Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

2sg

Semantic Field
grammar
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
xx
Meaning Portuguese
xx

Languages

Language Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Etymology Notes General Notes Source
Bankalachi Toloim um-pe' 223, min 223; ümbi (K1907) inheritance
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone yn inheritance
Cahuilla 7e (final 7 too but ods doesn't like) inheritance S 1977
Central Sierra Miwok mi:ni- inheritance
Chemehuevi ym(i) sg inheritance
Chumash Barbareno p-; pi7 (indep. inheritance Ono 1996:21, 96
Chumash Cruzeno pi7i inheritance JPH
Chumash Ineseno pi7 inheritance A 15, 168
Chumash Obispeno pi7 inheritance
Chumash Ventureno pi; ynip B67:12; p- inheritance Pinart II
Cocopa m, mapu/ inheritance
Comanche yny inheritance
Cupeño e' [ɁəɁ] inheritance
Esselen neme unknown Shaul 1995:209
Gabrielino 7a7 inheritance
Iipay 'Aa maa [maˑ] inheritance
Kawaiisu 7imi inheritance
Kiliwa ma7-(p) inheritance
Kitanemuk 7ymy7 inheritance
Lake Miwok mi/i inheritance
Luiseño 7om inheritance
Maidu mi/ inheritance
Mojave manych inheritance
Mutsun me:n “you”; -me inheritance O73, 104, 165
Nisenan mi inheritance
Northern Paiute y inheritance Thornes 03:157
Northern Sierra Miwok mi:- inheritance
Plains Miwok mi:-, inheritance
Salinan A mo7 (A, M) unknown
Salinan M mo' unknown Mason 1918:32
Seri (Comcaac) me unknown
Serrano ymi7 inheritance
Southern Paiute im:i- inheritance
Southern Sierra Miwok mi-, mi:n, mi:ni- inheritance
Southern Ute ymY inheritance
Tübatulabal ympi (subj) inheritance
Tümpisa Shoshone yy inheritance
Wappo mi/7 inheritance
Washo leum unknown K268
Western Mono 7y: inheritance
Wintu mi inheritance
Yavapai ma/:ch, ma/: inheritance
Yokuts Palewyami ma7 inheritance JP Gamble 91
Yokuts Yawdanchi ma sg, inheritance K07:261
Yokuts Yowlumne ma:/ inheritance N1944:229
Yuki me7, mi7, meh inheritance S&S 1984
Baniwa phía phía inheritance See Language page
Carijona əmərə inheritance See Language page
Cubeo mi mi inheritance See Language page
Dâw ʔãm inheritance See Language page
Desano mʉhʉ mɨ ʔɨ inheritance See Language page
Eñepa amən amən inheritance See Language page
Hodï keh/kye unknown cf. Cofan kʸɛ See Language page
Waorani bi-tõ unique See Language page
Hup ʔám ~ʔab inheritance See Language page
Kakua měm inheritance See Language page
Makushi á-mɨ-rɨ́ á-mɨ-rɨ́ inheritance See Language page
Nheengatu re, ere, indé re, ere, indé inheritance See Language page
Ninam kahowa; wa, kaho (EM72) kahowa; wa inheritance See Language page
Nukak mɛɛm2 inheritance See Language page
Maihiki mɨ mɨ inheritance See Language page
Pemon yure (A1981); a- (reduced form of [amörö]) (E1980); amörö (M2000) ʎʊrɛ (A1981); a- (reduced form of [amörö]) (E1980) inheritance See Language page
Resígaro phá, phú pʰá, pʰú inheritance See Language page
Sanumá kawa (EM72) kawa inheritance See Language page
Sikuani xamü (2) xámɨ inheritance See Language page
Tariana piha, phia piha, pʰia inheritance See Language page
Tukano mʉ'ʉ́ mɨ'ɨ́ inheritance E-W Tuk See Language page
Kotiria ~bʉ'ʉ/~bʉ ~bʉʔʉ/~bʉ inheritance E-W Tuk See Language page
Yanomam kafɨwa (EM72) kafɨwa (EM72) inheritance See Language page
Yanomami wa, kahə (EM72) wa, kahə (EM72) inheritance See Language page
Yukuna piká piká inheritance See Language page
Yuhup ʔãb ~ʔab inheritance See Language page
Arabana unpa inheritance
Bardi ju ju inheritance
Bunuba [missing] missing
Burarra ny- inheritance
Dhangu nhonu inheritance
Dhuwal nhe inheritance
Dhuwala nhe inheritance
Diyari yini inheritance
DiyariREU jidni inheritance
Djambarrpuyngu nhe inheritance
Djapu nhe inheritance
Djinang ñuni inheritance
Gajirrabeng genyeng inheritance
Gooniyandi nginyji
Gupapuyngu nhe inheritance
Gurindji nyuntu inheritance
Jabirr-Jabirr djoe joe inheritance
Jaru nyundu inheritance
Jawi jurninji jurninji inheritance
Karajarri nyuntu inheritance
Kija nyengen inheritance
Malyangapa imba inheritance
Mangala nyuntu inheritance
Miriwung nyengoo inheritance
Mithaka yini inheritance
Mudburra nyundu inheritance
Mudburra nyundu inheritance
Ngamini yini inheritance
Ngarluma yenco and yeenta inheritance
Ngumbarl joo, jooa juwa inheritance
Nhirrpi ini inheritance
Northern Mangarla nyuntu
Northern Nyangumarta nyuntu waraja inheritance
Nyangumarta nyuntu waraja inheritance
Nyikina juwaj juwaj inheritance
Nyulnyul djoe joe inheritance
Paakantyi imba inheritance
Pirriya yinawa inheritance
Pitta-Pitta inpa inheritance
Rirratjingu nhunu inheritance
Ritharrngu nhe inheritance
Walmajarri nyuntu inheritance
Wangkayutyuru [missing] missing
Warrwa ju XXngl erg juwana ju inheritance
Yan-nhangu nhunu inheritance
Yandruwandha ini inheritance
Yarluyandi yini inheritance
Yawarrawarrka yini inheritance
Yawuru juyu juyu inheritance
Achagua hija hija inheritance See Language page
Piapoco pía pía See Language page
Kabiyari phé, pi- phé, pi- See Language page
Yavitero hiya-ha hija-ha See Language page
Bare bĩ bĩ See Language page
Wapishana pʰɨgar-ɨ pʰɨgar-ɨ inheritance Proto North Arawak See Language page
Mandawaka híjaha, hi- híjaha, hi- See Language page
Wayuu ni-a (~ nɨ-ya); hi-a (~ hɨ-ya) Respectively: 'he'; 'she'. See Language page
Yine pitʸa; p-; pɨ- *Piro-Apuriná forms are *pitia; *p-; *pɨ-. See Language page
Paresi hiso hitso inheritance See Language page
Ignaciano 'pi-ti See Language page
Trinitario p-; pʸ- The latter occurs before back vowels. Pronoun is piti. See Language page
Baure pi-'ti pi-'ti inheritance See Language page
Waurá pi-c̷u pi-¢u inheritance See Language page
Arutani kaykate/ ka- kaykate/ ka- See Language page
Sape kapɨ kapɨ See Language page
Cha'palaa ɲu-ʔ Possessive: 'your' is ɲuʔ; 'yours' is 'ɲu-či. See Language page
Bora ïḯ ɯɯ́ inheritance See Language page
Muinane ɨ́ɨ́-xóʔo ɨ́ɨ́-xóʔo See Language page
Akawaio a- (reduced form of [amörö]) a- (reduced form of[amörö]) inheritance Proto-Carib See Language page
Akawaio/Ingariko dialect amɤrɤ amɤrɤ See Language page
Apalai omoro omoro inheritance See Language page
Wayana ëmë ǝmǝ inheritance See Language page
Tiriyó əmə, əmənjamo əmə, əmənjamo inheritance See Language page
Makiritare əmədə (IDS); ömö:dö (KH) əmədə (IDS); əmə:də (KH) inheritance See Language page
Mapoyo ërë (mërë) ɛrɛ (mɛrɛ) See Language page
Wai Wai amoro amoro inheritance See Language page
Waimiri Atroari amyry~amyra amɨrɨ~amɨra See Language page
Yabarana mərə See Language page
Yukpa am, amo, ejpue amo See Language page
Muisca mue mue See Language page
Barí bai Colombia: bai. *Chibchan form is *'baʔ; second person prefix is *bi-. See Language page
Northern Emberá bʉ́ bʉ́ See Language page
Epena pɨ; 'pɨči Respectively: unmarked; marked. 'Yours (sg.)' is pë're, with underlying form: pɨ-'de. See Language page
Guayabero xam inheritance Proto-Guahiban See Language page
Macaguan kam inheritance Proto-Guahiban See Language page
Cuiva xam usted, you (singular) Huber & Reed 1992:201
Playero xámɨ See Language page
Cofán que kʸɛ phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS See Language page
Candoshi-Shapra shiya ʃija unique See Language page
Taushiro iyo ijo See Language page
Páez icha (female addressee), ingui (male addressee) itʃa , ingi See Language page
Tikuna cumax [5, 4] kumaʔ unique See Language page
Urarina ii i: unique See Language page
Camsa ek ek See Language page
Andoke ha'ə haʔə unique See Language page
Pumé mẽnẽ See Language page
Puinave mam mam unique See Language page
Máku e:ne e:ne See Language page
Warao ihi, yatu ihi, yatu See Language page
Ashuar áme amɯ See Language page
Huambisa ame amɨ See Language page
Aguaruna áme ámɨ inheritance See Language page
Nadëb/Roçado dialect ʔɔ̃m, ma- (subj proclitic), a- (subj modifier) inheritance See Language page
Nadëb/Rio Negro dialect ʔɔ̃m See Language page
Matses mi mi inheritance/Panoan See Language page
Kakataibo mii *Panoan *mi. See Language page
Katukina mia; miã; mĩ See Language page
Shipibo-Konibo mi-a See Language page
Yaminahua mĩ; mia Respectively: ergative; absolutive. See Language page
Chácobo mi-a mi-a inheritance/Panoan See Language page
Yagua ji xi unique See Language page
Southern Pastaza Quechua can kan See Language page
Ingá kam kam See Language page
Napo Lowland Quichua can kan See Language page
Quechua Ayacuchano qam qam See Language page
Piaroa uku uku inheritance See Language page
Sáliva ũcu ũcu inheritance See Language page
Bará bɨ'bɨ̃́ See Language page
Barasano ~bʉ ~bʉ See Language page
Carapana mʉ mɨ̃ See Language page
Makuna ~bɨ ~bɨ inheritance See Language page
Yuruti bɨ̃́ bɨ̃́ See Language page
Waikhana bɨ̃'ʔɨ̃ bɨ̃'ʔɨ̃ See Language page
Siriano mʉʉ́ mɨɨ́ See Language page
Tanimuca bĩ'ĩ bĩ'ĩ inheritance See Language page
Tatuyo bɨ̃ɨ̃ bɨ̃ɨ̃ See Language page
Tuyuka bɨ̃'ɨ̃ bɨ̃ʔɨ̃ See Language page
Waimaja mɨ̃́ mɨ̃́ See Language page
Koreguaje mʉ'ʉ mʉʔʉ inheritance See Language page
Siona mɨ̃ʔɨ̃ mɨ̃ʔɨ̃ inheritance See Language page
Secoya më'ë mɨ̃ʔ'ɨ̃ See Language page
Karitiana a a unknown See Language page
Kokama ene ene inheritance See Language page
Wayampi ɛlɛ-; ɛnɛ ɛlɛ-; ɛnɛ inheritance See Language page
Aché ǰe unknown See Language page
Chiriguano ⁿde inheritance See Language page
Paraguayan Guaraní ⁿde See Language page
Sirionó ne ne inheritance See Language page
Kamayurá ene ene inheritance See Language page
Ocaina on, oun õ; õɯ̃ inheritance See Language page
Nɨpode Witoto o o See Language page
Minica Witoto o o See Language page
Murui Witoto o o inheritance See Language page
Iquito quia-, quiáaja (stand-alone pronominal form) kia-, kiáaha (stand-alone pronominal form) inheritance See Language page
Záparo cha= ʧa See Language page
Wari wum wum Emphatic pronoun. See Language page
Araona mi; mi-ǰa; mi-ǰa-ha See Language page
Ese Ejja mi(y)a; miyaya inheritance/Tacanan See Language page
Ese Ejja/Huarayo mi(y)a; miyaya; mi-a (Girard 1971) mi(y)a; miyaya; mi-a See Language page
Tacana mida; miada Intransitive and transitive, respectively. See Language page
Cavineña mi; mi-ke mi; mi-ke inheritance/Tacanan See Language page
Central Aymara juma xuma See Language page
Cayuvava p-; pi- ~ ipi-; apa- See Language page
Itonama oʔni; koʔni Respectively: masc.; fem. See Language page
Mosetén-Chimané mi See Language page
Movima ulcuan (J62) ulkuan See Language page
Trumai hi hi unique See Language page
Kaingang ã ʔã See Language page
Canela ɨnkre- See Language page
Suyá ka, ga ka, ga See Language page
Karajá kai See Language page
Djeoromitxi adje adʒe See Language page
Chipaya am 'Yours' is am-ta. See Language page
Mocoví ḳamiʔ See Language page
Pilagá ʔam See Language page
Toba ʔam See Language page
Lengua ɬiyi-p; ɬiyi Respectively: masc.; feminine forms. See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité ɬiyap; ɬiya See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet ɬeyaʔ; ɬeep See Language page
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay ɬam See Language page
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja am See Language page
Maca akhaʔ See Language page
Nivaclé a-'waača you (singular) https://ids.clld.org/
Ayoreo ua See Language page
Mapudungun fey Ranquel form is kiðu. See Language page
Qawasqar c̷aw Bo, Sk, Gui record c̷awɬ for Central QWS. See Language page
Tehuelche (zero); t-; 'tā See Language page
Lokono bi bi 2nd SG. Pet 1987:23
Kariña amoro amoro 2sg Courtz 2007:52