Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

snail

Semantic Field
flora-fauna
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
caracol, churo (Peru)
Meaning Portuguese
caracol

Languages

Language Linnean Name Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Etymology Notes Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Range of Term Word Structure Word Structure Notes Classifier Classifier Notes Hypernym Source Association with Social Categories Ritual/Mythologically Significant Ritual Notes Food Source Food Notes Medicinal Medicinal Notes How Collected Who Collects How Prepared Psychotropic Psychotropic Notes Traded Trade Notes Distribution Habitat Dangerous Ethnobiology Notes Species Notes General Notes Created By
Akawaio class Gastropoda kuuiiwa kuiwa inheritance Akawaio, Pemon cf. TG uluwa See Language page 0 0 0 0 0 no Melody Ann Ross, Lauren Franklin
Baniwa class Gastropoda kerátto, tsikówa keɻát̪o, tsikówa inheritance Central North Arawak Also tsikówa uncoded See Language page 0 0 0 0 0 no Ana Paula B., Aimee Lawrence
Cubeo class Gastropoda cavarʉ kavalʉ doubtful loan Arawak? see Cayapa; shared Tanimuca uncoded See Language page 0 0 0 0 0 no Amanda Meeks
Dâw class Gastropoda kõj kɔ̃ɟ inheritance missing See Language page 0 0 0 0 0 no Ana Paula B., Pattie Epps
Eñepa class Gastropoda waʔka waʔka unique See Language page 0 0 0 0 0 no Melody Ann Ross
Hodï class Gastropoda a'nu ka'nuhtu ʰkalũʰtu loan Arawak, cf. Baniwa kerátto a'nu *G&C) uncoded See Language page 0 0 0 0 0 no Amanda Meeks
Waorani class Gastropoda tiwæ̃-kade unique uncoded See Language page 0 0 0 0 0 no Amanda Meeks
Hup class Gastropoda g'ɔ́̃j g'ɔ́̃ɟ inheritance underived See Language page 0 0 0 0 0 no Pattie Epps
Kakua class Gastropoda ~j'ʉ̂j' ~ʧɨ̂j̃ʔ doubtful loan East Tukanoan e.g. Siriano sɨ̃ɨ̃ĩ́ ['snail' is widely borrowed] underived See Language page 0 0 0 0 0 no Katherine Bolaños
Macaguan class Gastropoda kíwat kíwat doubtful loan (into protolg?) Carib, cf. Pemon kuuiwa e.g. Pemon kuuiwa uncoded See Language page 0 0 0 0 0 no Rebecca Khorram, Amanda Meeks
Nheengatu class Gastropoda uruá (generic term for water snails) urua (generic term for water snails) water snail inheritance underived See Language page 0 0 0 0 0 no John Blaha, Lauren Franklin
Ninam class Gastropoda krawkraw (gom) kɾawkɾaw (gom) unique uncoded See Language page 0 0 0 0 0 no Kelsey Neely
Maihiki class Gastropoda a ago a ago unknown uncoded ago ago = feminine animate See Language page 0 0 0 0 0 no Daniel Valle
Pemon class Gastropoda koime (A1981); kuuiwa (E1980) koime (A1981); kuɪwa (E1980) inheritance Akawaio, Pemon Also kuɪwa (E1980) See Language page 0 0 0 0 0 no Melody Ann Ross, Karina Baeza
Sikuani class Gastropoda kiwa (2); kará (sp.; Melendez: Ar loan) kíwa; kará (sp.; Melendez: Ar loan) doubtful loan (into protolg?); loan Carib, cf. Pemon kuuiwa; Arawak, Achagua karakara (Melendez) e.g. Pemon kuuiwa uncoded See Language page 0 0 0 0 0 no Amanda Meeks
Tukano class Gastropoda sɨ̃'ɨ̃ sɨ̃'ɨ̃ inheritance East Tukanoan uncoded See Language page 0 0 0 0 0 no Ana Paula, Amanda Novak, Aimee Lawrence
Kotiria class Gastropoda ~su'i ~suʔi inheritance East Tukanoan uncoded See Language page 0 0 0 0 0 no Amanda Meeks
Wapishana class Gastropoda uwaɨ uwaɨ unique Similarity to Akawaio kuiwa, but no clear relationship. See Language page 0 0 0 0 0 no Ana Paula B.
Yanomam class Gastropoda sinokoma aka (WM99, giant land snail) sinokoma aka unique uncoded See Language page 0 0 0 0 0 no Kelsey Neely
Yanomami class Gastropoda warora (IDS) waɾoɾa (IDS) loan North Arawak, e.g. Yukuna waroro See Yucuna waɾoɾo underived See Language page 0 0 0 0 0 no Kelsey Neely
Yukuna class Gastropoda waroro waɾoɾo inheritance Proto-Arawak (North and South) Loan INTO Yanomami uncoded See Language page 0 0 0 0 0 no Ana Paula B., Aimee L., PLE
Achagua class Gastropoda waláluta waláluta inheritance See Language page Ana Paula B., Aimee Lawrence, PLE
Piapoco class Gastropoda calàsu kalàsu See Language page Ana Paula B., PLE
Yavitero class Gastropoda karakólu karakólu See Language page Ana Paula B., PLE
Yine class Gastropoda šišrikapi See Language page Also xitʸri; yonwaľoxi. PLE
Paresi class Gastropoda ˈwalo ˈwalɔ inheritance See Language page Ana Paula B., PLE
Ignaciano class Gastropoda kiya See Language page PLE
Baure class Gastropoda čoris tʃoris loan - WW %tʃuru See Language page Anissa Capuccino
Waurá class Gastropoda walu; itʸuwi; ɨtɨžu walu; itʸuwi; ɨtɨžu inheritance; unknown cf. Kalapalo iñu See Language page Joyce McCormick, PLE
Cha'palaa class Gastropoda 'kuu'walʸu See Language page PLE
Bora class Gastropoda ḯtsʰïkʰo ɯ́tsʰïkʰo inheritance See Language page Leslie Smith, Sarah Kuntz, Aimee Lawrence, PLE
Muinane class Gastropoda xɨ́siku xɨ́siku See Language page Leslie Smith, Sarah Kuntz, Aimee Lawrence, PLE
Wayana class Gastropoda konoto, kulewe, kuwe konoto, kulewe, kuwe loan; inheritance? Arawak; cf. Baniwa kerátto See Language page PLE
Makiritare class Gastropoda memu (IDS, KH) memu inheritance See Language page Melody Ann Ross, Karina Baeza
Wai Wai class Gastropoda Φooto Φooto unique See Language page Melody Ann Ross
Yabarana class Gastropoda memu See Language page Ana Paula B., John Blaha
Yukpa class Gastropoda suru (SM) suru (SM) See Language page Phon only in source Ana Paula B., Melody Ann Ross, Aimee Lawrence
Kalapalo class Gastropoda iñu iñu unknown cf. Waura See Language page Joyce McCormick
Muisca class Gastropoda biza βitʂa See Language page Daniel Valle, Aimee Lawrence
Barí class Gastropoda kiugtū See Language page PLE
Northern Emberá class Gastropoda korogó korogó See Language page Jonathan Quintanilla, PLE
Epena class Gastropoda kʰooro See Language page Also means 'knob'. Cf. 'ankle' 04.371. PLE
Cofán class Gastropoda choro tʃoro See Language page phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS Daniel Valle, Aimee Lawrence
Candoshi-Shapra class Gastropoda gópogó nkóponkó doubtful loan Jivaroan kuŋku; pukuaŋ See Language page Daniel Valle
Páez class Gastropoda xsape, xsita ʃape, ʃita See Language page Daniel Valle
Tikuna class Gastropoda nha-tégo-ni-ú (Alv44) ñaʔtégoʔniʔú unique See Language page Daniel Valle, Zach Burnett, PLE
Pumé class Gastropoda kʰaeko; čʰɛtɛ; õãrara 'snail shell' See Language page Paulina Franco, PLE
Puinave class Gastropoda sək (=scorpion) sək (=scorpion) unique See Language page Daniel Valle, Zach Burnett
Ashuar class Gastropoda kúngku (from soil), pukuáng, wawík (from water) tsúntsu kuŋku, pukuaŋ, wawik, tsuntsu See Language page Daniel Valle
Huambisa class Gastropoda churu, pukuang, tʃuru, pukuaŋg See Language page Daniel Valle
Aguaruna class Gastropoda tejés, kúgku tɨxɨs, kúngku unique; inheritance See Language page Daniel Valle
Matses class Gastropoda nunti [land], dëco [water] nunti [land], dɨko [water] unknown See Language page Daniel Valle, Becky Walker
Kakataibo class Gastropoda nočo; noβo See Language page Latter is 'large river snail'. Also ʔa'βũku 'kind of snail'; pi'nĩ; či'rumpini (dial.) 'land snail'; βu'tũ, u'tũ (dial.) (congompe) a large snail'. *Panoan *noʔčo; *noβo. PLE
Katukina class Gastropoda noβo See Language page Refers to a common type; no generic name. PLE
Yaminahua class Gastropoda sãka; nočo; nopoṣ̌; βõto See Language page PLE
Chácobo class Gastropoda kosɨ kosɨ unknown See Language page Joyce McCormick
Yagua class Gastropoda juritarya xũritarja unique See Language page Daniel Valle
Ingá class Gastropoda churu See Language page Daniel Valle
Napo Lowland Quichua class Gastropoda churu tʃuɾu See Language page Daniel Valle
Quechua Ayacuchano class Gastropoda churu tʃuɾu See Language page Daniel Valle, PLE
Piaroa class Gastropoda kʰæriou kʰæriou doubtful loan Arawak kera- forms See Language page Paulina Franco, Becky Walker
Sáliva class Gastropoda fahlẽda ɸaʔlẽda unknown See Language page Becky Walker
Barasano class Gastropoda sʉ̃hʉ See Language page Amanda Meeks
Carapana class Gastropoda jʉ̃ʉ xɨ̃ɨ, jʉ̃ ʉ̃ (FS) See Language page Amanda Meeks
Siriano class Gastropoda sʉ̃ʉ̃ĩ́ sɨ̃ɨ̃ĩ́ See Language page Amanda Meeks
Tanimuca class Gastropoda koʔ'be ro'ka koʔ'be ro'ka doubtful loan Arawak? see Cayapa; shared Cubeo See Language page Kelsey Neely, Aimee Lawrence
Tuyuka class Gastropoda sʉ̃ʉ̃ sɨ̃ɨ̃ See Language page D. Jagannathan, Paulina Franco, Ana Paula B.
Koreguaje class Gastropoda ca ka unknown See Language page Daniel Valle
Siona class Gastropoda churu tʃuru loan - WW %tʃuru See Language page Daniel Valle, Aimee Lawrence
Karitiana class Gastropoda nõrõnh nõɾõnh unknown See Language page Daniel Valle
Wayampi class Gastropoda uluwa; minuʔa uluwa; minuʔa inheritance See Language page PLE
Aché class Gastropoda tɨta inheritance See Language page PLE
Chiriguano class Gastropoda ǰatɨta inheritance See Language page PLE
Paraguayan Guaraní class Gastropoda ǰatɨta; ǰatevu See Language page PLE
Sirionó class Gastropoda urukʷa; urukʷa rama urukʷa; urukʷa rama inheritance See Language page Joyce McCormick, Becky Walker
Ocaina class Gastropoda cáánhxo kã́ã́ʔxo unique See Language page Leslie Smith, Sarah Kuntz, Aimee Lawrence, PLE
Murui Witoto class Gastropoda llodogɨ, burugɨ, llodocoño dʒodogɯ, burugɯ, dʒodokoɲo (B83) unique See Language page Leslie Smith, Sarah Kuntz, PLE
Iquito class Gastropoda asihuáriica (gen.); ajuúcu (sp.) asiwáriika (gen.); ahuúku (sp.) unique See Language page Cjnthia Hansen
Záparo class Gastropoda maaha (also a word for an older woman) maːha See Language page Becky Walker
Wari class Gastropoda ʔatyn (Sousa2009) ʔatɨn (Sousa2009) See Language page PLE
Araona class Gastropoda zemo See Language page PLE
Ese Ejja class Gastropoda sixaxa; šemo See Language page PLE
Ese Ejja/Huarayo class Gastropoda šemo šemo See Language page Joyce McCormick
Tacana class Gastropoda ď̶emo; botoro See Language page PLE
Cavineña class Gastropoda hemo (also means "shell") hemo See Language page Joyce McCormick, Becky Walker
Central Aymara class Gastropoda čˀuru See Language page PLE
Itonama class Gastropoda u-tˀuʔdu See Language page Refers to a water snail. PLE
Kwazá class Gastropoda hɛlotxi, kile hɛlotxi, kile See Language page Joyce McCormick
Mosetén-Chimané class Gastropoda wo'ont See Language page Joyce McCormick, PLE
Movima class Gastropoda mehɬa mexɬa See Language page Anissa Capuccino, Becky Walker
Karajá class Gastropoda brobure See Language page PLE
Djeoromitxi class Gastropoda minio minio See Language page PLE
Mocoví class Gastropoda ǰi let-aʔge lʸ-ik See Language page Lit. 'the 3p actor(zero)- moisten-along 3p possessor-trail'. PLE
Pilagá class Gastropoda na'siyo See Language page PLE
Toba class Gastropoda našiyo See Language page PLE
Lengua class Gastropoda akpoŋ See Language page PLE
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité class Gastropoda mamatik; akpoŋ See Language page Respectively: land snail; water snail. PLE
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet class Gastropoda kelpaʔloom; akpoŋ; maateyempehek See Language page PLE
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay class Gastropoda naho'kʷeʔ See Language page PLE
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja class Gastropoda laʔpix (m.) See Language page PLE
Maca class Gastropoda lok (f.) See Language page PLE
Nivaclé class Gastropoda ɬeɬ; wintɔx; klapˀi See Language page Respectively: a white snail; brown snail; water snail. PLE
Ayoreo class Gastropoda 'haro See Language page PLE
Mapudungun class Gastropoda pɨθko See Language page From Augusta 1915. PLE
Qawasqar class Gastropoda taḳˀoyawes See Language page Also c̷akʰe; yamakʰas. Ag, Em record takwak. All forms refer to sea snails. PLE
Selknam class Gastropoda č-è-awitṣ See Language page PLE
Kariña class Gastropoda atita atita snail Courtz 2007:246 no Camille Unger