| Bankalachi Toloim |
Oreortyx pictus |
tror'-nŏ |
|
Mountain quail (Oreortyx pictus) |
loan |
|
|
Yokuts |
Tinlinne Yokuts trop'-naw; Yowlumne trōp'-nă; trōp'-no |
|
|
same |
unknown |
|
|
|
|
C. H. Merriam 72-77, 60-455 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Big Smokey Valley Shoshone |
Oreortyx pictus |
too'-wit-tă (RM) |
|
Mountain Quail (Oreortyx) |
inheritance |
|
Numic |
|
Southern Paiute (Amargosa) too-wit; might be areal, Numic dubious if not found elsewhere; could it be related to Walker Lake and Tumpisa Shoshone tu'uk, tu:k forms??? |
|
|
same |
underived |
|
|
|
|
Merriam 61:41 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Cahuilla |
Oreortyx pictus |
xáwet |
ˈxawet |
mountain quail |
inheritance |
*kakaC- |
Uto-Aztecan |
|
S1702a (Stubbs 2009:241); 1702b is a different word, a Californianism. Proto-form does not include augmentative suffix |
|
|
same |
derived |
Merriam consistently for all dialects gives this as káxa-wet “quail-augmentative”. S&H's form is a clipping. |
-7aʃ “pet” |
Possessive classifier -7aʃ |
wikikmal |
Seiler&Hioki 1979:245 |
no info |
2 |
|
1 |
yum yum |
no info |
|
hunted |
All |
roasted, stewed, eggs eaten |
0 |
|
0 |
|
US west of Rockies and Baja California |
Chaparral |
no |
|
|
|
| Central Sierra Miwok |
Oreortyx pictus |
kúj:ak:a- |
|
mountain quail |
inheritance |
|
Eastern Miwokan |
|
In all Mis, Mip |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
Freeland & Broadbent 1960 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Chemehuevi |
Oreortyx pictus |
tahr' |
taarA |
Mountain quail (Oreortyx) |
unique |
|
|
|
probably a loan, forms with tata(ka) very common in California. Means “Valley Quail” in Kawaiisu |
|
|
same |
underived |
< taata |
|
|
|
Merriam 59:527 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Chumash Barbareno |
Oreortyx pictus |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Chumash Ineseno |
Oreortyx pictus |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Chumash Obispeno |
Oreortyx pictus |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Chumash Ventureno |
Oreortyx pictus |
7üxüi7iXenti |
|
codorniz |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
phrase |
a real mystery word |
|
|
|
JPH III:69:008a from FL |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Cocopa |
Oreortyx pictus |
kuka·k |
|
Gambel quail |
loan |
|
|
Takic |
widespread kaka, kakata, takata, etc. forms in California |
WW |
%kaka |
same |
underived |
reduced from xmàkuka·k (xma “chicken”)_ |
|
|
|
Crawford 1989 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Comanche |
Oreortyx pictus |
kuyúutsi |
|
quail |
inheritance |
*kuyu(...) |
Northern Uto-Aztecan |
|
Stubbs 2358 (2008;316), “turkey”, perhaps a loan into Numic from Hopi??? But pretty good corresp. |
|
|
broader (any old quail) |
other complex |
has -tsi, probably in this case DIM from kuyu?ni “turkey” |
|
|
|
Robinson & Armagost 1990:163 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Cupeño |
Oreortyx pictus |
kaxawet |
kaˈxawət |
mountain quail |
inheritance |
*kakaC- |
Uto-Aztecan |
|
S1702a (Stubbs 2009:241); 1702b is a different word, a Californianism. Proto-form does not include augmentative suffix |
WW |
%kaka |
same |
derived |
kaˈxa-wə-t valley.quail-augmentative-npn |
-ʔaʃ "pet" |
possessive classifier for animals |
mukikmal |
Hill & Nolasquez 1973:158 |
no info |
2 |
|
1 |
|
no info |
|
hunted |
men |
roasted, stewed, eggs eaten |
0 |
|
0 |
|
US west of Rockies and Baja California |
chaparral |
no |
|
|
|
| Esselen |
Oreortyx pictus |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Gabrielino |
Oreortyx pictus |
kakawt |
kaˈkawt |
codorniz de la sierra |
inheritance |
*kakaC |
Uto-Aztecan |
|
S1702a (Stubbs 2009:241); 1702b is a different word, a Californianism. The augmentative formation is Californian. |
WW |
%kaka |
same |
derived |
kaˈka-w-t quail-augmentative-npn |
-ʔaʧ “pet” |
possessive classifier for animals |
chi:ya |
Harrington 032 |
no info |
2 |
quail topknots for wands |
1 |
all birds eaten (McC 116) |
no info |
|
hunted |
men |
roasted |
0 |
|
0 |
|
US west of Rockies and Baja California |
Chaparral |
no |
|
|
|
| Iipay 'Aa |
Oreortyx pictus |
hamamull |
|
mountain quail |
unique |
|
|
|
Is hama from ahma (or vice versa?) |
|
|
same |
underived |
|
|
|
|
Couro & Hutcheson 1973 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Kawaiisu |
Oreortyx pictus |
tɨvi-ži-daara |
|
mountain quail |
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
same |
phrase |
tɨvi-ži- “wolf-ABS taara “(valley) quail” |
|
|
|
Zigmond et al. |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Kiliwa |
Oreortyx pictus |
xmmil |
|
California quail Lophortyx californucus |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
same |
underived |
|
|
|
|
Mixco 1985 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Kitanemuk |
Oreortyx pictus |
kakawt |
ˈkakawt |
mountain quail |
inheritance |
*kacaC |
Uto-Aztecan |
|
S1702a (Stubbs 2009:241); 1702b is a different word, a Californianism. The augmentative formation is Californian. |
WW |
%kaka |
same |
derived |
ˈkaka-w-t quail-augmentative-npn (I would have expected kakaɨt; /w/ form is from Zigmond |
-ʔacit "pet" |
possessive classifier for animals |
wicitat |
Anderton 1988:341 from Zigmond |
no info |
2 |
topknots decorate ritual regalia |
1 |
|
no info |
|
hunted |
men |
roasted, boiled, eggs eaten |
0 |
|
0 |
|
US west of Rockies and Baja California |
chaparral |
no |
|
|
|
| Lake Miwok |
Oreortyx pictus |
tsōl-tsōl |
|
mountain quail; |
loan |
|
|
Hill Patwin |
Proto-Wintun *čHol “mountain” and *čHolčHol “mountain quail” (Shepherd 2005:74) |
|
|
|
reduplicated |
|
|
|
|
Merriam 57:519 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Luiseño |
Oreortyx pictus |
qaxáawut |
qaʹxa:wut |
Southern mountain quail |
inheritance |
*kakaC- |
Uto-Aztecan |
|
S1702a (Stubbs 2009:241); 1702b is a different word, a Californianism. |
WW |
%kaka |
same |
derived |
qaʹxa:-wu-t quail-augmentative-non.possessed.noun |
-ʔaʃ "pet" |
possessive classifier; NPN form of noun is ʔaʃla |
7ehéngmal |
Elliott 1999: 798 |
no info |
2 |
couplet qaxáal, qaxáawut; cut their hair in mourning for Wuyot (Harrington 1978:121) |
1 |
meat and eggs too |
no info |
|
hunted |
men |
broiling on coals (Sparkman 1908:199) |
0 |
|
0 |
|
US west of Rockies and Baja California |
Chaparral |
no |
|
|
|
| Maidu |
Oreortyx pictus |
júhju |
|
California quail (CHM says is mountain quail) |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
Shipley 1963 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Mojave |
Oreortyx pictus |
missing |
|
quail |
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
Munro et al.1992 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Mutsun |
Oreortyx pictus |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Nisenan |
Oreortyx pictus |
hōl'-up |
|
mountain quail |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
Merriam 57:233 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Northern Paiute |
Oreortyx pictus |
took-tah; too'-hoo-tah |
|
Mountain quail (Oreortyx) |
loan |
|
|
Gabrielino |
direction unknown, note Tumpisa Shoshone tu'ukwittan |
|
|
same |
underived |
might have -tɨ nominalizer but impossible to tell from CHM's transcription |
|
|
|
Merriam 61:139 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Northern Sierra Miwok |
Oreortyx pictus |
kuj:ak:a- |
|
mountain quail |
inheritance |
|
Eastern Miwokan |
|
In all Mis, MIP |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
Callaghan 1987 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Plains Miwok |
Oreortyx pictus |
kuj:ak:a-, kuj:ahka- ? |
|
mountain quail |
inheritance |
|
Eastern Miwokan |
|
In all Mis |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
Callaghan 1984 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Salinan A |
Oreortyx pictus |
k'a:yá:k (Harrington); ka:yák' (Jacobsen) |
|
mountain quail |
unique |
|
Salinan |
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
Merriam 55:371; Turner 1980:81 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Salinan M |
Oreortyx pictus |
k'aiyák< |
|
mountain-quail (Merriam confirms) |
unique |
|
Salinan |
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
Mason 1918:123 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Seri (Comcaac) |
Oreortyx pictus |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Serrano |
Oreortyx pictus |
ki'-itch kah-kah'-tah, kah-kowt' |
qai:c kaka:ta7 |
mountain quail |
inheritance |
*kacaC |
Uto-Aztecan |
|
second element is Stubbs 1702a (2009:241); this is a neologism/loan-translation; qai:c “mountain” |
WW |
%kaka |
|
phrase |
mountain quail |
|
|
|
Merriam 72:27, 60-101 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Southern Paiute |
Oreortyx pictus |
too'-wit A |
|
Mountain quail (Oreortyx pictus) |
inheritance |
|
Numic |
|
Also in Merriam's Round Mountain Shoshoni (61:41), although perhaps a loan. Note N. Paiute took-tah; too'-hoo-tah |
|
|
same |
underived |
|
|
|
|
Merriam 59:463 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Southern Sierra Miwok |
Oreortyx pictus |
kuj:ak-:a; |
|
Mountain quail |
inheritance |
|
Eastern Miwokan |
|
In all Mis, MIP |
|
|
|
other complex |
-:a theme |
|
|
|
Broadbent 1964: |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Southern Ute |
Oreortyx pictus |
yúaa-qA-qxáarų-cI |
|
quail |
unique |
|
|
|
|
WW |
%kaka |
broader (probably includes several kinds of quail) |
phrase |
plains-ABS-chicken (lit.runner) - ABS |
|
|
|
Givon 1979 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Tübatulabal |
Oreortyx pictus |
tūkt |
ˈtu:kt |
mountain quail |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
same |
other complex |
ˈtu:k-t mountain.quail-npn |
|
|
chikkīt |
Hill 2010:93 |
no info |
2 |
topknots in feather wand carried at burning |
1 |
|
no info |
|
hunted |
men |
roasted on coals, bones ground (some consultants denied Tub. ate eggs before Whites) |
0 |
|
0 |
|
US west of Rockies and Baja California |
chaparral |
no |
|
|
|
| Tümpisa Shoshone |
Oreortyx pictus |
tu'ukwittan |
|
mountain quail |
loan |
|
|
Gabrielino |
direction unknown, see Walker River N. Paiute took-tah; too'-hoo-tah |
|
|
same |
underived |
tu'ukwittan; this must have some morphology but Dayley offers no clues |
|
|
|
Dayley 1989:312 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Wappo |
Oreortyx pictus |
tsah'-tsah |
|
mountain quail |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
reduplicated |
|
|
|
|
Merriam 52:569 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Washo |
Oreortyx pictus |
mádomáti7 |
|
Mountain quail |
loan |
|
|
Northern Sierra Miwok |
-mati7 looks like the Sierra Miwok "creature" word, may be a loan; I am coding loan sources throughout as Mins, might be Proto-Mis but impossible to tell since Washo is isolate |
|
|
|
phrase |
I'm guessing -mati7 is Miwok “creature word so mado- must mean something |
|
|
|
Merriam 55:303; WPD |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Western Mono |
Oreortyx pictus |
tsipitI |
|
Mountain quail |
loan |
|
|
Yokuts |
Proto-NimYokuts *T'iphith “mountain quail” (Golla 1964:64) (T is retroflex t) |
|
|
same |
underived |
|
|
|
tsiipa “bird” |
Bethel et al. |
no info |
2 |
|
1 |
everybody ate Gayton 2:224 |
no info |
|
hunted |
men |
no info |
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Wintu |
Oreortyx pictus |
č'olč'oL |
|
mountain quail (CHM confirms 56:7) |
inheritance |
*čHolčHol |
Wintun |
|
Shepherd 2005 |
|
|
|
reduplicated |
č'ol (also root in sound word); čHoL “mountain” |
|
|
|
Schlichter 1981 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Yavapai |
Oreortyx pictus |
ɂhmá |
|
quail |
inheritance |
|
Proto-Yuman |
|
Langdon 1976:871 Metath |
|
|
|
unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Yokuts Palewyami |
Oreortyx pictus |
humŋol |
|
quail (this is Merriam's “mountain quail”, Lophortyx) but Kroeber's “quail” |
semantic shift |
*humn-ul |
Yokutsan |
|
Golla 1964:64; Gamble considers the /ng/ to be perhaps sign of UA influence |
WW |
%hum |
same |
underived |
|
|
|
|
Gamble 1991 (from Harrington) |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Yokuts Yawdanchi |
Oreortyx pictus |
Tipdi |
|
mountain quail (Merriam confirms Mountain quail 58:363) |
inheritance |
*T'iphith |
Yokutsan |
|
Golla 1964:60 |
|
|
same |
underived |
|
|
|
|
Kroeber 1961:203 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Yokuts Yowlumne |
Oreortyx pictus |
Topno, T'opno' |
|
mountain quail (Merriam confirms) |
inheritance |
*T'iphith |
Yokutsan |
|
Golla 1964:64 includes this form with (?) |
|
|
same |
underived |
|
|
|
|
Kroeber 1961:203 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Yuki |
Oreortyx pictus |
kawk'-kĕ MWO, kaNk Cs |
|
mountain quail |
unique |
|
|
|
looks like regional kakata, etc. forms; Pomoan *xaqa:qa (McLendon 1973:86 |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
Sawyer & Schlichter 1984 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Yuma |
Oreortyx pictus |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
