| Cahuilla |
yes |
|
|
Jane Hill |
|
|
|
| Cupeño |
yes |
|
|
Jane Hill |
|
|
|
| Luiseño |
no |
|
|
Jane Hill |
|
|
|
| Serrano |
no |
|
|
Jane Hill |
|
|
|
| Kitanemuk |
no |
|
|
Jane Hill |
|
|
|
| Kawaiisu |
yes |
|
|
Jane Hill |
|
|
|
| Timbisha |
no |
|
|
Jane Hill |
|
|
|
| Western Mono |
yes |
|
|
Jane Hill |
|
|
|
| Chemehuevi |
no |
|
|
Jane Hill |
|
|
|
| Southern Paiute |
no |
|
|
Jane Hill |
|
|
|
| Southern Ute |
no |
|
|
Jane Hill |
|
|
|
| Shoshone |
no |
|
|
Jane Hill |
|
|
|
| Comanche |
no |
|
|
Jane Hill |
|
|
|
| Idaho Shoshone |
no |
|
|
Jane Hill |
|
|
|
| Northern Paiute |
yes |
|
|
Jane Hill |
|
|
|
| Gabrielino |
no |
|
|
Jane Hill |
|
|
|
| Achagua |
yes |
The third person has a different form |
Wilson & Levinsohn 1992: 23 |
Ana Paula Brandao |
|
|
|
| Resígaro |
no |
No person marking, only pronominal clitics. |
Allin, 1976: 105, 124, 204, 212 |
Aimee Lawrence |
|
|
|
| Bare |
no |
|
Aikhenvald, 1995: 27 |
Ana Paula Brandao |
|
|
|
| Piapoco |
yes |
|
Galindo, 2002: 162 |
Aimee Lawrence |
|
|
|
| Yukuna |
no |
Feminine, masculine, and plural affixes on transitive verbs, but these seem to be coreferent with subjects, not objects. |
Shauer & Shauer, 1978: p. 41-42 |
Aimee Lawrence |
|
|
|
| Yavitero |
yes |
|
Mosonyi, 1987: p. 62 |
Aimee Lawrence |
|
|
|
| Wapishana |
yes |
|
Santos 2006 |
Ana Paula Brandao, Amanda Meeks |
|
|
|
| Wayuu |
yes |
Verbal suffixes mark objects. |
Mansen & Captain, 2000: p. 803 |
Aimee Lawrence |
|
|
|
| Tariana |
no |
|
Aikhenvald, 2003: 122, 253-254 |
Aimee Lawrence |
|
|
|
| Apurinã |
yes |
If the subject or object is deleted or postverbal. |
Facundes, 2000: 466-467 |
Aimee Lawrence |
|
|
|
| Asheninka Apurucayali |
yes |
Agents are prefixes to the verbs, while objects are suffixes. |
Payne 1983:1619, 2325, 9096 |
Amanda Meeks |
|
|
|
| Maipure |
no |
|
Zamponi 2003:21-26 |
Daniel Smith |
|
|
|
| Yanesha' |
yes |
|
Duff-Tripp 1997:75 |
Daniel Valle |
|
|
|
| Kinikinau |
no info |
|
|
Daniel Valle |
|
|
|
| Baure |
yes |
|
Danielsen 2007:92-3 |
Daniel Valle |
|
|
|
| Nanti |
yes |
|
Michael, 2008. p. 267 |
Aimee Lawrence |
|
|
|
| Paresi |
yes |
It only occurs with third person objects |
Brandão 2010:24 |
Daniel Valle |
|
|
|
| Palikur |
yes |
person suffixes |
Launey 2003:68 |
Daniel Smith |
|
|
|
| Yine |
no |
|
Matteson 1965 |
Daniel Smith |
|
|
|
| Añun |
no |
author does not discuss explicitly. Object seems to be free nominal |
Patte 1989:79 |
Daniel Smith |
|
|
|
| Bora |
no |
|
Seifart - 2005:65-68 |
Amanda Meeks |
|
|
|
| Makiritare |
yes |
patient prefixes |
Hall 1988: 287 |
Daniel Smith |
|
|
|
| Makushi |
yes |
|
Abbott 1991: 101 |
Melody Ann Ross |
|
See chart |
|
| Eñepa |
no |
|
|
Daniel Valle |
|
|
|
| Pemon |
yes |
|
de Armellada 1999:20-1 |
Daniel Valle |
|
|
|
| Guna |
no |
|
Smith texts |
Daniel Smith |
|
|
|
| Naso |
no |
|
Quesada 2000 |
Daniel Smith |
|
|
|
| Ika |
yes |
|
Frank 1989:20 |
Daniel Valle |
|
|
|
| Kogi |
yes |
|
Ortiz 1994:394 |
Daniel Valle |
|
|
|
| Cabecar |
no |
|
Margery 1985:103 |
Daniel Valle |
|
|
|
| Guaymí |
no |
|
Quesada 2008:99 |
Daniel Valle |
|
|
|
| Damana |
no |
|
|
Daniel Valle |
|
|
|
| Sikuani |
yes |
objects are prefixed |
Queixalós 2000:575-576 |
Daniel Smith |
|
|
|
| Macaguan |
yes |
prefix, only for 1s |
Buenaventura - 1993:43-46 |
Amanda Meeks |
|
|
|
| Aguaruna |
yes |
|
Overall 2007:315, 328-31, 361-5 |
Daniel Valle |
|
|
|
| Northern Emberá |
no |
|
Mortensen 1999:16, 59 |
Daniel Valle |
|
Catío |
|
| Waorani |
no info |
|
|
Daniel Valle |
|
|
|
| Ingá |
no |
except for the situation in which first person acts upon second person in which a single verbal suffix /-iki/ marks both subject and object |
Levinson 1978:13 |
Daniel Valle |
|
|
|
| Matses |
no |
|
Fleck:445 |
Daniel Valle |
|
|
|
| Mapudungun |
yes |
Core participant verbal suffixes are fusional. So, they may convey other maenings as well. |
Zúñiga 2006, p. 114-9 |
Daniel Valle |
|
|
|
| Páez |
no |
|
Jung:74-91 |
Daniel Valle |
|
|
|
| Quechua Ayacuchano |
yes |
|
Parker 1965:23-6 |
Daniel Valle |
|
|
|
| Tikuna |
yes |
But this is restricted to sentences in which the full object NP occurs after the verb. Further, the object marker does not agree in person or number with the full object NP; it just says that the verb has an object |
Montes 2004b:84-85 |
Daniel Valle |
|
|
|
| Urarina |
yes |
But only for human 3p plural objects |
Olawsky:468 |
Daniel Valle |
|
|
|
| Waunana |
no |
|
|
Daniel Valle |
|
|
|
| Andoke |
yes |
|
Landaburu 1979: 218-220 |
Kelsey Neely |
|
|
|
| Puinave |
yes |
|
Giron 2008: p169, 206, 228 |
Mitz Perez, Daniel Valle |
|
|
|
| Central Aymara |
yes |
|
Huayhua Pari 2001: 127 |
Shannon Dardis |
|
These are transitional suffixes that mark both subject and object on the verb |
|
| Kakua |
no |
|
Bolaños fieldnotes |
Katherine Bolaños |
|
|
|
| Kaingang |
no |
no person inflection |
Goncalves 2011 |
Daniel Smith |
|
|
|
| Minica Witoto |
no |
|
Minor and Minor 1982. p.71-82 |
Christopher Clack |
|
|
|
| Hup |
no |
|
Epps 2008 |
Pattie Epps |
|
|
|
| Nadëb/Roçado dialect |
no |
|
Weir 1984 |
Katherine Bolaños |
|
|
|
| Dâw |
no |
|
Martins 2004 |
Katherine Bolaños |
|
|
|
| Desano |
no |
|
Miller 1999, p. 125 |
Amanda Novak |
|
|
|
| Cubeo |
no |
|
Morse & Maxwell 1999, p. 110 |
Amanda Novak |
|
|
|
| Kotiria |
no |
|
Stenzel 2007 |
Daniel Smith |
|
|
|
| Makuna |
yes |
|
Smothermon & Smothermon 1993, p.45 |
Chris Clack |
|
|
|
| Koreguaje |
no |
|
Cook & Criswell 1993, p.53, 89 |
Chris Clack |
|
|
|
| Barasano |
no |
|
Jones & Jones 1991, p.108 |
Chris Clack |
|
|
|
| Tanimuca |
yes |
It is also common to have just the object pronoun prefixed to the verb when the subject is a full noun phrase. |
Strom 1992, p.116 |
Chris Clack |
|
It appears you can have both subj and object marked on verb (just not at the same time) |
|
| Siona |
yes |
|
Wheeler - 1987:124-133 |
Amanda Meeks |
|
|
|
| Tukano |
no |
|
West and Welch 2004: 10; Ramirez 1997: 108, 120, 123 |
Kelsey Neely |
|
|
|
| Yanomami |
yes |
|
Ramirez 1994 |
Kelsey Neely |
|
evidenced by examples throughout |
|
| Ninam |
yes |
1st and 2nd person have special object forms |
Goodwin-Gomez: 47 |
Kelsey Neely |
|
|
|
| Sanumá |
yes |
can be omitted |
Borgman 1990: 29 |
Kelsey Neely |
|
evidence from examples |
|
| Surui |
yes |
|
Van der Meer (?):9 |
Daniel Smith |
|
|
|
| Karitiana |
no |
|
Everett 2006:343-57 |
Daniel Valle |
|
|
|
| Nheengatu |
yes |
|
Cruz 2011:133-134 |
Daniel Smith |
|
|
|
| Paraguayan Guaraní |
yes |
|
Ayala 1996:46-7 |
Daniel Valle |
|
|
|
| Aché |
no info |
|
|
Daniel Valle |
|
|
|
| Kokama |
no |
|
Vallejos 2010 |
Daniel Smith |
|
|
|
| Nyangumarta |
yes |
|
|
done |
|
|
1 |
| Jingulu |
yes |
|
|
done |
|
|
1 |
| Wambaya |
yes |
|
|
done |
|
|
1 |
| Bunuba |
yes |
|
|
done |
|
|
1 |
| Walmajarri |
yes |
|
|
Done-Claire |
|
|
1 |
| Nyulnyul |
yes |
|
|
done? |
|
|
1 |
| Warrwa |
yes |
|
|
done |
|
|
1 |
| Worrorra |
yes |
|
ms5.1 |
done |
|
|
1 |
| Garrwa |
no |
|
|
done |
|
|
0 |
| Gooniyandi |
yes |
|
|
done |
|
|
1 |
| Warlpiri |
no |
|
s148-9 |
done |
|
|
0 |
| Bardi |
yes |
|
|
done-Claire |
|
|
1 |
| Yugambeh |
|
|
|
Y? |
|
|
|
| Yorta Yorta |
no |
|
83 |
done |
|
|
0 |
| Yir Yoront |
|
|
|
Done-Dan |
|
|
|
| Yindjibarndi |
no |
|
|
done-Dan |
|
|
0 |
| Yidiny |
no |
|
|
done-Catherine |
|
|
0 |
| Yanyuwa |
yes |
|
106 |
Done-Austin |
|
|
1 |
| Yandruwandha |
no |
|
|
Done-Dan |
|
|
0 |
| Yan-nhangu |
|
|
|
not yet |
|
|
|
| Yalarnnga |
no |
|
36-50 |
Done-Dan |
|
|
0 |
| Woiwurrung |
yes |
|
75 |
done-Amalia |
|
|
1 |
| Wirangu |
No |
|
111 |
done |
|
|
0 |
| Wemba-Wemba |
yes |
|
H 41 |
done-Amalia |
|
|
1 |
| Warumungu |
yes |
|
27 |
done-Amalia |
|
|
1 |
| Wangkumara |
no info |
|
|
done |
|
|
X |
| Uradhi |
No |
|
352 |
Y |
|
|
0 |
| Paakantyi |
yes |
|
128 |
Y-Hannah |
|
|
1 |
| Pitta-Pitta |
No |
|
201 |
Done-Amalia |
|
|
0 |
| Pintupi |
yes |
|
15; 49; 114-115 |
done-Hannah |
|
|
1 |
| Nyungar |
no info |
|
|
done |
|
|
x |
| Nhanta |
yes |
|
79-80, 121 |
Done-Hannah |
|
|
1 |
| Ngiyambaa |
no |
|
|
Done-Emily |
|
|
0 |
| Ngayawang |
No |
|
10 |
done-Amalia |
|
|
0 |
| Muruwari |
yes |
|
109 |
Done-Dan |
|
|
1 |
| Mpakwithi |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Mayi-Yapi |
No |
|
55-60 |
done |
|
|
0 |
| Martuthunira |
no |
|
136-152 |
done |
|
|
0 |
| Marrgany |
No |
|
314 |
Done-Amalia |
|
|
0 |
| Kuuk Thaayorre |
Yes |
|
216 |
Done-Amalia |
|
|
1 |
| Kuku Yalanji |
no |
|
|
Done-Jessica |
|
|
0 |
| Kugu-Nganhcara |
yes |
|
399 |
done-Amalia |
|
|
1 |
| Kaurna |
No |
|
16 |
done-Amalia |
|
|
0 |
| Kalkatungu |
yes |
|
36 |
Done-Dan |
|
|
1 |
| Jaru |
yes? |
|
124 |
Done-Amalia |
|
|
1 |
| Guugu-Yimidhirr |
No |
|
80 |
Done-Amalia |
|
|
0 |
| Gureng Gureng |
no info |
|
|
Done-Amalia |
|
|
x |
| Gupapuyngu |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Gumbaynggirr |
no |
|
291 |
done-Amalia |
|
|
0 |
| Gugu-Badhun |
no |
|
|
done-Jessica |
|
|
0 |
| Yuwaalaraay |
No |
|
51 |
|
|
|
0 |
| Dyirbal |
No |
|
55 |
done-Amalia |
|
|
0 |
| Duungidjawu |
no |
|
70 |
done |
|
|
0 |
| Djinang |
Yes |
|
136 |
Done-Amalia |
|
|
1 |
| Djabugay |
|
|
|
done |
|
|
|
| Diyari |
no |
|
|
done-Hannah |
|
|
0 |
| Dharuk |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Dharawal |
yes |
|
46; 52 |
done-Hannah w Dhurga) |
|
|
1 |
| Darkinyung |
yes |
|
37 |
done |
|
|
1 |
| Bularnu |
no |
|
|
Done-Austin |
|
|
0 |
| Biri |
n/a |
|
|
done-Jessica |
|
|
0 |
| Bidjara-Gungabula |
n/a |
|
|
done-Jessica |
|
|
0 |
| Batyala |
no info |
|
|
Done-Amalia |
|
|
x |
| Arabana |
no |
|
|
Done-Dan |
|
|
0 |
| Alyawarr |
no |
|
|
done |
|
|
0 |
| Nyikina |
yes |
|
|
done-Claire |
|
|
1 |
| Yawuru |
|
|
|
Y-Claire |
|
|
|
| Ngarinyin |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Yulparija |
Yes |
|
30 |
Done-Amalia |
|
|
1 |
| Wathawurrung |
no |
|
82 |
done |
|
|
0 |
| Mathi-Mathi |
no |
|
|
done-Amalia |
|
|
0 |
| Hunter River and Lake Macquarie |
yes |
|
45-7 |
done-Amalia |
|
|
1 |
| Thanggati |
no |
|
42-3 |
done |
|
|
0 |
| Katthang |
no |
|
63-65 |
done-Amalia |
|
|
0 |
| Panyjima |
no |
|
169 |
done |
|
|
0 |
| Ngarinyeri |
yes |
|
23 |
done-Amalia |
|
|
1 |
| Kurrama |
no |
|
|
done-Dan |
|
|
0 |
| Yingkarta |
no |
|
|
Done-Claire |
|
|
0 |
| Githabul |
No |
|
15 |
Done-Amalia |
|
|
0 |
| Gunya |
yes |
|
324 |
Done-Amalia |
|
|
1 |
| Kunjen |
No |
|
92 |
Done- |
|
|
0 |
| WesternTorres |
yes |
|
K85c 82 |
done |
|
|
1 |
| Wakaya |
yes |
|
|
done |
|
|
1 |
| Yindjilindji |
no |
|
|
done |
|
|
0 |
| Bandjalang |
N/A |
|
|
Done-Amalia |
|
|
0 |
| Ngaatjatjara |
yes |
|
55 |
done |
|
|
1 |
| Arrernte |
No |
|
182 |
|
|
|
0 |
| Kokatha |
No |
|
3 |
|
|
|
0 |
| Karajarri |
Yes |
|
227 |
Done-Amalia |
|
|
1 |
| Pitjantjatjara |
Yes |
|
G 124 |
|
|
|
1 |
| Ritharrngu |
Yes |
|
45 |
Done-Amalia |
|
|
1 |
| Warrgamay |
No |
|
45 |
Done-Amalia |
|
|
0 |
| Warluwarra |
no |
|
|
Done-Amalia |
|
|
0 |
| Warnman |
Yes |
|
33 |
Done-Amalia |
|
|
1 |
| Djapu |
no |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
| Bilinarra |
no |
|
6.1 |
done |
|
|
0 |
| Wiradjuri |
no info |
|
|
done |
|
|
x |
| Aghu-Tharnggala |
Yes |
|
67 |
Y2 |
|
|
1 |
| Narungga |
Yes |
|
74 |
done |
|
|
1 |
| Tharrkari |
No |
|
16 |
|
|
|
0 |
| Wajarri |
Yes |
|
77 |
|
|
|
1 |
| Warungu |
no |
|
253-61 |
|
|
|
0 |
| Adnyamathanha |
|
|
|
Y2 |
|
|
|
| Yagua |
yes |
|
Payne and Payne 1990:361 |
Daniel Smith |
|
|
|
| Baniwa |
yes |
|
Ramirez 2001 |
Patience Epps |
|
|
|
