Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

again

Semantic Field
grammar
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
de nuevo, otra vez
Meaning Portuguese
de novo

Languages

Language Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Etymology Notes Source Created By General Notes
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone tya-syn “also, again” inheritance Jane Hill
Central Sierra Miwok 7icha/7 inheritance Jane Hill
Chumash Barbareno -ij unknown Wash 2001:23 Jane Hill
Chumash Ineseno -es unknown A 460 Jane Hill
Cocopa -i:, -iy, -ya unknown Jane Hill
Comanche tyasy inheritance Jane Hill
Cupeño hanaka [hanəkə] unknown Jane Hill
Gabrielino wa--a--ky /we7ekay/? unknown CHM/MC255 Jane Hill
Iipay 'Aa nyinyuy [ɲɪˈɲʊi] inheritance Jane Hill
Kiliwa kW-p-7nyi-7-i7 inheritance Jane Hill
Kitanemuk hamyk inheritance Jane Hill
Lake Miwok Se/wi, Se unknown Jane Hill
Luiseño yu7pun, yu7pan unknown Jane Hill
Maidu be/jbym inheritance Jane Hill
Mojave maadaw! chanyoo= “do again” unknown Jane Hill
Mutsun 7iThin unknown O77:81, 302 Jane Hill
Nisenan kan, kanno inheritance Jane Hill
Northern Paiute tiwau “again, also” unknown Thornes 03:241 Jane Hill
Northern Sierra Miwok 7eca7 inheritance Jane Hill
Plains Miwok 7a:j unknown Jane Hill
Salinan A te/n (p. 9); unknown Jane Hill
Salinan M missing missing Jane Hill
Seri (Comcaac) mos unknown Jane Hill
Serrano hamek (hamyk) inheritance R&E2000:218, 290 Jane Hill
Southern Paiute -c:u- (encl) unknown Jane Hill
Southern Ute uupas, uupa7as unknown Jane Hill
Tübatulabal shiiwpa unknown Jane Hill
Tümpisa Shoshone pinnasy inheritance Jane Hill
Washo ya/:sa7 unknown J? Jane Hill
Western Mono pina/sU cap vowel voiceless inheritance Jane Hill
Wintu hiwehi unknown Jane Hill
Yavapai ?i^:nka “soon, again; wait!” unknown Jane Hill
Yokuts Yawdanchi batc-yo “again” inheritance K07:237 Jane Hill
Yokuts Yowlumne yow N 238 unknown K 1963 Jane Hill
Yuki ha,sha,(7) , is nasalization on preceding V unknown S&S 1984 Jane Hill
Carijona ha (M2000) inheritance See Language page Melody Ann Ross, Zach Burnett, PLE
Cubeo cojedeca koxedeka unknown See Language page Kelsey Neely; Tanja Baeuerlein
Dâw beèy bæ̂j inheritance See Language page Ana Paula B., Pattie Epps
Eñepa t-yako-pe (IDS) t-jako-pe (IDS) unknown See Language page Melody Ann Ross
Hodï kolo'ba unique See Language page Paulina Franco, Bettie Gonzalez
Waorani wæætẽ unique See Language page Paulina Franco, Bettie Gonzalez, PLE
Hup cã́p taʔ (lit. other time) ~cáp taʔ (lit. other time) unique See Language page Pattie Epps
Kakua panʔmɨnt [and.so.like.this/ discourse marker; fᵂɨ̂bm [return] unknown See Language page Katherine Bolaños
Makushi inɨʔrɨ (IDS) inɨʔrɨ (IDS) unknown See Language page Melody Ann Ross
Nheengatu ãmũramẽkuri (uma outra vez) ãmũramẽkuri (uma outra vez) inheritance See Language page John Blaha, Lauren Franklin
Ninam kõ, kotha (EM72) kõ, kotʰa inheritance See Language page Kelsey Neely
Resígaro apoᵰú apon̟ú inheritance See Language page Ana Paula B.
Sanumá kõ, sota (EM72) kõ, sota inheritance See Language page Kelsey Neely
Sikuani aurijibia (24), orijibia (3), matawüjüa (3), ikatsia (1) auríjibía, orijíbia, matawǘjüa, ikatsiá unknown See Language page Jonathan Quintanilla, Rebecca Khorram, PLE
Kotiria tjoa (Waltz) tjoa (Waltz) unknown See Language page D. Jagannathan, Tanja Bauerlein
Yanomam kõ, kotao kõ, kotao inheritance See Language page Kelsey Neely
Yukuna piño piño inheritance See Language page Ana Paula B., PLE
Arabana yata inheritance Claire Bowern
Bardi belai belayi inheritance Claire Bowern
Bunuba [missing] missing Claire Bowern
Burarra mola unknown Claire Bowern
Dhangu biyapul unknown Claire Bowern
Dhuwal 2255 inheritance Claire Bowern
Dhuwala bulu inheritance Claire Bowern
Diyari pota inheritance Claire Bowern
DiyariREU [missing] missing Claire Bowern
Djambarrpuyngu bulu Claire Bowern
Djapu bulu inheritance Claire Bowern
Djinang madjirri unknown Claire Bowern
Gajirrabeng beri inheritance Claire Bowern
Gooniyandi [missing] missing Claire Bowern
Gupapuyngu 2256 inheritance Claire Bowern
Gurindji -rningan inheritance Claire Bowern
Jabirr-Jabirr belai belayi inheritance Claire Bowern
Jaru mayarra inheritance Claire Bowern
Karajarri 4229 unknown Claire Bowern
Kija X inheritance Claire Bowern
Malyangapa [missing] missing Claire Bowern
Mangala yalpara unknown Claire Bowern
Miriwung beri inheritance Claire Bowern
Mithaka [missing] missing Claire Bowern
Mudburra jandarni loan Claire Bowern
Mudburra jandarni loan Claire Bowern
Ngamini kalara unique Claire Bowern
Ngandi buluki loan Claire Bowern
Ngarluma ngardilyilba inheritance Claire Bowern
Nhirrpi [missing] missing Claire Bowern
Northern Mangarla yalparra Claire Bowern
Northern Nyangumarta yarrana unknown Claire Bowern
Nyangumarta yarrana unknown Claire Bowern
Nyikina giya kiya unknown Claire Bowern
Nyulnyul belai belayi inheritance Claire Bowern
Paakantyi nhantama unique Claire Bowern
Pirriya [missing] missing Claire Bowern
Pitta-Pitta lhayingurru unique Claire Bowern
Rirratjingu [missing] missing Claire Bowern
Ritharrngu 2256 inheritance Claire Bowern
Walmajarri yarnta inheritance Claire Bowern
Wangkayutyuru [missing] missing Claire Bowern
Wubuy ngijang inheritance Claire Bowern
Yan-nhangu rathabi unknown Claire Bowern
Yandruwandha puthakurnu inheritance Claire Bowern
Yarluyandi yada inheritance Claire Bowern
Yawarrawarrka kanpa inheritance? Claire Bowern
Yawuru ngurru ngurru unknown Claire Bowern
Achagua bánio bánio inheritance See Language page Ana Paula B., PLE
Piapoco àniwa àniwa See Language page Ana Paula B., PLE
Yavitero ha'c̷inuwa haʔtsinuwa See Language page Ana Paula B., PLE
Wapishana kʰušan kʰušan unknown See Language page Ana Paula B.
Wayuu hɨ-čikuaaya See Language page PLE
Paresi hitiya, tehitiya hitija, tehitija unique See Language page Ana Paula B., PLE
Ignaciano apahe See Language page PLE
Trinitario #NAME? See Language page PLE
Waurá -ma; ɨnama -ma; ɨnama unknown See Language page Joyce McCormick
Cha'palaa 'ma'nen; 'me'nen; 'me'len See Language page PLE
Bora tsiíñe (T98) tsʰiíñe unknown See Language page Leslie Smith, Sarah Kuntz, PLE
Muinane dójɨcuvɨro (W97) dóxɨkuβɨro See Language page Leslie Smith, Sarah Kuntz, PLE
Akawaio ganang ganaŋ unknown See Language page Melody Ann Ross, Lauren Franklin
Apalai ropa ropa inheritance See Language page Rebekah L. Evans
Wayana lopa [C: Apalai loan] lopa [C: Apalai loan] doubtful loan Apalai (acc. Camargo2009, but sound correspondences appear regular?) See Language page PLE
Tiriyó _pa _pa inheritance See Language page Becky Walker
Makiritare dea (IDS) dea (IDS) unknown See Language page Melody Ann Ross, Karina Baeza
Wai Wai ša hara ša hara unknown See Language page Melody Ann Ross
Waimiri Atroari arakypahky arakɨpahkɨ See Language page Melody Ann Ross, PLE
Yukpa chotpi´n, ep, epe, etpa, etpe, yakavno, isarpa, narpa, nasirik, ochorpa, sa´kar, sarpa, yepe See Language page Ana Paula B., Melody Ann Ross
Kalapalo gehale gehale unknown See Language page Joyce McCormick
Muisca fihistan pihistan See Language page Daniel Valle
Northern Emberá oa'ya (IDS) oa'ya (IDS) See Language page Jonathan Quintanilla, PLE
Epena wa'ya See Language page PLE
Macaguan ichí itʃí unknown See Language page Ana Paula B., Rebecca Khorram
Páez cuj us (several times) kux us See Language page Daniel Valle
Tikuna wena [1, 5] wena unique See Language page Daniel Valle, Zach Burnett, PLE
Urarina kwajteĩ kwajteĩ unique See Language page Daniel Valle, PLE
Camsa ínye ínje See Language page Daniel Valle, Anissa Capuchino
Andoke '-həə '-həə unique See Language page Kelsey Neely, PLE
Pumé ado See Language page Paulina Franco, PLE
Puinave sɨi sɨi unique See Language page Daniel Valle, Zach Burnett
Ashuar aták aták See Language page Daniel Valle
Huambisa atak atak See Language page Daniel Valle
Aguaruna aták, yamá atak, jama inheritance; unknown See Language page Daniel Valle
Nadëb/Roçado dialect ta kǝ:h hã unknown See Language page Ana Paula B., Pattie Epps
Matses padpide padpide unknown See Language page Daniel Valle, Becky Walker
Katukina -ʔo See Language page PLE
Yaminahua aβi-anã; anã See Language page PLE
Yagua jnay; junay; -ntiy (do sthg again) xnay; xu:na:j; -ntiy unique See Language page Daniel Valle
Southern Pastaza Quechua cuti kuti See Language page Daniel Valle
Ingá ikuti ikuti See Language page Daniel Valle
Napo Lowland Quichua cuti kuti See Language page Daniel Valle
Quechua Ayacuchano kuti (CP94) kuti See Language page Daniel Valle, PLE
Sáliva jõõdahguih hõːdaʔgʷiʔ See Language page Becky Walker
Koreguaje checʉcho dʒekʉdʒo unknown See Language page Daniel Valle
Kokama catu katu unknown See Language page Zach Burnett, Daniel Valle
Wayampi ãmũ; wɔyĩ ãmũ; wɔjĩ inheritance; unknown See Language page PLE
Aché emi inheritance See Language page PLE
Chiriguano ǰewɨ inheritance See Language page PLE
Paraguayan Guaraní ǰevɨ; ǰeɨ See Language page PLE
Sirionó -be; hi̯; no -be; hi̯; no unknown See Language page Joyce McCormick, Becky Walker
Ocaina añ..iiracáh/añ..ííracán̈uh aɲ:iirakáʔ/aɲíírakã́ɯʔ unknown See Language page Leslie Smith, Sarah Kuntz, PLE
Murui Witoto abɨdo abɯdo (B83) unknown See Language page Leslie Smith, Sarah Kuntz, PLE
Iquito imɨráani imɨráani unknown See Language page Cynthia Hansen
Wari mami' (E&K97) mamiʔ (E&K97) See Language page PLE
Araona ǰa-iša; iša See Language page PLE Also noawe.
Ese Ejja oʔoya inheritance See Language page PLE
Ese Ejja/Huarayo oo-ya; o-ʔoya (Girard 1971) oo-ya; o-ʔoya See Language page Joyce McCormick
Tacana ne(ʔ)iča See Language page PLE Also suffix -ča.
Cavineña todʸa-noka-dʸa; yodihidʸa (noka is "fold") todʸa-noka-dʸa; yodihidʸa inheritance See Language page Joyce McCormick, Becky Walker
Central Aymara wasitata maampi See Language page PLE
Cayuvava -iiɲæ ~ iiɲe See Language page PLE
Kwazá bonyhỹ, -je?e, -e bonyhỹ, -je?e, -e See Language page Joyce McCormick
Mosetén-Chimané 'hambi See Language page Joyce McCormick, PLE Also means 'still, yet'.
Movima rei-ka rei-ka See Language page Anissa Capuccino, Becky Walker
Kaingang mãn (IDS) mãn See Language page PLE
Karajá išəbɨ; išitɨre See Language page PLE
Chipaya wilta See Language page PLE
Mocoví l-iya; lotḳai See Language page PLE The former is '3p possessor-other'.
Pilagá ḳataʁa See Language page PLE
Toba ḳaltaḳ See Language page PLE
Lengua makham See Language page PLE
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité anhan ~ nahan See Language page PLE Also -akhiyi attached to verb.
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet mokham See Language page PLE
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay ya'čaho See Language page PLE Also ka'mah.
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja eekewaxa See Language page PLE
Maca iye See Language page PLE
Nivaclé šita; weʔɬeeš kun again; again https://ids.clld.org/ PLE
Ayoreo -apoo ...rĩ; -poo ... rĩ See Language page PLE
Mapudungun ka See Language page PLE Same in Ranquel.
Qawasqar ḳoteyo See Language page PLE
Selknam kˀòn See Language page PLE
Tehuelche 'āwe See Language page PLE
Lokono ba ba again Pet 1987:349 Camille Unger
Kariña rapa rapa again Courtz 2007:358 Camille Unger