Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

venom for darts, poison

Semantic Field
subsistence tool
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
veneno
Meaning Portuguese
curare

Languages

Language Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Etymology Notes Word Structure Word Structure Notes General Notes Source
Kakua manji manji unique Simplex hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Nheengatu wirari wirari doubtful loan - WW %wirari Also occurs in Kokama; but also in Akawaio (Carib), possibly a loan into TG? Simplex hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Waorani ǫ́ǫ́mæ̨ unique hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Hodï malaba unique Simplex hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Yanomami wayu, mamokorima (HR94) waju, mamokoɾima unknown Alternate: mamokoɾima Simplex hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Ninam noma (vb.; IDS) doubtful loan - WW? cf. Tukanoan nima, Boran namita, Nadahup nam, Yagua ramũ, Iquito ramúcuaa hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Kotiria ~phuri (generic poison) (stenzel) pʰũɾĩ (generic poison) poison, venom (e.g. snake) unknown Simplex hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Cubeo jĩma hĩma inheritance Proto-Tukanoan cf. %namo Simplex hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Tukano nimá nimá inheritance Proto-Tukanoan cf. %namo Simplex hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Desano nima nima inheritance Proto-Tukanoan cf. %namo Simplex hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Maihiki bia ja, eo ja bia xã, eo xã sem shift? (or incorrect meaning?) Proto-West Tukanoan fish-poison Simplex hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Hup nám nám doubtful loan (into protolg?) - WW? %namo Simplex hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Dâw nãám nã̌m doubtful loan (into protolg?) - WW? %namo hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Sikuani araita (2) araíta unknown Compare Carib, e.g. Akawaio urari hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Pemon kumarwa (A1981) kumaɾwa (A1981) inheritance? cf. Yukpa hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Akawaio uurarii urari inheritance - WW %wirari Ultimate source Tupi; could have gone Akawaio > Wapishana or vice versa hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Makushi maiʔpa-i-ya maiʔ ke maiʔpa-i-ja maiʔ ke poison unknown hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Eñepa mankawae, Var. mankowao (MM); amëjtënto' mankawae, Var. mankowao (MM); amëhtëntɔʔ Var. aməhtənətɔʔ unknown hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Yukuna ja'apá haʔapá unknown Simplex hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Tariana pupáwa pupáwa unknown Simplex hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Wapishana uɽaɽi uɽaɽi loan - WW %wirari Most direct donor or recipient is Akawaio hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Baniwa mawakólia; mánhe[ni] (R01) mawakóɺia; mánhe[ni] (R01) inheritance; inheritance Proto North Central Arawak Derived mawa is a verb root meaning "tirar," or "remove" hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Piapoco culáli kuláli hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Kabiyari apári; manhé[t̪i] (R01) apári; manhé[t̪i] (R01) hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Yavitero mawáuli mawáuli hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Mandawaka mawákuli mawákuli hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Paresi iˈriwa (kaxiniti), ˈhowiti iˈriwa (kaʃiniti), ˈhuwiti unknown hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Bora námijtya námixtja doubtful loan (into protolg?) - WW? cf. %namo hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Muinane námita (W97) námita hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Wayana ulali ulali inheritance - WW %wirari hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Carijona kurari (SM) inheritance - WW %wirari hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Yukpa kome, uesárake, yínosar ('veneno') kome, uesárake, jínosar ('veneno') hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Northern Emberá dyibebéno dʒibebéno hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Cofán seje´pa sɛhɛʔpa phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Candoshi-Shapra tspasa tspasa unique hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Tikuna goré, marúm (Alv44) goré, marúm unique hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Urarina bʉrari 'poison' bʉrari 'poison' loan - WW %wirari hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Pumé ɛ 'poison' hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Warao ibihi ibihi hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Ashuar tséas tsɯas hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Huambisa tikun tikun hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Aguaruna tikún, tsegás tikún, tsɨgás inheritance hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Nukak parupi' (Politis07) unique hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Nadëb/Roçado dialect pɯ̰ːm unknown hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Matses dauë, ni dauɨ, ni unknown hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Chácobo kapi 'poison' (IDS) kapi 'poison' (IDS) unknown compare ayahuasca WW? hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Yagua ramũ ramũ loan, direction unknown Iquito ramúcuaa; cf. %namo hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Southern Pastaza Quechua ambi ambi hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Napo Lowland Quichua jambi xambi hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Quechua Ayacuchano miyu 'veneno', [hampi 'todo remedio'] (CP94) miju 'veneno', [hampi 'todo remedio'] hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Piaroa ñiñékuah ñiñékuah unknown hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Carapana nima nima hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Makuna rĩma lĩma inheritance cf. %namo hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Tanimuca rã'bĩ 'taka rã'bĩ 'taka loan - WW? %namo hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Koreguaje chima, eo dʒima, eo inheritance hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Siona eo eo sem shift? (or incorrect meaning?) fish-poison hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Secoya tsima tsĩma hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Kokama wɨrari wɨɾaɾi doubtful loan - WW %wirari hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Wayampi mɔmɔʔɛaɨ (G89) mɔmɔʔɛaɨ (G89) unknown hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Ocaina uhtooga ɯʔtooga unknown hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Iquito ramúcuaa ramúcuaa doubtful loan (into protolg?), direction unknown - WW? cf. Yagua ramũ; also Boran namita, Nadahup nam, Ninam noma hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Záparo numanaka numanaka hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Central Aymara jiwayiri ('poison', P04) xiwajiri ('poison', P04) hunting, currently is falling out of use in Vaupés region, associated primarily with h-g groups (but this may be recent?) See Language page
Kariña urari urari poison Yamada 2010:822