siʔ'á- See Language page Ana Paula, Kelsey Neely
Tanimuca pãdyã ri'ka pãʎã ri'ka inheritance See Language page Kelsey Neely
Tatuyo johá- johá- See Language page Emily Buell, Paulina Franco
Tuyuka kõ'ã, jo'sá kõ'ã, jo'sá See Language page D. Jagannathan, Paulina Franco, Ana Paula B.
Waimaja džohá dʒohá See Language page Kelsey Neely
Koreguaje ũi- ũi- inheritance See Language page Daniel Valle
Siona umeji umehi inheritance See Language page Kelsey Neely
Secoya uiñe ũĩñɛ̃ See Language page Amanda N
Karitiana amo, nẽg amo, nẽg unknown; inheritance See Language page Daniel Valle
Kokama yaparari japarari inheritance See Language page Zach Burnett, Daniel Valle
Wayampi #NAME? #NAME? doubtful loan Arawak See Language page PLE
Aché pača unique See Language page PLE
Chiriguano (a)ǰapakʷa inheritance See Language page PLE
Paraguayan Guaraní ɲeno See Language page PLE
Sirionó nyaara (P85) nyaara unknown See Language page Joyce McCormick, Becky Walker
Kamayurá aw aw inheritance See Language page Rebekah L. Evans
Ocaina iian; tuudya (acostar) ĩĩã; tɯɯdʲa unknown; loan, direction unknown Bora See Language page Leslie Smith, Sarah Kuntz, PLE
Murui Witoto bɨide bɯidɛ (B83) unique See Language page Leslie Smith, Sarah Kuntz, PLE
Iquito ihuɨɨni iwɨɨni unknown See Language page Cynthia Hansen
Záparo amanu amanu See Language page Becky Walker
Wari teremʔ; tokoʔ teremʔ; tokoʔ See Language page PLE
Araona ha-sisa; ha-wana See Language page PLE *Tacn form is *śa-ŕa, a position morpheme.
Ese Ejja haa- unique See Language page PLE
Ese Ejja/Huarayo haa-kwe haa-kwe See Language page Joyce McCormick
Tacana sa-ti-; sa-na; -sa See Language page PLE The suffix is used for horizontal position.
Cavineña ha-ra-ya ha-ra-ya unique See Language page Joyce McCormick, Becky Walker
Central Aymara winkt´aña ikintχa-ɲa See Language page PLE
Cayuvava ɲuka; ɲuku See Language page PLE
Itonama upuʔna; kuspuʔna See Language page PLE
Kwazá ũi- ũi- See Language page Joyce McCormick
Mosetén-Chimané čuden'yi See Language page Joyce McCormick, PLE
Movima ɗe-čeɬ ɗe-tʃeɬ See Language page Anissa Capuccino, Becky Walker
Trumai (ha) tsula (ha) tsula unique See Language page Rebekah L. Evans, PLE
Kaingang fi, vin nã; nə̃; Φi See Language page PLE
Suyá ni ni See Language page Rebekah Evans
Karajá aədɔnɨ See Language page PLE
Djeoromitxi ore ore See Language page PLE
Chipaya axpš See Language page PLE
Mocoví ne-nan-ɲi See Language page PLE Lit. '3p actor-coil-down'.
Pilagá ne-naa-ɲi See Language page PLE Lit. '3pa-coil-down'. Cf. 'snake' 03.850.
Toba n-naa-ɲi See Language page PLE Lit. '3p actor (self)-coil-down'.
Lengua #NAME? See Language page PLE
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité apyitniyi See Language page PLE
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet neŋyetnama See Language page PLE
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay i-mo-ka'c̷i See Language page PLE
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja -xoʔneʔ ~ -xyoʔneʔ ~ -oʔneʔ See Language page PLE
Maca -(i)w-xuʔ See Language page PLE Cf. 'down' 12.030.
Nivaclé -wate; xoʔ-xaʔne lie down; lie down https://ids.clld.org/ PLE
Ayoreo i'm̥ar-ahaʔ See Language page PLE
Mapudungun kuθu; ṭ͡ʀana-kɨnu-wɨ See Language page PLE Ranquel form is ṭ͡ʀanakɨnɨ- ~ ṭ͡ʀanakɨne-.
Qawasqar talay See Language page PLE Sk, Bo record pap for Central QWS. Cf. 'sit' 12.140.
Selknam xa See Language page PLE
Tehuelche e'šē-; e'hā- See Language page PLE
Kanamarí 1. opikam, 2. opikmam 1. opikam, 2. opikmam 1. deitar-se 2. fazer deitar 1. Magalhães 2018:373, 2. Magalhães 2018:374 Maria Castillo
Lokono tholhodon tʰoɽodon lie down (to rest) Pet 1987:362 Camille Unger
Kariña unka unka lay down; lie down Courtz 2007:413 Camille Unger