Hunter-Gatherer Language Database

acorn bread

Semantic Field: food
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
Meaning Portuguese

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Language	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Etymology Notes	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	General Notes	Source

Language	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Etymology Notes	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	Source
Bankalachi Toloim	pah'-aht		cakes of mush hardened in water, acorn bread	unique							other complex		Merriam 49:197
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone	missing			missing
Cahuilla	saw-iš		tortilla	inheritance	*saw-	Takic		WW	%saw	Stubbs 2011 266c; there are similar words in northern and central CA languages, a loan into Proto-Takic from somewhere	other complex		Seiler & Hioki 1979
Central Sierra Miwok	7ylé-		acorn bread	inheritance		Proto-Sierra Miwok				JHH	simplex		Freeland & Broadbent 1960
Chemehuevi	missing			missing
Chumash Barbareno	missing			missing
Chumash Ineseno	k'apit'		ball of acorn dough baked in hot ashes	loan			Yokuts			JPH	simplex		Applegate 1972
Chumash Obispeno	te/-tĭ-ti-na		bread	loan			Spanish	WW	%tortilla		simplex		Henshaw (Heizer)
Chumash Ventureno	missing			missing
Cocopa	missing			missing
Comanche	missing			missing
Cupeño	$awish		acorn bread	loan into protolanguage	*saw-	Takic	Wintun	WW	%saw	Stubbs 2011 266c; see discussion with Cahuilla	other complex		Hill & Nolasquez 1973
Esselen	missing			missing
Gabrielino	pēCH-kā-e		cakes of mush hardened in water, acorn bread	unique							other complex		Merriam 49:109
Iipay 'Aa	7epap		bread	unknown						me-yesHL 'acorn bread' CHM 38:219	simplex		Couro & Hutcheson 1973
Kawaiisu	missing			missing
Kiliwa	missing			missing
Kitanemuk	kame'nič		bread ('roasted in buried coals? JHH)	unique							other complex		Anderton 1988:401 (English-K side only)
Lake Miwok	cíppa		acorn bread, any type of bread	inheritance	*cíp:a	Proto-Western Miwok				Callagan 1970:13 (Bodega Miwok Dictionary)	simplex		Callaghan 1965
Luiseño	$aawokish		tortilla, bread	loan into protolanguage	*saw-	Takic	Wintun	WW	%saw	Stubbs 2011 266c; see Cahuilla for discussion	derived, other complex		Elliott 1999
Maidu	maháti		acorn bread	unique						note protowintun *ma:La 'bake' Shepherd 2006:125; better, note maskala in Mins, Mip -- could this be from that??	derived	mahát make bread	Shipley 1963
Mojave	missing			missing
Mutsun	setnen		acorn bread (of acorns and "mongo" Mason 1916:434)	inheritance		Proto-Costanoan				Sta. Cruz sit-nen (Henshaw in Heizer 1955); Merriam heard "shret-te-nen" 39:107; Mason 1916:434 has at.e 'acorn bread'; Henshaw p/u-lu-ma	derived	suffix -n	Okrand 1977
Nisenan	suloj		loaf of acorn bread	unique							simplex		Uldall & Shipley 1966
Northern Paiute	missing			missing
Northern Sierra Miwok	maskala-		acorn bread; thick or hard acorn mush	unknown						same as Mie, funny-looking word. Must be loan from somewhere.	simplex		Callaghan 1987
Plains Miwok	maskala-, ma:skala-		acorn bread; bread	loan			Northern Sierra Miwok			Almost certainly not a loan from Spanish bocada as suggested by Callaghan 1984, but same as Mins form and Mip should not have /s/, should be /7/ in this position??	simplex		Callaghan 1984
Salinan A	k'enin		acorn bread	unknown		Proto-Salinan					simplex		Mason 1918
Salinan M	k'one/<		acorn bread	unknown		Proto-Salinan					other complex		Mason 1918
Seri (Comcaac)	missing			missing
Serrano	$āwt		acorn bread	loan into protolanguage	*saw-	Takic	Wintun	WW	%saw	Stubbs 2011 266c	other complex		K. Hill Dict.
Southern Paiute	missing			missing
Southern Sierra Miwok	7yl:e-		coarse acorn mush, acorn bread	inheritance		Proto-Sierra Miwok				JHH	simplex	nt	Broadbent 1964
Southern Ute	missing			missing
Tübatulabal	tappishīl, tapshīl	Note: pp, mm etc. do not lenite to b, w, etc. But 'p' >b, ts > dz, etc. Sh is š, ch is č. Macrons are long.	bread	unique						Unpublished compilation of all sources with Tb. Lexicon; this is July 2010 version	other complex		K. Hill Tub>Eng
Tümpisa Shoshone	missing			missing
Wappo	šáwo		acorn bread	loan			Patwin	WW	%saw	note Y.Yawl. Sah-sah--Wanderwort?	simplex		Elmendorf 1998
Washo	wá:laš		bread	unknown							simplex		Washo Project Dictionary
Western Mono	qonowOI7		acorn biscuits (dumplings)	unique							compound		Loether & Bethel 1993
Wintu	sa:w		any kind of food, acorn bread	inheritance	*sa:w	Proto-Wintun		WW	%saw	Shepherd 2006:166	simplex		Schlichter 1981
Yavapai	missing			missing
Yokuts Palewyami	kah-ahs		acorn cake hardened in water							CHM	simplex		Berman 2002
Yokuts Yawdanchi	tipin		acorn bread made in flat basket	inheritance		Proto-Nim-Yokuts				kodwidin acorn bread cooked in water; caca-ñitc acorn bread cooked in hole, t'adic soft acorn bread cooked in rocks (244)	derived	verbal noun in -n	Kroeber 1907
Yokuts Yawelmani	sah-sah		acorn bread	inheritance		Proto-Nim-Yokuts		WW	%saw	note Yawd. caca-ñitc acorn bread cooked in hole (Kroeber 1907); also pow-num-too-yă; ki-is 'meal baked on hot stones' Merriam 44:531	simplex		Merriam 44:195
Yuki	hu7utmil, hoo-til		acorn bread	inheritance	*huhtil'	Proto-North Yukian					simplex		Schlichter 1985


Bankalachi Toloim
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone
Cahuilla
Central Sierra Miwok
Chemehuevi
Chumash Barbareno
Chumash Ineseno
Chumash Obispeno
Chumash Ventureno
Cocopa
Comanche
Cupeño
Esselen
Gabrielino
Iipay 'Aa
Kawaiisu
Kiliwa
Kitanemuk
Lake Miwok
Luiseño
Maidu
Mojave
Mutsun
Nisenan
Northern Paiute
Northern Sierra Miwok
Plains Miwok
Salinan A
Salinan M
Seri (Comcaac)
Serrano
Southern Paiute
Southern Sierra Miwok
Southern Ute
Tübatulabal
Tümpisa Shoshone
Wappo
Washo
Western Mono
Wintu
Yavapai
Yokuts Palewyami
Yokuts Yawdanchi
Yokuts Yawelmani
Yuki

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