Akawaio |
Zea mays |
aknaik |
aʔnaɪk |
|
inheritance? |
|
Proto-Carib |
possible loan into proto-Carib, cf. Arawak mariki and TG aBati |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
no |
|
|
plant |
Melody Ann Ross, Lauren Franklin |
Baniwa |
Zea mays |
káana |
káana |
|
inheritance |
|
Central North Arawak |
Inland N. Arawak |
|
|
|
|
uncoded |
|
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
no |
|
|
plant |
Ana Paula B., Aimee Lawrence |
Carijona |
Zea mays |
anaci (SM) |
a’natʃi (H&R) |
|
inheritance? |
|
Proto-Carib |
possible loan into proto-Carib, cf. Arawak mariki and TG aBati |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
no |
|
|
plant |
Melody Ann Ross, Zach Burnett, PLE |
Cubeo |
Zea mays |
veavʉ |
vɛavʉ, we'á (H&R) |
|
doubtful loan into protolanguage - old WW |
|
Proto-Tukanoan |
%bea |
Possible Wanderwort? Northern Embera: bée; Witoto: beja. Reconstructs to WT. Also a loan into Nukak, prob. from Cubeo. |
WW |
%be |
|
uncoded |
|
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
no |
|
|
plant |
Amanda Meeks |
Dâw |
Zea mays |
‘wat |
w'at |
|
loan |
|
|
Tupi-Guarani |
e.g. Cocama awati |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
no |
|
|
plant |
Ana Paula B., Pattie Epps |
Desano |
Zea mays |
ojodᵾcaporo |
ohodɨkapoɾo, ohodɨ'ká (H&R) |
|
semantic shift (in protolg?) |
|
East Tukanoan |
from banana; cf. Hup, Bora |
|
|
|
|
uncoded |
|
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
no |
|
|
plant |
Amanda Meeks |
Eñepa |
Zea mays |
keʔɲak; ke'ña', Var. ke'ñat, ke'ñai (MM) |
keʔɲak; keʔɲaʔ, Var. keʔɲat, keʔɲai (MM) |
|
doubtful loan |
|
|
North Arawak |
e.g. Piapoco: kanái and similar forms in other Arawak lgs. Also keʔɲat, keʔɲai |
WW |
%kana |
|
|
|
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
no |
|
|
plant |
Melody Ann Ross |
Guayabero |
Zea mays |
jes |
hes |
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
uncoded |
|
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
no |
|
|
plant |
Ana Paula B., Rebecca Khorram, Aimee Lawrence, Amanda Meeks |
Hodï |
Zea mays |
jtamu |
ʰtãbu |
|
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
uncoded |
|
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
no |
|
|
plant |
Amanda Meeks |
Waorani |
Zea mays |
caguingo |
|
|
unique |
|
|
North Arawak |
ka-, kana |
|
|
|
uncoded |
|
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
no |
|
|
plant |
Amanda Meeks |
Hup |
Zea mays |
pɨhɨt-yṹm |
pɨhɨt-jṹm |
|
semantic shift |
|
|
parallel E.Tukanoan, Bora |
maize-sow' |
|
|
|
compound |
banana-plant |
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
cultivated |
women |
very little raised; mostly used for beer |
0 |
|
0 |
attained through exchange with Tukanoans |
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
no |
|
|
plant |
Pattie Epps |
Kakua |
Zea mays |
ho |
hû |
|
loan |
|
|
East Tukanoan |
East Tukanoan, e.g. Macuna, Siriano, Barasano oho-rika |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
no |
|
|
plant |
Katherine Bolaños |
Macaguan |
Zea mays |
jetsá |
hetsá |
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
uncoded |
|
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
no |
|
|
plant |
Rebecca Khorram, Amanda Meeks |
Makushi |
Zea mays |
aʔanáí |
aʔanáí |
|
inheritance? |
|
Proto-Carib |
possible loan into proto-Carib, cf. Arawak mariki and TG aBati |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
no |
|
|
plant |
Melody Ann Ross |
Nheengatu |
Zea mays |
mílyu (from POR) |
mílju (from POR) |
|
loan |
|
|
Portuguese |
Also: auatí (awatí) Mello 2003 (inherited PTG) |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
no |
|
|
plant |
John Blaha, Lauren Franklin |
Ninam |
Zea mays |
lulumok, rIrimos (gom) |
lulumok, ɾɯrimos (gom) |
|
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
N-CLF ; mok = "seed" Goodwin-Gomez 90 |
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
no |
|
|
plant |
Kelsey Neely |
Nukak |
Zea mays |
weá, kánáʔ (P07) |
|
|
loan - WW; loan - WW |
|
|
Tukanoan; Arawak |
wea = Cubeo or West Tukanoan; kana = Arawak |
WW |
%kana |
|
uncoded |
|
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
no |
|
|
plant |
|
Maihiki |
Zea mays |
bea ja |
bea xã |
|
doubtful loan into protolanguage - WW |
|
Proto-Tukanoan |
%bea |
Possible Wanderwort? Northern Embera: bée; Witoto: beja. Reconstructs to WT and also appears in Cubeo. |
WW |
%be |
|
uncoded |
|
xã |
xã (orth. ja) = inanimate |
|
See Language page |
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
no |
|
|
plant |
Daniel Valle |
Pemon |
Zea mays |
aknaik (A1981) |
aʔnaɪk (A1981) |
|
inheritance? |
|
Proto-Carib |
possible loan into proto-Carib, cf. Arawak mariki and TG aBati |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
no |
|
|
plant |
Melody Ann Ross, Karina Baeza |
Resígaro |
Zea mays |
veéká?ó |
veékáʔó |
|
doubtful loan - WW |
|
|
%bea (but not from Bora/Witoto?) |
Witoto, Bora shared forms bέdʒa |
WW |
%be |
|
uncoded |
|
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
no |
|
|
plant |
Ana Paula B. |
Sanumá |
Zea mays |
sinimo |
sinimo |
|
inheritance? |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
no |
|
|
plant |
Kelsey Neely |
Sikuani |
Zea mays |
jaratabüjetsa (246), jetsa (2) |
hétsa |
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
also jaratabüjetsa (246) |
|
|
|
uncoded |
|
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
no |
|
|
plant |
Amanda Meeks |
Tariana |
Zea mays |
kána |
kána |
|
inheritance |
|
Central North Arawak |
Inland N. Arawak |
|
|
|
|
uncoded |
|
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
no |
|
|
plant |
Ana Paula B. |
Tukano |
Zea mays |
ohôka |
ohôka |
|
semantic shift (in protolg?) |
|
East Tukanoan |
from banana; cf. Hup, Bora |
|
|
|
|
uncoded |
|
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
no |
|
|
plant |
Ana Paula, Amanda Novak, Aimee Lawrence |
Kotiria |
Zea mays |
yo |
jóó (stenz), jo (H&R) |
|
semantic shift (in protolg?) |
|
East Tukanoan |
from banana; cf. Hup, Bora |
Loan into Kakua ho |
|
|
|
uncoded |
|
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
no |
|
|
plant |
Amanda Meeks |
Wapishana |
Zea mays |
maẓikʰi |
maẓikʰi |
|
inheritance |
|
Proto-Arawak |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
no |
|
|
plant |
Ana Paula B. |
Yanomam |
Zea mays |
shidi (WS76); uxirima (black grains), hrare (orange grains), aurima (white grains) (all WM99, nom. Class: mokɨ) |
ʃidi; uʃiɾima, hɾaɾe, auɾima |
|
inheritance? |
|
|
|
uxirima (black grains), hrare (orange grains), aurima (white grains) |
|
|
|
uncoded |
|
mokɨ |
|
|
See Language page |
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
no |
|
|
plant |
Kelsey Neely |
Yanomami |
Zea mays |
yono mosi |
jono mosi |
|
unique |
|
|
|
mosi = CLF |
|
|
|
underived |
N+CLF |
mosi = CLF (class isn't well defined) (Ramirez 94) |
may actually be mo "CLF edible grain" and si "CLF ~grass" |
|
See Language page |
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
no |
|
|
plant |
Kelsey Neely |
Yukuna |
Zea mays |
kaxné (h) |
kaxné (H&R) |
|
inheritance |
|
Central North Arawak |
Inland N. Arawak |
|
|
|
|
uncoded |
|
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
no |
|
|
plant |
Ana Paula B., Aimee L., PLE |
Yuhup |
Zea mays |
hóka |
hóka |
|
loan |
|
|
Tukano |
Tukano ohôka |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
no |
|
|
plant |
Ana Paula B., Pattie Epps |
Achagua |
Zea mays |
ká:na |
ká:na |
|
inheritance |
|
|
Inland N. Arawak |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
|
|
|
plant |
Ana Paula B., Aimee Lawrence, PLE |
Piapoco |
Zea mays |
canái |
kanái |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
|
|
|
plant |
Ana Paula B., PLE |
Kabiyari |
Zea mays |
kanha (h) |
kanha (h) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
|
|
|
plant |
Ana Paula B., Aimee Lawrence, PLE |
Yavitero |
Zea mays |
kana |
kana |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
|
|
|
plant |
Ana Paula B., PLE |
Wayuu |
Zea mays |
|
maiki |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
|
|
|
plant |
PLE |
Yine |
Zea mays |
|
šixi |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
|
|
|
*Piro-Apuriná form is *si-ki-mi. |
PLE |
Paresi |
Zea mays |
kozeto |
koðetu |
|
unknown |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
|
|
|
plant |
Ana Paula B., PLE |
Ignaciano |
Zea mays |
|
sipani |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
|
|
|
plant |
PLE |
Trinitario |
Zea mays |
|
sponi; sponɣi |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
|
|
|
plant |
PLE |
Baure |
Zea mays |
čoro |
tʃoro |
|
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
|
|
|
plant |
Anissa Capuccino |
Waurá |
Zea mays |
maiki |
maiki |
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
|
|
|
plant |
Joyce McCormick, PLE |
Cha'palaa |
Zea mays |
|
'pišu |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
|
|
|
'Cornfield' is 'piš-'pala. |
PLE |
Bora |
Zea mays |
ïxɨ {kernel}, ḯxɨ-ï {ear}, ḯxɨ-ʔo {plant}, ïxɨ-ʔe |
ɯxɨ {kernel}, ɯ́xɨ-ɯ {ear}, ɯ́xɨ-ʔo {plant}, ɯxɨ-ʔe |
|
semantic shift? |
|
|
same as banana, as in Tukanoan and Hup |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
|
|
|
plant |
Leslie Smith, Sarah Kuntz, Aimee Lawrence, PLE |
Muinane |
Zea mays |
béǰa {borr. From Huitoto?} |
bέdʒa {borr. From Huitoto?} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See Language page |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
|
|
|
|
plant |
Leslie Smith, Sarah Kuntz, Aimee Lawrence, PLE |
Apalai |
Zea mays |
oxinase |
oxinase |
|
inheritance? |
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possible loan into proto-Carib, cf. Arawak mariki and TG aBati |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Rebekah L. Evans |
Wayana |
Zea mays |
ehnai |
ehnai |
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inheritance? |
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possible loan into proto-Carib, cf. Arawak mariki and TG aBati |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
PLE |
Tiriyó |
Zea mays |
aːnaci |
aːnaci |
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inheritance? |
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possible loan into proto-Carib, cf. Arawak mariki and TG aBati |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Becky Walker |
Makiritare |
Zea mays |
ənɲa (IDS) |
ənɲa |
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inheritance? |
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possible loan into proto-Carib, cf. Arawak mariki and TG aBati |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Melody Ann Ross, Karina Baeza |
Mapoyo |
Zea mays |
ë'nai |
ɛ'nai |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Melody Ann Ross |
Wai Wai |
Zea mays |
nasɨ-nasɨ |
nasɨ-nasɨ |
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inheritance? |
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possible loan into proto-Carib, cf. Arawak mariki and TG aBati |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Melody Ann Ross |
Yabarana |
Zea mays |
|
nati, natiapə |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Ana Paula B., John Blaha |
Yukpa |
Zea mays |
ipistapó, míʃk( r) |
meʔ (H&R) |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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Phon only in source plant |
Ana Paula B., Melody Ann Ross, Aimee Lawrence |
Kalapalo |
Zea mays |
a'na |
a'na |
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inheritance? |
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possible loan into proto-Carib, cf. Arawak mariki and TG aBati |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Joyce McCormick |
Muisca |
Zea mays |
aba |
aβa |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Daniel Valle, Aimee Lawrence |
Northern Emberá |
Zea mays |
bée |
bée; pe(H&R) |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Jonathan Quintanilla, PLE |
Epena |
Zea mays |
|
pe; pe-'tau |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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'Grain of corn' is pe-'tau 'tau, corn-round-unit. |
PLE |
Cuiva |
Zea mays |
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hétsa |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Rebecca Khorram, Amanda Meeks |
Playero |
Zea mays |
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hétsa |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Rebecca Khorram, Amanda Meeks |
Cofán |
Zea mays |
ppu´ppu |
phɯʔphɯ |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS plant |
Daniel Valle, Aimee Lawrence |
Candoshi-Shapra |
Zea mays |
yovato |
jowato |
|
doubtful loan |
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Tupi-Guarani |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Daniel Valle |
Taushiro |
Zea mays |
ho´antu´ |
hoʔantuʔ |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Daniel Valle |
Páez |
Zea mays |
cocavi |
kokavi; kutʲh(H&R) |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Daniel Valle |
Tikuna |
Zea mays |
chawũ; tchá-que (Alv44) |
tʃawũ; tʃáʔke |
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doubtful loan, direction unknown |
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Jivaroan ʃaa |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Daniel Valle, Zach Burnett, PLE |
Urarina |
Zea mays |
katoḍzi |
katotʃi |
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unique |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Daniel Valle, PLE |
Camsa |
Zea mays |
mátse |
mátse |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Daniel Valle |
Andoke |
Zea mays |
soboi |
soboi |
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unique |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Kelsey Neely, PLE |
Pumé |
Zea mays |
pʰʊɛ |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Paulina Franco, PLE |
Tinigua |
Zea mays |
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coːxa |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Zach Burnett |
Puinave |
Zea mays |
kãn |
kãn |
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loan |
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North Arawak |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Daniel Valle, Zach Burnett |
Warao |
Zea mays |
naukamo |
naukamo |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
John Blaha |
Ashuar |
Zea mays |
shaa |
ʃa: |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Daniel Valle |
Huambisa |
Zea mays |
shaa |
ʃa: |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Daniel Valle |
Aguaruna |
Zea mays |
sháa |
ʃáa |
|
doubtful loan (into protolanguage?), direction unknown |
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Ticuna tʃa |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Daniel Valle |
Nadëb/Roçado dialect |
Zea mays |
|
janati |
|
loan |
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Carib or TG? |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Ana Paula B., Pattie Epps |
Matses |
Zea mays |
picabo, shicshu |
pikabo, ʃikʃu |
|
unknown; loan into protolanguage |
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|
Arawak/Tacanan |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Daniel Valle, Becky Walker |
Kakataibo |
Zea mays |
|
ṣ̌ɨki |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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'To shell corn' ṣ̌ɨmɨ-. *Panoan *ṣ̌ɨʔmɨ-. *Panoan *ṣ̌ɨki. |
PLE |
Katukina |
Zea mays |
|
šɨki |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
PLE |
Pacahuara |
Zea mays |
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'ṣ̌ɨki |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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d'Orb šeki. Heath tséki. d'Orb šeki-šo 'young (green) corn'. |
PLE |
Shipibo-Konibo |
Zea mays |
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ṣ̌ɨki |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
PLE |
Yaminahua |
Zea mays |
|
ṣ̌iki |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
PLE |
Chácobo |
Zea mays |
ṣ̌ɨki |
ṣ̌ɨki |
|
loan into protolanguage |
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Arawak/Tacanan |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Joyce McCormick |
Yagua |
Zea mays |
didu |
ndindu |
|
unique |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Daniel Valle |
Southern Pastaza Quechua |
Zea mays |
sara |
saɾa |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Daniel Valle |
Ingá |
Zea mays |
sara |
sára(H&R) |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Daniel Valle |
Napo Lowland Quichua |
Zea mays |
sara |
saɾa |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Daniel Valle |
Quechua Ayacuchano |
Zea mays |
kaspa |
kaspa |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Daniel Valle, PLE |
Piaroa |
Zea mays |
(ear of corn) namɨt'ä |
namut'æ |
|
inheritance |
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|
See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Paulina Franco, Becky Walker |
Sáliva |
Zea mays |
llomo |
ʤomo |
|
inheritance |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Becky Walker |
Bará |
Zea mays |
|
'ódika |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Kelsey Neely, Tanja Baeuerlein, Amanda Meeks |
Barasano |
Zea mays |
oh'ó-riká |
oh'ó-riká |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Amanda Meeks |
Carapana |
Zea mays |
orica |
ɔɾika, 'ó-ríka |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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|
plant |
Amanda Meeks |
Makuna |
Zea mays |
ojorica |
oxolika, oho-rika |
|
semantic shift (in protolg?) |
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|
from banana; cf. Hup, Bora |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Amanda Meeks |
Yuruti |
Zea mays |
órika |
órika |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Amanda Meeks |
Waikhana |
Zea mays |
joo |
joo |
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See Language page |
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|
widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Amanda Meeks |
Siriano |
Zea mays |
ojodʉca |
ohodɨka |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Amanda Meeks |
Tanimuca |
Zea mays |
o'aka |
o'aka |
|
semantic shift (in protolg?) |
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from banana; cf. Hup, Bora |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Kelsey Neely, Aimee Lawrence |
Tatuyo |
Zea mays |
ó-'ríka |
ó-'ríka |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Emily Buell, Paulina Franco |
Tuyuka |
Zea mays |
jórika |
hórika |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
D. Jagannathan, Paulina Franco, Ana Paula B. |
Waimaja |
Zea mays |
ódikʰà |
ódikʰà |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Kelsey Neely |
Koreguaje |
Zea mays |
veavʉ |
beabʉ, βea |
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doubtful loan into protolanguage - WW |
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%bea |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Daniel Valle |
Siona |
Zea mays |
huea |
wea |
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doubtful loan into protolanguage - WW |
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%bea |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Daniel Valle, Aimee Lawrence |
Secoya |
Zea mays |
huea |
we'a |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Amanda Meeks |
Karitiana |
Zea mays |
gijo |
gijo |
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unknown |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Daniel Valle |
Kokama |
Zea mays |
ahuati |
awati |
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inheritance |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Zach Burnett, Daniel Valle |
Wayampi |
Zea mays |
awasi |
awasi |
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inheritance |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
PLE |
Aché |
Zea mays |
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wače |
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inheritance |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
PLE |
Chiriguano |
Zea mays |
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a'wati |
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inheritance |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
PLE |
Paraguayan Guaraní |
Zea mays |
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avati |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
PLE |
Sirionó |
Zea mays |
ibaši̯; abači̯ |
ibaši̯; abači̯ |
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inheritance |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Joyce McCormick, Becky Walker |
Kamayurá |
Zea mays |
awatsi (K12) |
awatsi (K12) |
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inheritance |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Rebekah L. Evans |
Ocaina |
Zea mays |
xóɸiiro |
xóɸiiro |
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unique |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Leslie Smith, Sarah Kuntz, Aimee Lawrence, PLE |
Nɨpode Witoto |
Zea mays |
béǰa |
bέdʒa |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Leslie Smith, Sarah Kuntz |
Minica Witoto |
Zea mays |
béǰa |
bέdʒa |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Leslie Smith, Sarah Kuntz |
Murui Witoto |
Zea mays |
beǰa |
bɛdʒa |
|
loan (into protolanguage?) - WW |
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%bea |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Leslie Smith, Sarah Kuntz, PLE |
Iquito |
Zea mays |
siíquiraja (general term); cajíyaaqui (variedad de maíz que tiene granos de varios colores); cáraaqui (mazorcas de maíz chico con granos grandes y choclos que crecen después de las primeras plantas); sacáruuqui (mazorca de maíz) |
siíkiraha (general term); kahíjaaki (variedad de maíz ke tiene granos de varios colores); káraaki (mazorcas de maíz chico con granos grandes j choclos ke crecen después de las primeras plantas); sakáruuki (mazorca de maíz) |
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doubtful loan into protolanguage - old WW |
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%šiki |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Cjnthia Hansen |
Záparo |
Zea mays |
sawku |
sawku |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Becky Walker |
Wari |
Zea mays |
mapak, papak (Sousa2009) |
mapak, papak (Sousa2009) |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
PLE |
Araona |
Zea mays |
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zia |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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*Tacn form is *ćixe. |
PLE |
Ese Ejja |
Zea mays |
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šixe |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
PLE |
Ese Ejja/Huarayo |
Zea mays |
e-šixe |
e-šixe |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Joyce McCormick |
Tacana |
Zea mays |
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ď̶ihe |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
PLE |
Cavineña |
Zea mays |
ihike |
ihike |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Joyce McCormick, Becky Walker |
Central Aymara |
Zea mays |
tonqo |
tunḳu |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
PLE |
Cayuvava |
Zea mays |
|
šiki; hiiki ~ hiki |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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'Boiled corn' is pɔ'ɔ-hiki. |
PLE |
Itonama |
Zea mays |
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u-čuʔu; kanasbɨsča |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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First ex. refers to corn on the cob. Also udame kaboro 'dark corn'; mayukomomo 'short ear of c.'; udame ɨkasɨ 'hard c'.; awɨhwɨ 'soft c'.; kačˀaʔda 'white c.'. |
PLE |
Kwazá |
Zea mays |
atxitxi |
atxitxi |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Joyce McCormick |
Mosetén-Chimané |
Zea mays |
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'tara |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Joyce McCormick, PLE |
Movima |
Zea mays |
kʷah-taʔa |
kʷax-taʔa |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Anissa Capuccino, Becky Walker |
Trumai |
Zea mays |
ot̯et̯ |
ot̯et̯ |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Rebekah L. Evans, PLE |
Kaingang |
Zea mays |
gãr |
ŋãr |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
PLE |
Suyá |
Zea mays |
wɔsɨ |
wɔsɨ |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
Rebekah Evans |
Karajá |
Zea mays |
|
mai |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
PLE |
Djeoromitxi |
Zea mays |
txitxi |
tʃitʃi |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
PLE |
Chipaya |
Zea mays |
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tara |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
PLE |
Pilagá |
Zea mays |
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'tawaʁa |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
PLE |
Toba |
Zea mays |
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ʔawaʁa |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
PLE |
Lengua |
Zea mays |
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latsehe |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
PLE |
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité |
Zea mays |
|
latsihi; latsaktik |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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The latter is white corn. |
PLE |
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet |
Zea mays |
|
seʔheʔ; latseʔheʔ |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
PLE |
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay |
Zea mays |
|
siput'ka |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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Refers to the ear of corn. A grain of corn is siput'ka ɬuʔ, lit. 'corn (its) seed'. |
PLE |
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja |
Zea mays |
|
ipyek (m.) |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
PLE |
Maca |
Zea mays |
|
naac̷ˀaxik (m.) |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
PLE |
Nivaclé |
Zea mays |
|
niklɔʔc̷ič |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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plant |
PLE |
Ayoreo |
Zea mays |
|
edo ee'toi; edo ua'ha-di |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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|
Refers to hard c., 15.740. Sweet c. is edo pa'rataai, 15.750; yellow sweet c. is edo 'sarẽ-i 15.690; popcorn is 'geen̥a-pitai 12.560; blue c. is ugare-'tei; c. on the cob is 'geen̥a u'po-i, 15.680; shelled c. is geen̥a'ɲ̥u-nieʔ; 'geen̥a-pina'su-i; sparce |
PLE |
Mapudungun |
Zea mays |
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uwa |
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See Language page |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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Ranquel form is wa. |
PLE |
Lokono |
Zea mays |
marishi |
mariʃi |
corn |
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Fanshawe 1949:69 |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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no |
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Camille Unger |
Kariña |
Zea mays |
awasi |
awasi |
corn |
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Courtz 2007:249 |
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widespread, esp. in river floodplains |
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no |
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Camille Unger |