Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

shell (generic)

Semantic Field
flora-fauna
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
Meaning Portuguese

Languages

Language Linnean Name Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Etymology Notes Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Range of Term Word Structure Word Structure Notes Classifier Classifier Notes Hypernym Source Association with Social Categories Ritual/Mythologically Significant Ritual Notes Food Source Food Notes Medicinal Medicinal Notes How Collected Who Collects How Prepared Psychotropic Psychotropic Notes Traded Trade Notes Distribution Habitat Dangerous Ethnobiology Notes Species Notes General Notes
Bardi gaanyji gaanyji inheritance semantic change < bone underived 0 1 0 0 1 no
Burarra missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 1 no
Dhangu ŋaraka ŋaraka inheritance simplex 0 1 0 0 1 no
Dhay’yi ḻuthuḻuthu rluthurluthu semantic shift reduplicated 0 1 0 0 1 no
Dhuwal ŋaraka ḻudhuḻudhu semantic shift reduplicated 0 1 0 0 1 no
Djapu ŋaraka inheritance 0 1 0 0 1
Djinang missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 1 no
Gajirrabeng gelalang kelalang loan Ngarinyin underived 0 1 0 0 1 no
Gooniyandi jaddja jaddja unknown underived 0 1 0 0 1 no
Gumatj ŋaraka ŋaraka inheritance cf Gupapuyungu “ŋarakalam(a)” to find or collect underived 0 1 0 0 1 no
Gupapuyngu ŋaraka lhudhulhudhu semantic shift reduplicated 0 1 0 0 1 no
Gurindji kawuŋ kawuŋ unknown underived 0 1 0 0 1 no
Guugu Yimidhirr mugu mugu shell (also back, seed, roof, keel, ...) semantic shift *muku pPama-Nyungan Probably originally 'bone'; many reflexes are 'back', 'knee', 'shin'. underived 0 1 0 0 1 no
Jingulu liyirru liyirru unknown underived 0 1 0 0 1 no
Karajarri ŋadjimana ŋadjimana unique underived 0 1 0 0 1 no
Kija parlilmal parlilmal unique underived 0 1 0 0 1 no
Koko-Bera WARNYÉL WARÑÉL SHELL unique simplex ?
Kuku-Thaypan missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 1 no
Kuku-Yalanji bungun bungun unique underived 0 1 0 0 1 no
Kurtjar rreem & woyong rreem & woyong unique underived 0 1 0 0 1 no
Kuuk Thaayorre missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 1 no
Mbabaram missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 1 no
Miriwung rumbeng rumbeng unknown underived 0 1 0 0 1 no
Ngandi missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 1 no
Ngarinyin gunandyi gunandyi doubtful loan proto-Worrorran looks suspiciously much like a Worrorra word [this looks like the 'echidna' word in Jarragn etc which could be from 'shell' etc WW %kinanytyi uncoded 0 1 0 0 1 no
Ngarluma pirrapirra pirrapirra loan with meaning change 0 1 0 0 1
Ngumbarl goarn, reejee, banmungo, derdel gabbooga goarn, reejee, banmungo, derdel gabbooga inheritance underived 0 1 0 0 1 no
Nimanburru yambol yambol semantic shift cf Bardi ambool baler underived 0 1 0 0 1 no
Nyangumarta pinka pinka unique underived 0 1 0 0 1 no
Nyikina dilarr XXngl cf Bardi 'make a short and light sound' dilarr XXngl cf Bardi 'make a short and light sound' inheritance underived 0 1 0 0 1 no
Nyulnyul giinyj giinyj inheritance underived 0 1 0 0 1 no
Pakanh missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 1 no
Rembarrnga missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 1 no
Ritharrngu ŋaraka ŋaraka inheritance simplex 0 1 0 0 1 no
Tjaapukay biga pika shell (generic) unique Note forms /pika(ñ)/ in Maric lgs meaning 'fingernail' underived 0 1 0 0 1 no
Uw-Olkol albmul albmul shell unique a freshwater variety but can be used as a generic for shells and as such in generic-specific compounds, such as albmul ul (a saltwater variety) underived 0 1 0 0 1 no
Uw-Oykangand albmul albmul shell unique a freshwater variety but can be used as a generic for shells and as such in generic-specific compounds, such as albmul ul (a saltwater variety) underived 0 1 0 0 1 no
Walmajarri pinyjapinyja pinyjapinyja loan Nyulnyulan cf, Gooniyandi pintyawinytya 'pearl shell' reduplicated 0 1 0 0 1 no
Warlpiri kurta kurta inheritance kurta Ngumpin-Yapa skin, hide (of animal), integument, membrane, shell'; cf. karlingamparrpa 'eggshell' underived 0 1 0 0 1 no
Wik Ngathan missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 1 no
Yan-nhangu dungurrŋani ngaraka inheritance simplex 0 1 0 0 1 no
Yawuru dyidya dyidya unique underived 0 1 0 0 1 no
Yidiny bini:rr (T&C; <binirrI>) bini:rr (T&C; <binirrI>) unique underived 0 1 0 0 1 no
Yir-Yoront missing missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 1 no