| Cahuilla |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Cupeño |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Luiseño |
wixét, wixee7et |
|
song word, canoe made of tules, balsa raft |
semantic shift |
*woNko |
Uto-Aztecan |
|
|
|
PUA 'pine tree', but I wonder if this is a distinct etymon?? Makes no sense (the sewn plank canoe is the BIG wixet (pawxit) |
|
|
|
Elliott 1999 |
| Gabrielino |
tah-rīng-hah |
tara:ynxa' (H 572 'horqueta') |
boat (bundle of tules) |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
simplex |
|
|
Merriam 49:103 |
| Serrano |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
other complex |
|
|
|
| Kitanemuk |
kwiyáxt |
|
boat, tunamijam made them of tule at Buena Vista Lake |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
perhaps loan? Odd stress. Merriam hi-ēts-ko-mah-nits boat from bundle of tules 48:101 This is NOT the Yawelmani, Yawdanchi word %owon |
other complex |
|
|
Anderton 1988 |
| Tübatulabal |
nīht |
|
tule raft |
loan |
|
|
Southern Sierra Miwok |
WW |
%nuh |
perhaps loan, note Proto-Wintun *nuh, loaned into Maidu, Yuki -- might have reached Tub through Sierra Miwok but I don't have any words for tule raft from Eastern Miwok. Lake Miwok has this etyma set |
other complex |
|
|
K. Hill Tub>Eng |
| Bankalachi Toloim |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Kawaiisu |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Chemehuevi |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Southern Paiute |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Southern Ute |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Tümpisa Shoshone |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Big Smokey Valley Shoshone |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Comanche |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Western Mono |
awOnno |
|
boat, raft |
inheritance |
*akwo |
Numic |
|
|
|
Stubbs 2011 1717; could be loan from Yokuts owon??? |
derived |
|
|
Loether & Bethel 1993 |
| Northern Paiute |
sah'-ke,să-ke |
|
tule mat or raft |
inheritance |
*saCki |
Numic |
|
|
|
saisaki 'tule raft' Liljeblad et al. 2012: |
simplex |
|
|
Merriam 46:363 |
| Southern Sierra Miwok |
wo:te- |
|
boat |
loan |
|
|
Spanish |
WW |
%bote |
|
simplex |
|
|
Broadbent 1964 |
| Central Sierra Miwok |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Northern Sierra Miwok |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Plains Miwok |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Lake Miwok |
nuuh |
|
boat |
loan |
|
|
Hill Patwin |
WW |
%nuh |
Note Proto-Wintun *nuh 'boat' (Shepherd 2006:134); see also Callaghan 2001:322 |
simplex |
|
|
Callaghan 1965 |
| Maidu |
neum (nŭm) |
|
raft |
loan |
|
|
Wintu |
WW |
%nuh |
note Proto-Wintun *nuh (Shepherd 2006:134); noted by Callagan 2001:322 as resemblant seeming to suggest a "Penutian" cognate??? Also Konkow ny: 'raft' (Ultan 1967:16) |
simplex |
|
|
Merriam 41:353 |
| Nisenan |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Yokuts Yawelmani |
7owon |
|
boat (bundle of tules) |
inheritance |
*7ow'in (?) |
Proto-Yokutsan |
|
|
|
Callaghan 2001:322; also oo-loi Merriam 44:529 (there are 2 types -- one where man sits, other for shallow water where he pushes it ahead) |
other complex |
vowelharmony shows derivation has occurred |
|
Harrington |
| Yokuts Yawdanchi |
owon |
|
tule boat |
inheritance |
*7ow'in (?) |
Proto-Yokuts |
|
|
|
Callaghan 2001:322 |
derived |
vowel harmony shows derivation |
|
Kroeber 1907 |
| Yokuts Palewyami |
o'won |
|
boat |
inheritance |
|
Proto-Yokutsan |
|
|
|
|
derived |
vowel harmony shows derivation |
|
Kroeber 1962 |
| Washo |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Wintu |
nuh-doli |
|
raft (?-tied) |
loan into protolanguage |
*nuh 'boat' |
Proto-Wintun |
Miwokan |
WW |
%nuh |
Shepherd 2006:134;Callaghan 2001:322 notes matches Maidu nö |
compound |
|
|
Schlichter 1981 |
| Yuki |
7u:TA:, 7u:Tahol' |
|
boat, raft |
unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
|
simplex |
|
|
Sawyer & Schlichter 1984 |
| Wappo |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Mutsun |
o/-wan |
|
canoe |
loan |
|
|
Yokuts |
|
|
Callaghan 2001 (unless Yok-Utian? More likely loan) |
simplex |
|
|
Henshaw (Heizer 1955) |
| Esselen |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Salinan A |
To/wi'i |
|
boat, raft |
loan into protolanguage |
|
|
Yokuts |
|
|
proto-Yokutsan loan into Proto-Salinan |
other complex |
|
|
Mason 1918 |
| Salinan M |
tuwipe/ |
|
boat, raft |
unknown |
|
Proto-Salinan |
|
|
|
|
simplex |
|
|
Mason 1918 |
| Chumash Obispeno |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Chumash Ineseno |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Chumash Barbareno |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Chumash Ventureno |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Iipay 'Aa |
kutuuyaalp |
|
boat (Lit. that which floats, is carried by the water) |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
derived |
agentive ku- |
|
Couro & Hutcheson 1973 |
| Cocopa |
ku:páp |
|
raft (made of tule or bullrushes) |
unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
|
derived |
|
|
Crawford 1989 |
| Mojave |
kiikwily |
|
raft |
unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
|
derived |
|
|
Munro et al. 1992 |
| Yavapai |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Kiliwa |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Seri (Comcaac) |
hascám |
|
reed boat, balsa |
unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
|
simplex |
|
|
Moser & Marlett 2005 |
