Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

bed

Semantic Field
culture-material
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
cama
Meaning Portuguese
cama

Languages

Language Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Etymology Notes Word Structure Word Structure Notes General Notes Source
Kakua ɲa-hâ-ʧû ɲa-hâ-ʧû [?-lay-cl.cover/skin] unique Other complex ?-lay-cl.cover/skin See Language page
Waorani bõĩ unique Other complex bõ 'sleep' See Language page
Hodï abui tekai abui tekai unique Other complex tekai occurs in many words having to do with non-Indian material objects See Language page
Yanomam kama kama loan Span/Port Also appears in Arawak (e..g Yavitero kama); Eñepa kaama; Hup káma; Siona cama; Yanomam kama Simplex See Language page
Ninam kama kama loan Span/Port also Arawak (e..g Yavitero kama); Eñepa kaama; Hup káma; Siona cama Simplex See Language page
Kotiria carĩni casario; coãri casario (all Waltz) kaɾĩni kasaɾio; koãɾi kasaɾio (all Waltz) unknown calque? Compound koãri probably rel to 'sleep'; kasario=bag See Language page
Cubeo paraino paraino doubtful loan Witotoan Quechua source? See Language page
Tukano kãri-pesáro kãri-pesáro unknown calque? Phrase See Language page
Desano o'já-ri-jẽ o'já-ri-jẽ unknown calque? See Language page
Maihiki bɨonanu ja bɨonanu xã doubtful loan Witotoan eg: Nɨpode Huitoto bɯ́.i-ra-dʒu See Language page
Hup káma káma loan Portuguese Simplex See Language page
Dâw xãám xã̌m loan Portuguese possibly via Arawak or Nheengatu (e.g. Achagua cáama); see also Eñepa kaama; Siona cama (kama?); Yanomam (Ninam kama) Simplex See Language page
Makushi atta atta unknown See similar form for 'bench' in Makiritare; possible Arawak loan See Language page
Eñepa kaama (MM) kaama (MM) loan Spanish Also in Achagua, Yavitero, Hup, Ninam, Yanomam, etc. See Language page
Tariana pa-swá-ɾi pa-swá-ɾi unknown Alternate: édi 'bench' Derived -ɾí = object nominalization See Language page
Resígaro moó-tsi-hú moó-tsi-hú doubtful calque Bora ('sleep-?') Derived ímú = “to sleep”, -tsi = nominalizer, -hú = “long and flat, horizontal” classifier See Language page
Achagua cáama (w&l) káama (w&l) loan Spanish See Language page
Piapoco yàalubáisi waiméeri íinata jàalubáisi waimé:ɾi í:nata (banco+?+sobre) See Language page
Yavitero kama (Spanish loan) kama (Spanish loan) See Language page
Wayuu to-uľa Means 'my bed/pad'. Also sɨi, 'chinchorro (net)'; and hamaa 'hammock'. See Language page
Yine xeko *Piro-Apuriná form is *i-'keko. See Language page
Paresi tsehokotywakalati (tsehokotywa 'deitam') tsehokotjwakalati (tsehokotjwa 'deitam') unique See Language page
Ignaciano -'imasirare; -makahi Also -'iwesirare. See Language page
Baure kam kam loan Spanish See Language page
Waurá kama (from Port.); amaka (means hammock ) kama (from Port.); amaka (means hammock ) loan Spanish See Language page
Cha'palaa ['tuutu] From Span. 'toldo', refers to 'mosquito net'. 'Hammock' is ['ha'muka ~ han'buka]. See Language page
Bora kʰïkwá-íʔkhyï {sleep-platform}, kʰḯkʷa-ɨ́ɨ́xɨ́ {sleep-barbacoa} kʰɯkwá-íʔkhjɯ {sleep-platform}, kʰɯ́kʷa-ɨ́ɨ́xɨ́ {sleep-barbacoa} inheritance/ calque See Language page
Muinane kɨ́ga-íixe, kɨ́ga-taxe kɨ́ga-íixɛ, kɨ́ga-taxɛ See Language page
Carijona onǝ-thoho (sleep-NMZ) (M2000) unique See Language page
Wai Wai kuywa kujwa unknown See Language page
Yukpa nesko nesko See Language page
Muisca quypqua kuɨpkua See Language page
Barí kagsãduoyī Colombia: boorə, means 'hammock'. See Language page
Epena 'kʰɨda Refers to bedding. Hammock is ['makʰa]. See Language page
Cofán anajenlcho phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS See Language page
Candoshi-Shapra maashi maaʃi unique See Language page
Taushiro a'cavan (bed, mosquito net) aʔkawan See Language page
Páez dee-ni atũ (dee- 'sleep') dee-ni atũ (dee- 'sleep') See Language page
Tikuna natchá-penên (Alv44) natʃáʔpenɨn unique See Language page
Pumé mõã-reã See Language page
Puinave haa mo-ou; hepe haa mo-ou; hepe unique See Language page
Warao uba -noko (uba=sleep, noko=place of) uba -noko (uba=sleep, noko=place of) See Language page
Ashuar tepámu, tepéti, peák (wooden made) tɯpamu, tɯpɯti, pɯak See Language page
Huambisa peak pɨak See Language page
Aguaruna pegák pɨgák inheritance See Language page
Nukak ɲahat unique See Language page
Matses ushte uʃte unique/calque See Language page
Katukina [kama] From Port. 'cama'. See Language page
Shipibo-Konibo rakati 'Hammock' is [amaka]; wɨyoti. See Language page
Yaminahua oṣ̌a-ti; raka-ti; kaka βa-ti Respectively: 'sleep-nominalizer; lie down-nominalizer; bed roll (extend make) nominalizer'. See Language page
Chácobo rakati; oṣ̌ati rakati; oṣ̌ati inheritance See Language page
Yagua maya maja unique See Language page
Southern Pastaza Quechua tultu tultu See Language page
Ingá kawitu, puñudiru kawitu, puñudiru See Language page
Napo Lowland Quichua puñuna puɲuna See Language page
Quechua Ayacuchano puñuna puɲuna See Language page
Piaroa ka'má' kaɁmáɁ loan Spanish See Language page
Sáliva jahaxoode haʔaxoːde unknown See Language page
Bará kõã'rõ See Language page
Barasano kã́dɨ̃́-hesá-ri-a-ro kã́dɨ̃́-hesá-ri-a-ro See Language page
Carapana jo'sá-rí-ka-ro jo'sá-rí-ka-ro See Language page
Makuna hesa-do hesa-do unknown calque? See Language page
Yuruti kõ'ã́rõ kõ'ã́rõ See Language page
Waikhana kũ'jã-dõ kũ'jã-dõ See Language page
Siriano oyáró ojáɾó See Language page
Tanimuca kãrã-rũ'ki-a kãrã-rũ'ki-a missing See Language page
Tatuyo jo'há-'rí-ka-ro jo'há-'rí-ka-ro See Language page
Tuyuka kõã-rõ kõã-rõ See Language page
Waimaja kã́'dĩ́ricá-pĩĩ kã́'dĩ́ricá-pĩĩ See Language page
Koreguaje kãisaivʉ khãisaibʉ unknown See Language page
Siona cama (Spanish loan) kama (Spanish loan) loan Spanish See Language page
Secoya cai saihuë kãi saiwɨ See Language page
Karitiana katapa katapa unknown See Language page
Kokama ukɨrɨ tupa (place to sleep) ukɨɾɨ tupa unique See Language page
Wayampi yɛapɨpa (lit.'where someone lies down') jɛapɨpa (lit.'where someone lies down') unique See Language page
Aché ikẽ ẽda-tɨ unique See Language page
Chiriguano t-upa; r-upa; h-upa unique See Language page
Paraguayan Guaraní t-upa; iniᵐbe; t-eniᵐbe See Language page
Sirionó erua erua unknown See Language page
Ocaina unonhxatsíívo, fojóótyo ɯ̃õʔxatsííβo, ɸohóótʸo unique See Language page
Nɨpode Witoto bḯ.i-ra-ǰu bɯ́.i-ra-dʒu See Language page
Minica Witoto bḯ.i-ra-ǰu bɯ́.i-ra-dʒu See Language page
Murui Witoto ïnï-ra, bï-ira ɯnɯ-ra, bɯ-ira inheritance/Witoto See Language page
Iquito maqu'+naaja (from maqu++ni - sleep) mak'ɨnaaha (from makɨɨni - sleep) inheritance/calque See Language page
Záparo mas+k+ka masɨkɨka See Language page
Wari tapit (Sousa2009) tapit (Sousa2009) See Language page
Araona e-hai Hammock' is šawi. See Language page
Tacana sa-(h)ode; tawi-ode Cf. 'lie down' 12.140. tawi- is 'sleep'. Also čawi, 'hammock'. Also warača. See Language page
Cavineña e-tawi-ki; eperere; e-hara-kʷare (tawi means "sleep") e-tawi-ki; eperere; e-hara-kʷare unique/calque See Language page
Central Aymara ikiña ikiɲa; pataatˀi See Language page
Cayuvava 'raɲuka; [kɔ̃čɔ] Latter form refers to 'mattress'. 'Hammock' is daba. See Language page
Itonama uhmuskanano Hammock' is ɨtahwɨ. See Language page
Mosetén-Chimané hi'biʔ See Language page
Movima horo-wanas xoro-wanas See Language page
Kaingang pri wɛ̃ɲ-nĩŋŋrɛ See Language page
Karajá heri-na See Language page
Chipaya axpš See Language page
Mocoví l-omalaʔ See Language page
Pilagá le-talaʔ Same as 'mat 09.770. See Language page
Toba l-malaʔ See Language page
Lengua #NAME? See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité ninyitnima nitiŋ; nintahanma See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet yetnamakɬa-neeten; neŋyetnamakɬa-neeten See Language page
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay #NAME? Lit. 'sleep-place/locative' 04.610, 07.120. See Language page
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja -xawet ~ -xyewet ~ -awet See Language page
Maca -iwhilaχ ~ -ewhilaχ (m.) Lit. for lying down. See Language page
Nivaclé wat-mɔʔ-xawat See Language page
Ayoreo mo'čaa-pii To make the b. is ĩ'tereʔ. To make his own bed or position of sleeping is oo y-ihoga-'di, cf. 07.210. See Language page
Mapudungun ŋɨtantu Ranquel form is ɨtantɨ ~ nɨtantɨ ~ ŋɨtantɨ. See Language page
Qawasqar talay-xo-tḳal Sk, Bo record pap-e-tkal for Central QWS. Cf. 'lie down' 12.140. See Language page
Selknam xèn See Language page
Tehuelche 'y-awkˀn Cf. first form in 07.210. See Language page
Lokono kora(-ha) koɾa(-ha) bed Pet 1987:351
Kariña bedy bedɨ bed Yamada 2010:723