Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

suck

Semantic Field
body
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
chupar
Meaning Portuguese
chupar

Languages

Language Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Etymology Notes Source Created By General Notes
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone mu-pici”, mu-picih, pici”, picih inheritance Jane Hill
Cahuilla -chung- inheritance S&H 1979 Jane Hill
Central Sierra Miwok ko/j-pa- inheritance Jane Hill
Chemehuevi picy (suck, suckle) inheritance Jane Hill
Chumash Barbareno 7axsjut'en “suck.in”, 7axt'utun (of bees, B78) unknown Wash 2001:166 Jane Hill
Chumash Cruzeno tipaLjet “yo chupo” unknown JPH Jane Hill
Chumash Ineseno oxt'oy “suckle” unknown A 257 Jane Hill
Chumash Obispeno quLhup7u unknown JPH Jane Hill
Chumash Ventureno ckutet “he sucks” inheritance Harrington 1974:9 Jane Hill
Cocopa sucu/k; pily, piS (baby); Su:x (a straw) loan into protolanguage Jane Hill
Comanche mubI tsoo7nitY loan Jane Hill
Cupeño chum-in [tʃumin] inheritance Jane Hill
Gabrielino wi:ko7 “chupar” unknown Jane Hill
Iipay 'Aa chepesii [ʧəpəˈsiˑ] loan into protolanguage Jane Hill
Kawaiisu chohmi- inheritance Jane Hill
Kiliwa sip, siip, ch-phuup loan into protolanguage Jane Hill
Kitanemuk cung inheritance Jane Hill
Lake Miwok c'um- inheritance Jane Hill
Luiseño hi:pa~i inheritance Elliott Jane Hill
Maidu du/\t unknown Jane Hill
Mojave apith= loan Jane Hill
Mutsun huSYlu “sucks” unknown O77:83 Jane Hill
Nisenan jom (as shaman) loan into protolanguage Jane Hill
Northern Sierra Miwok cu:tu-, inheritance Jane Hill
Plains Miwok cujmu- inheritance Jane Hill
Salinan M *e:tc'o/i * I think means reconstructed from Sitjar transcription unknown Mason 1918:140 Jane Hill
Seri (Comcaac) ccotz unknown Jane Hill
Serrano cu:ng inheritance Jane Hill
Southern Sierra Miwok jymo:-t- unknown Jane Hill
Southern Ute so”o”7mi inheritance Jane Hill
Tümpisa Shoshone jungwyh, junguh inheritance Jane Hill
Wappo 7ot'-shi7 inheritance E1993 Jane Hill
Washo -a/la7 unknown J1958:204 Jane Hill
Western Mono pitsi- inheritance Jane Hill
Wintu c'uje inheritance Jane Hill
Yavapai chthpa^li “suck, chew (cud)” unknown Jane Hill
Yokuts Yowlumne c'abbo: “to suck at” inheritance N1964 Jane Hill
Yuki 7oT'-, 7oT'e inheritance S&S1984 Jane Hill
Yuma cato/q H4:22; api/s (suckle) H4:23 unknown Jane Hill
Baniwa péro, tsóotso péro, tsóotso unknown; inheritance widespread onomatopoeic forms w/ tso, tsu See Language page Ana Paula B.
Carijona isusukarɨ inheritance See Language page Melody Ann Ross, Zach Burnett, PLE
Cubeo neneñʉ; nuñʉ; teyʉ; viviyʉ nenejɨ; nujɨ; tejɨ; vivijɨ unique; inheritance See Language page Kelsey Neely; Tanja Baeuerlein
Dâw çũnh’ cũɲ' inheritance See Language page Ana Paula B., Pattie Epps
Desano mími-ri mími-ɾi inheritance See Language page Ana Paula; Tanja Baeuerlein
Eñepa -ɨkamuhkə- (IDS) -ɨkamuhkə- (IDS) unknown See Language page Melody Ann Ross
Hodï luhlu ʰluʰluwe unique See Language page Paulina Franco, Bettie Gonzalez
Waorani wi õ unique See Language page Paulina Franco, Bettie Gonzalez, PLE
Hup ʔaj’-, ʔun' ʔaj’-, ~ʔud' unknown; inheritance See Language page Pattie Epps
Kakua húbʔ unique See Language page Katherine Bolaños
Makushi yuʔna (IDS) yuʔna (IDS) unknown See Language page Melody Ann Ross
Nheengatu pitera pitera inheritance See Language page John Blaha, Lauren Franklin
Ninam ɨkɨka (EM72) ɨkɨka inheritance See Language page Kelsey Neely
Nukak ɸiibʔ3 doubtful loan Tukanoan: Wanano wĩmĩ; Cubeo vivi See Language page Lauren Franklin
Maihiki nucuyi nukuji inheritance See Language page Daniel Valle
Pemon kuka, kuchika, kukuma, yuna (A1981); iku'ka (M2000) kuka, kutʃika, kukuma, dʒuna (A1981) inheritance N Amaz subgroup See Language page Melody Ann Ross, Karina Baeza
Resígaro soo?-khú sooʔ-kʰú inheritance similar forms shared with Bora and other languages; onomatopoeic See Language page Ana Paula B.
Sanumá ususa, ukuka (EM72) ususa, ukuka inheritance See Language page Kelsey Neely
Sikuani tsu-tsúne (tsu-tsúba - plur.) inheritance Sik-Cuiva-Playero group See Language page Jonathan Quintanilla, Rebecca Khorram, PLE
Tukano uhû uhû inheritance E Tuk See Language page Ana Paula, Amanda Novak
Kotiria ~wibi w˜ĩmĩ inheritance E-W Tuk See Language page D. Jagannathan, Tanja Bauerlein
Yanomam ususa (EM72) ususa inheritance See Language page Kelsey Neely
Yanomami wapumɨaɨ, ikikimou wapumɨaɨ, ikikimou inheritance See Language page Kelsey Neely
Yukuna i'irakaje iʔirakahe inheritance See Language page Ana Paula B., PLE
Yuhup ʔũn' ~ʔud' inheritance See Language page Ana Paula B., Pattie Epps
Arabana puntha- inheritance Claire Bowern
Bardi djonj jony inheritance Claire Bowern
Bunuba [missing] missing Claire Bowern
Burarra bunyja loan Yolngu Claire Bowern
Dhangu buny'tjun inheritance Claire Bowern
Dhuwal [missing] missing Claire Bowern
Dhuwala [missing] missing Claire Bowern
Diyari tjumpurkata inheritance Claire Bowern
DiyariREU tjumpurkata inheritance Claire Bowern
Djambarrpuyngu [missing] missing Claire Bowern
Djapu [missing] missing Claire Bowern
Djinang nuki-ji unknown Claire Bowern
Gajirrabeng joong inheritance Claire Bowern
Gooniyandi [missing] missing Claire Bowern
Gupapuyngu [missing] missing Claire Bowern
Gurindji nyuk paya- unique Claire Bowern
Jabirr-Jabirr djonj jony inheritance Claire Bowern
Jaru [missing] missing Claire Bowern
Jawi inibi ŋamarna inibi ŋamarna semantic shift Claire Bowern
Karajarri djam bunja unknown Claire Bowern
Kija jung inheritance Claire Bowern
Malyangapa [missing] missing Claire Bowern
Mangala kurna unknown Claire Bowern
Miriwung joong inheritance Claire Bowern
Mithaka [missing] missing Claire Bowern
Mudburra mukbiji Claire Bowern
Mudburra muk warnda unique Claire Bowern
Ngamini tapayi inheritance Claire Bowern
Ngandi dhing'dhing'dhu inheritance Claire Bowern
Ngarluma binyja(-lgu)[future -ru] Claire Bowern
Nhirrpi [missing] missing Claire Bowern
Nimanburru djonj jony inheritance Claire Bowern
Northern Mangarla kurna Claire Bowern
Northern Nyangumarta yulurr-pini (V3) unknown Claire Bowern
Nyangumarta nguma-rna unknown Claire Bowern
Nyikina djonj jony inheritance Claire Bowern
Nyulnyul djonj jony inheritance Claire Bowern
Paakantyi ḏundi-la- unique Claire Bowern
Pirriya [missing] missing Claire Bowern
Pitta-Pitta punhtha inheritance Claire Bowern
Rirratjingu [missing] missing Claire Bowern
Ritharrngu warnggun unknown Claire Bowern
Walmajarri runyma- unknown Claire Bowern
Wangkayutyuru yuntha- unique Claire Bowern
Warrwa rung+ XXgl ache rung+ inheritance Claire Bowern
Wubuy lhangan-dhirra inheritance Claire Bowern
Yan-nhangu [missing] missing Claire Bowern
Yandruwandha ibaiba, marnangarika, pardaparda unique Claire Bowern
Yarluyandi tjipa- unique Claire Bowern
Yawarrawarrka tjumpurkari inheritance Claire Bowern
Yawuru djonj jony inheritance Claire Bowern
Achagua íireri íireri inheritance See Language page Ana Paula B., PLE
Piapoco isidùaca, bèrùaca, sùsùaca isidùaka, bèrùaka, sùsùaka See Language page Ana Paula B., PLE
Kabiyari t̪ut̪u t̪ut̪u See Language page Ana Paula B., PLE
Yavitero ľ̥iya (also 'drink') ľ̥ija (also 'drink') See Language page Ana Paula B., PLE
Wapishana suẓukʰa-n suẓukʰa-n inheritance Proto North Arawak See Language page Ana Paula B.
Wayuu atuʔľa See Language page PLE Also means 'kiss, suckle'. Also refers to the 'sucking' of sickness from the body by the 'piache'. Also atɨyɨɨ'ľa, refers to the babe suckling, or to sucking an orange. Also ohoʔľu'ha, refers to sucking a candy or a seed.
Yine haši-ča See Language page PLE Means to suckle. Also hačiča. *Piro-Apuriná form is *ha'si-ta.
Ignaciano #NAME? See Language page PLE Also -čučuhika; -'ahika, to suckle.
Trinitario #NAME? See Language page PLE Also -mičruko; -mičreko. Also imiohko. 'To suckle' is -ohko.
Baure hi-'ko- hi-'ko- inheritance See Language page Anissa Capuccino
Waurá utaka utaka unknown See Language page Joyce McCormick
Cha'palaa 'miš-nu See Language page PLE
Bora nʸoʔ-nʸo, nʸoíʔ-kʰʸ (milk), pʰɨ́ʔxa (caramels), ɨɨ́ʔa, tsʰɨɨ́ʔi (the juice out of somethin) tsʰoóʔkʰo (something dry into mouth) nʲoʔ-nʲo, nʲoíʔ-kʰʲ (milk), pʰɨ́ʔxa (caramels), ɨɨ́ʔa, tsʰɨɨ́ʔi (the juice out of somethin) tsʰoóʔkʰo (something dry into mouth) unknown See Language page Leslie Smith, Sarah Kuntz, PLE
Muinane gééne-ʔi (fruit), múginɨ-ʔi (milk) gέέnɛ-ʔi (fruit), múginɨ-ʔi (milk) See Language page Leslie Smith, Sarah Kuntz, PLE
Akawaio iiguukka, giiuukka i'guʔka, guiʔ'ka inheritance Akawaio-Pemon See Language page Melody Ann Ross, Lauren Franklin
Wayana sukma sukma inheritance See Language page PLE
Mapoyo cayatanma-ri kajatanma-ri See Language page Melody Ann Ross
Yabarana ehne ʝas'no:poli (yo chupo) See Language page Ana Paula B., John Blaha
Yukpa saipómako, saisie, saisiye, suipak, suvine, suvini, éinata, emata, noporano See Language page Ana Paula B., Melody Ann Ross
Muisca bchuchysuca βʂuʂɨsuka See Language page Daniel Valle
Barí tuu aɨgsadyĩ; dada See Language page PLE Means 'to suckle'. Colombia: ʔog'saynə.
Northern Emberá thãnsói thãnsói See Language page Jonathan Quintanilla, PLE
Epena sõ- See Language page PLE
Guayabero suw inheritance Proto-Guahiban See Language page Ana Paula B., Rebecca Khorram
Macaguan susbʉ́ susbʉ́ inheritance Proto-Guahiban See Language page Ana Paula B., Rebecca Khorram
Cuiva tsutsúba chupar, suck Huber & Reed 1992:364 Rebecca Khorram
Playero tsu-tsúba See Language page Rebecca Khorram
Cofán sutsaye sɯtsaijɛ See Language page Daniel Valle phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS
Candoshi-Shapra kamópshĭmaama kamópʃĭmaama unique See Language page Daniel Valle
Páez chanchaá, pechanch, yoi tʃantʃaá, petʃantʃ, yoi See Language page Daniel Valle
Tikuna nü3-5xü; nü2tu5xu3 (A58) nɨʔɨ, nɨtuʔu unique See Language page Daniel Valle, Zach Burnett, PLE
Camsa xobkuakuajána xobkuakuajána See Language page Daniel Valle, Anissa Capuchino
Andoke -ma' -maʔ unique See Language page Kelsey Neely, PLE
Pumé chĩã See Language page Paulina Franco, PLE
Tinigua tsitsi (I suck) See Language page Zach Burnett
Puinave [-sɨk] sɨk unique See Language page Daniel Valle, Zach Burnett
Ashuar mukunpatin mukunpatin See Language page Daniel Valle
Huambisa mukunatsa mukunatsa See Language page Daniel Valle
Aguaruna bukunát bukunat inheritance See Language page Daniel Valle
Nadëb/Roçado dialect i-pɔh, ta̱-tu̱: unique See Language page Ana Paula B., Pattie Epps
Matses chish tʃiʃ unknown See Language page Daniel Valle, Becky Walker
Kakataibo ʔoɲoka-ti See Language page PLE c̷ukuka-ti 'to suck' in Shambuyaco and Pintayo. *Panoan *ʔoyo-.
Katukina koko- See Language page PLE
Shipibo-Konibo oyo-ti; koko-ti See Language page PLE
Yaminahua koko-kĩ See Language page PLE
Chácobo c̷opaʔa- c̷opaʔa- loan Span/Port See Language page Joyce McCormick
Yagua tiriy tirij unique See Language page Daniel Valle
Southern Pastaza Quechua tsungana tsungana See Language page Daniel Valle
Ingá ubsii ubsii See Language page Daniel Valle
Napo Lowland Quichua tsungana tsungana See Language page Daniel Valle
Quechua Ayacuchano soqoy soqoj See Language page Daniel Valle, PLE
Piaroa rahádɨ'ɨh rahádɨɁɨh unknown See Language page Amanda Novak, Becky Walker
Sáliva lluhlluhajaha, lluwagajaha ʤuʔʤuʔahaʔa, ʤuwagahaʔa unknown See Language page Becky Walker
Bará u'u See Language page Kelsey Neely, Tanja Baeuerlein
Barasano ũ'hṹ-, udí- ũ'hṹ-, udí- See Language page D. Jagannathan, Tanja Baeuerlein
Carapana 'ṹpṹ-, 'ṹpṹ- 'ṹpṹ-, 'ṹpṹ- See Language page Amanda Novak, Tanja Baeuerlein
Makuna udi-re (with a straw or something similar); ũju-re (esp. Breast milk) udi-ɾe; ĩxu-ɾe unknown See Language page Amanda Novak, D. Jagannathan, Tanja Bauerlein
Yuruti 'ṹpũ-, 'ũpũ- 'ṹpũ-, 'ũpũ- See Language page Ana Paula; Tanja Baeuerlein
Waikhana ĩʔ'bĩ-, wiʔ'bĩ- ĩʔ'bĩ-, wiʔ'bĩ- See Language page Ana Paula; Tanja Baeuerlein
Siriano bĩʔ'bĩ- bĩʔ'bĩ- See Language page Ana Paula, Kelsey Neely
Tanimuca biʔ'bi ri'ka; u'ku ri'ka biʔ'bi ri'ka; u'ku ri'ka inheritance See Language page Kelsey Neely
Tatuyo 'ũpũ- 'ũpũ- See Language page Emily Buell, Paulina Franco
Tuyuka ũ'pũ ũ'pũ See Language page D. Jagannathan, Paulina Franco, Ana Paula B.
Waimaja ṹᵽṹ ṹɸṹ See Language page Kelsey Neely
Koreguaje viimʉ biimʉ inheritance See Language page Daniel Valle
Siona zu'nzuji, chuchuji zuʔnzuhi, tʃutʃuhi unknown possible loan? onomatopoeia See Language page Kelsey Neely
Secoya so'suye sõʔ'sujɛ See Language page Amanda N
Karitiana nẽ´õm nẽʔõm unknown See Language page Daniel Valle
Kokama tsuhuana tsuwana unique See Language page Zach Burnett, Daniel Valle
Wayampi #NAME? #NAME? unique See Language page PLE
Aché pɨče inheritance See Language page PLE
Chiriguano -pɨte; (a)ere inheritance See Language page PLE
Paraguayan Guaraní pɨte; kaᵐbu See Language page PLE
Sirionó kiamu; siite kiamu; siite unique See Language page Joyce McCormick, Becky Walker
Ocaina tsoonhñ..o; goon tsõõʔɲ:o; gõõ unknown loan or onomatopoeia? See Language page Leslie Smith, Sarah Kuntz, PLE
Nɨpode Witoto dʒidʒó-de, moní-de, mugú-de dʒidʒó-dɛ, moní-dɛ, mugú-dɛ See Language page Leslie Smith, Sarah Kuntz
Minica Witoto hanó-de, čičo-de, dʒibá-de hanó-dɛ, čičo-dɛ, dʒibá-dɛ See Language page Leslie Smith, Sarah Kuntz
Murui Witoto jarode (rapidamente), jaconote (lentamente), dʒiba-de (fruit) harodɛ (rapidamɛntɛ), hakonotɛ (lɛntamɛntɛ), dʒiba-dɛ (fruit) (B83) inheritance/Witoto See Language page Leslie Smith, Sarah Kuntz, PLE
Iquito sipɨɨni sipɨɨni inheritance See Language page Cynthia Hansen
Záparo sup+nu supɨnu See Language page Becky Walker
Wari šok; šak ʃok; ʃak See Language page PLE Respectively: 'to nurse; to suck (e.g., candy)'.
Araona bibi See Language page PLE Means to suck sugar cane. To suckle/nurse is soso-a.
Ese Ejja toxo-iši-; toxo- inheritance See Language page PLE
Ese Ejja/Huarayo bibi-kwe; iši- (Girard 1971) bibi-kwe; iši- See Language page Joyce McCormick
Tacana čočo-ke; ðibi- See Language page PLE The latter refers to sucking an object, such as an orange.
Cavineña soso-ya; sobi-ya; c̷eo-ya; robi-ya; soso-soso-ya (The latter two, robi-ya and soso-soso-ya, specifically mean "suckle") soso-ya; sobi-ya; čeo-ya; robi-ya; soso-soso-ya inheritance See Language page Joyce McCormick, Becky Walker
Central Aymara ch´amsuña čˀamu-ɲa See Language page PLE
Cayuvava kɨmɨ; kɨmɨ-ru See Language page PLE The latter is 'to suckle'.
Kwazá kunũ-, ñũñũ- ('suckle) kunũ-, ñũñũ- ('suckle) See Language page Joyce McCormick
Mosetén-Chimané c̷iʔ'yi See Language page Joyce McCormick, PLE
Movima čulum-na tʃulum-na See Language page Anissa Capuccino, Becky Walker
Trumai (ha) xom; (ha) xopla (ha) xom; (ha) xopla unique See Language page Rebekah L. Evans, PLE
Kaingang ũnh ũnh he (onomatopoeia?) ʔũɲ-ʔũɲ he; ũɲ ũɲ hɛ; kãhun See Language page PLE
Canela ree; c̷wa See Language page PLE Latter form also means 'bathe' 04.690. *Jê form is *re; rer.
Suyá kasosóyo kasosójo See Language page Rebekah Evans
Karajá tɔ See Language page PLE
Djeoromitxi u u See Language page PLE
Chipaya itš See Language page PLE To suckle is tˀit-š.
Mocoví n-ḳoʔgoʁo-git See Language page PLE Lit. '3p actor-suck-coming towards'.
Pilagá ne-kʔowoḳ See Language page PLE Cf. 'kiss' 16.290.
Toba n-apigoḳ; lʸip See Language page PLE The first form also means 'kiss' 16.290.
Lengua #NAME? See Language page PLE
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité ankatakponki yimin See Language page PLE Means to suck up water.
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet nempetsesma See Language page PLE
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay hi'c̷ehi See Language page PLE
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja -c̷oweʔ ~ -c̷yuweʔ See Language page PLE
Maca -tufix ~ -ɬufix See Language page PLE
Nivaclé -fin-čˀe; -fin-šam suck; suck https://ids.clld.org/ PLE
Ayoreo u'kuʔ See Language page PLE Lit. 'nurse (suck milk). To s. honey or a liquid is i'peseʔ; u'muna (05.480); 'one that sucks much' is are'ko-n̥ai; are'ko-n̥a. See 'sexual intercourse' 04.670; 'prostitute' 19.720.
Mapudungun fočiθɨ See Language page PLE Ranquel form is voči- ~ woči-.
Qawasqar c̷eptsas See Language page PLE Also Ag records c̷afakso. Bo records c̷afala for Central QWS. Cf. 'drink' 05.130.
Selknam čètˀe-r See Language page PLE Cf. 'breast' 04.410.
Lokono soroton soɾoton suck Pet 1987:373 Camille Unger
Kariña susùka susuhka slurp, suck Courtz 2007:373 Camille Unger