Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

Amazon dolphin

Semantic Field
flora-fauna
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
bufeo, delfín, tonina (del Orinoco)
Meaning Portuguese
boto cor-de-rosa

Languages

Language Linnean Name Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Etymology Notes Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Range of Term Word Structure Word Structure Notes Classifier Classifier Notes Hypernym Source Association with Social Categories Ritual/Mythologically Significant Ritual Notes Food Source Food Notes Medicinal Medicinal Notes How Collected Who Collects How Prepared Psychotropic Psychotropic Notes Traded Trade Notes Distribution Habitat Dangerous Ethnobiology Notes Species Notes General Notes Created By
Baniwa Inia geoffrensis amána amána doubtful loan (into protolg?) - WW Central North Arawak Ramirez reconstructs; cf. other Arawak source loans for dolphin uncoded See Language page 1 0 0 0 0 Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls no Ana Paula B., Aimee Lawrence
Dâw Inia geoffrensis mãn [cinza, rosa] mãn loan - WW missing See Language page 1 0 0 0 0 Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls no Ana Paula B., Pattie Epps
Eñepa Inia geoffrensis muuna, ariñu'na muuna, ariɲuʔna loan Attested Eñepa and Yabarana North Arawak (Warekena, Yavitero) Yavitero múna, see also Arawak amana variants? Also ariɲuʔna WW %amana See Language page 1 0 0 0 0 Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls no Melody Ann Ross
Waorani Inia geoffrensis gæyæ-keo 'fish-?' unique uncoded See Language page 1 0 0 0 0 Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls no Amanda Meeks
Hup Inia geoffrensis tǎy tǎj unique underived See Language page 1 but high mythological significance 0 0 0 0 Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls no Pattie Epps
Nheengatu Inia geoffrensis pirá yawara ('fish-jaguar') pirá jawara ('fish-jaguar') unique Compound fish feline/jaguar' See Language page 1 0 0 0 0 Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls no John Blaha, Lauren Franklin
Maihiki Inia geoffrensis bɨbɨ ago bɨbɨ ago unique uncoded ago ago = feminine animate See Language page 1 0 0 0 0 Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls no Daniel Valle
Resígaro Inia geoffrensis hamaánú hamaánú doubtful loan (into protolg?) - WW Central North Arawak Ramirez reconstructs; cf. other Arawak source loans for dolphin uncoded See Language page 1 0 0 0 0 Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls no Ana Paula B.
Sikuani Inia geoffrensis panabë (rk83) inheritance uncoded See Language page 1 0 0 0 0 Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls no Amanda Meeks
Tariana Inia geoffrensis amána amána doubtful loan (into protolg?) - WW Central North Arawak Ramirez reconstructs; cf. other Arawak source loans for dolphin uncoded See Language page 1 0 0 0 0 Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls no Ana Paula B.
Tukano Inia geoffrensis akó-puti-sité-ro [water-blow-scatter-NMZ] akó-puti-sitéro inheritance or calque? Shared at least between Tuyuca, Tukano, Wanano, who all intermarry relative clause water-blow-scatter-NMZ See Language page 1 0 0 0 0 Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls no Ana Paula, Amanda Novak, Aimee Lawrence
Kotiria Inia geoffrensis co puti sitero (Waltz) ko puti siteɾo (Waltz) inheritance or calque? Shared at least between Tuyuca, Tukano, Wanano, who all intermarry relative clause water-blow-scatter-NMZ See Language page 1 0 0 0 0 Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls no Amanda Meeks
Wapishana Inia geoffrensis pʰuuwa pʰuuwa unknown See Language page 1 0 0 0 0 Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls no Ana Paula B.
Yanomami Inia geoffrensis torina toɾina unique underived See Language page 1 0 0 0 0 Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls no Kelsey Neely
Yukuna Inia geoffrensis jamaná kerani (jamaná 'dolphin', kerani 'red' ), pirarihuara (R95) hamaná keɾani doubtful loan (into protolg?) - WW Central North Arawak Ramirez reconstructs; cf. other Arawak source loans for dolphin Also jamaná kerani (jamaná 'dolphin', kerani 'red'), pirarihuara (R95) uncoded See Language page 1 0 0 0 0 Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls no Ana Paula B., Aimee L., PLE
Achagua Inia geoffrensis múuja múuja inheritance See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Ana Paula B., Aimee Lawrence, PLE
Piapoco Inia geoffrensis múya (rk83) See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Ana Paula B., PLE
Kabiyari Inia geoffrensis ámana ámana See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Ana Paula B., Aimee Lawrence, PLE
Yavitero Inia geoffrensis múna múna See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Ana Paula B., PLE
Wayuu Inia geoffrensis hiotsa See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls PLE
Yine Inia geoffrensis pes-ľɨ See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Also seroxripiro. *Piro-Apuriná form is *pe'so-lV. PLE
Baure Inia geoffrensis howe howe unknown See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Anissa Capuccino
Cha'palaa Inia geoffrensis ['ku'Φeu] See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls From Span. 'bufeo'. PLE
Bora Inia geoffrensis ámánaá (T98) ámánaá (T98) loan (into protolg?), direction unknown - WW See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Leslie Smith, Sarah Kuntz, Aimee Lawrence, PLE
Muinane Inia geoffrensis jámana (W97) xámana See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Leslie Smith, Sarah Kuntz, Aimee Lawrence, PLE
Mapoyo Inia geoffrensis tuna yumu (father of the water; tuna=water, yumu=father) tuna yumu (father of the water; tuna=water, yumu=father) See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Melody Ann Ross
Waimiri Atroari Inia geoffrensis amana amana See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Melody Ann Ross, PLE
Yabarana Inia geoffrensis muna See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Ana Paula B., John Blaha
Yukpa Inia geoffrensis jape hape See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Phon only in source Ana Paula B., Melody Ann Ross, Aimee Lawrence
Epena Inia geoffrensis tʰũ See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls PLE
Cuiva Inia geoffrensis pánabʉ tonina Kondo 1983:119 Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Rebecca Khorram, Amanda Meeks
Cofán Inia geoffrensis fanjan See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS Daniel Valle, Aimee Lawrence
Candoshi-Shapra Inia geoffrensis kavisha kabiʃa unique See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Daniel Valle
Taushiro Inia geoffrensis unva´ja unwaʔxa See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Daniel Valle
Tikuna Inia geoffrensis ó-matchá (Alv44); omã/sha (R95) omatʃa unique See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Daniel Valle, Zach Burnett, PLE
Andoke Inia geoffrensis amana amana loan - WW See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Kelsey Neely, PLE
Pumé Inia geoffrensis oɛbi See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Paulina Franco, PLE
Puinave Inia geoffrensis moya moja loan Arawak: Piapoco/Achagua múja See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Daniel Valle, Zach Burnett
Ashuar Inia geoffrensis apúup apu:p See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Daniel Valle
Huambisa Inia geoffrensis apuup apu:p See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Daniel Valle
Aguaruna Inia geoffrensis apuúpu apu:pu inheritance See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Daniel Valle
Nadëb/Roçado dialect Inia geoffrensis hajaar unknown See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Ana Paula B., Pattie Epps
Matses Inia geoffrensis chishcan tʃiʃkan unknown See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Daniel Valle, Becky Walker
Katukina Inia geoffrensis kočo See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls PLE
Yaminahua Inia geoffrensis ɨnɨ naβa; ɨnɨ šino See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Latter also means 'wolf' 03.710. PLE
Chácobo Inia geoffrensis hɨnɨno (generic porpoise/dolphin) hɨnɨno (generic porpoise/dolphin) unknown See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Joyce McCormick
Yagua Inia geoffrensis jadatu xãndatu unique See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Daniel Valle
Napo Lowland Quichua Inia geoffrensis bugyu bugju See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Daniel Valle
Piaroa Inia geoffrensis muñé, muje (R95) muñé, muje (R95) loan Arawak, e.g. Piapoco/Achagua múja See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Paulina Franco, Becky Walker
Tuyuka Inia geoffrensis o'ko-puti-bate-gɨ oʔko-puti-bate-gɨ See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls D. Jagannathan, Paulina Franco, Ana Paula B.
Siona Inia geoffrensis güise gise unique See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Daniel Valle, Aimee Lawrence
Secoya Inia geoffrensis de'ocohua'i (de'o - water, hua'i- fish/meat) dɛ'ɔkɔwaʔi See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Amanda Meeks
Kokama Inia geoffrensis ipirahuira (lit "fish-penis"?) piɾawiɾa unique See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Zach Burnett, Daniel Valle
Wayampi Inia geoffrensis -- -- missing See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls PLE
Sirionó Inia geoffrensis sɨrabu (P85) sɨrabu unknown See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Joyce McCormick, Becky Walker
Ocaina Inia geoffrensis am̈áánu am̵ã́ã́ɯ loan - WW See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Leslie Smith, Sarah Kuntz, Aimee Lawrence, PLE
Murui Witoto Inia geoffrensis amana amana (B83) loan - WW See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Leslie Smith, Sarah Kuntz, PLE
Iquito Inia geoffrensis aána aána loan - WW See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Cjnthia Hansen
Wari Inia geoffrensis kahaw (Sousa2009) kahaw (Sousa2009) See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls PLE
Ese Ejja/Huarayo Inia geoffrensis hai-saoxe (Girard 1971) hai-saoxe See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Joyce McCormick
Cavineña Inia geoffrensis jae atsuquique (C&L89) hae atsukike See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Joyce McCormick, Becky Walker
Itonama Inia geoffrensis u-pus See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls PLE
Mosetén-Chimané Inia geoffrensis xebaba-'dʸe See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Refers to river dolphin, 'bufeo'. Joyce McCormick, PLE
Movima Inia geoffrensis pah-ʔi pax-ʔi See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Anissa Capuccino, Becky Walker
Djeoromitxi Inia geoffrensis eitxi eitʃi See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls PLE
Toba Inia geoffrensis -- See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls PLE
Lengua Inia geoffrensis -- See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls PLE
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet Inia geoffrensis -- See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls PLE
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja Inia geoffrensis -- See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls PLE
Maca Inia geoffrensis -- See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls PLE
Qawasqar Inia geoffrensis saḳstar See Language page Downstream of major rapids and waterfalls Bo records saktar for Central QWS. SpS records saktal for South QWS. PLE