pismo clam
- Semantic Field
- flora-fauna
- Part of Speech
- Meaning Spanish
- Meaning Portuguese
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Languages
| Language | Linnean Name | Orthographic Form | Phonemicized Form | Gloss as in Source | Etymology Code | Proto-Form | Proto-Language | Loan Source | Etymology Notes | Wanderwort Status | Etyma Set | Range of Term | Word Structure | Word Structure Notes | Classifier | Classifier Notes | Hypernym | Source | Association with Social Categories | Ritual/Mythologically Significant | Ritual Notes | Food Source | Food Notes | Medicinal | Medicinal Notes | How Collected | Who Collects | How Prepared | Psychotropic | Psychotropic Notes | Traded | Trade Notes | Distribution | Habitat | Dangerous | Ethnobiology Notes | Species Notes | General Notes |
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Language | Linnean Name | Orthographic Form | Phonemicized Form | Gloss as in Source | Etymology Code | Proto-Form | Proto-Language | Loan Source | Etymology Notes | Wanderwort Status | Etyma Set | Range of Term | Word Structure | Word Structure Notes | Classifier | Classifier Notes | Hypernym | Source | Association with Social Categories | Ritual/Mythologically Significant | Ritual Notes | Food Source | Food Notes | Medicinal | Medicinal Notes | How Collected | Who Collects | How Prepared | Psychotropic | Psychotropic Notes | Traded | Trade Notes | Distribution | Habitat | Dangerous | Ethnobiology Notes | Species Notes | General Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bankalachi Toloim | Tivella stultorum | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Big Smokey Valley Shoshone | Tivella stultorum | missing | inheritance | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Central Sierra Miwok | Tivella stultorum | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chemehuevi | Tivella stultorum | wagátapə | voiceless schwa | clamshell | unique | See “frog”; is this a semantic shift of some kind??? Has different ABS | same | other complex | has -pɨ ABS | Harrington Chemehuevi Noun List | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chumash Barbareno | Tivella stultorum | ʔaʧiʃiʃ; ʔalaquc'um | clam sp. | inheritance | *'ala-qu-Cum clam sp., money | Proto-Chumash | Klar 1977:97 | other complex | 7al- | Beeler 1978:172 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chumash Ineseno | Tivella stultorum | 7alaquc'um | clam sp. | inheritance | *'ala-qu-Cum | Proto-Chumash | Klar 1977:97 | other complex | 7al- | Klar 1977:97 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chumash Obispeno | Tivella stultorum | L'anaqucu; č-kuyama | Clam sp., money; Pismo clam | inheritance | *'ala-qu-Cum | Proto-Chumash | other complex | 7al- | Klar 1977:97; Turner 1983:226 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chumash Ventureno | Tivella stultorum | 7alčʰum; qəpqə7əp; tswaqsiq (F. Librado JPH III:69:0030 | clam sp., money; clam | inheritance | *'ala-qu-Cum | Proto-Chumash | Klar 1977:97 | other complex | 7al- | Klar 1977:97; JPH III:91:0425 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cocopa | Tivella stultorum | swi· | clam shell, clam | unique | same | underived | Crawford 1989 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Comanche | Tivella stultorum | wa?rokoo?, wa?koo? | shell of shellfish (clam, oyster, any shell fish) | inheritance | *ko... | Uto-Aztecan | probably Stubbs 1906 (2008:267) or perhaps 1905 (*koyo) --- with wa- from “water” -- a loan from somewhere??? | broader (any shell) | underived | Robinson & Armagost 1990:219 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cupeño | Tivella stultorum | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Esselen | Tivella stultorum | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gabrielino | Tivella stultorum | -ta:ri-n | -ˈta:rin | mi almeja (= vagina) | unique | Note S2387 Central Numic *ta'i “female genitalia”. The question here is, is this a dirty word for “clam”, or a euphemism for “vulva”? | no info | other complex | -ˈta:r-in clam-possessed (requires a possessive prefix) | no info | 2 | 1 | McC 122 | no info | gathered (wild) | all | meat cooked, shells saved for diverse uses | 0 | 1 | Tivella beads were money, but not clams in this area | Pacific Coast | sandy beaches in surf zone | no | |||||||||||||||
| Iipay 'Aa | Tivella stultorum | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kawaiisu | Tivella stultorum | ɁaniɁa | shell | unique | note Mojave hanye “type of small shell” | same | underived | Zigmond et al. | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kiliwa | Tivella stultorum | m+la? | clam, mussel | unique | broader (bivalve shells?) | other complex | m-la? archaic.adjectival.prefix-? (la? only in this word) | Mixco 1985 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kitanemuk | Tivella stultorum | kaŋawinihwaʔt | ˈkaŋawinihwaʔt | clam (used as tweezers) | unique | broader (includes the animal, the shell, and the beads) | derived | ˈkaŋa-win-ihwaʔ-t beard-pull.out-instrument-npn | -niw | possessive classifier for things | Anderton 1988:343 | no info | 2 | source of fancy shell beads used as offerings, money | 1 | no info | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0 | 1 | obtained from Chumash | Pacific Coast roughly Monterrey-Baja | sandy beaches in surf zone | no | |||||||||||||
| Lake Miwok | Tivella stultorum | káaj | clam, clam shell, seashell, shellfish | loan | unknown | Note Salinan A, M xaiìk “mussel | underived | Callaghan 1965 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Luiseño | Tivella stultorum | qáp$ut | ʹqapşut | clam species. Harrington: small clam, white, used for plucking whiskers, Pismo clam | unique | same | other complex | ʹqapşu-t clam.sp.-non.possessed.noun (root may be derived) | no info | Elliott 1999:788 | no info | 2 | 1 | no info | gathered (wild) | all | no info | 0 | 1 | probably traded, but no Tivela at Lake Elsinore; shells are not pretty | Pacific Coast Monterrey to Baja California | sandy beaches in surf zone | no | |||||||||||||||
| Maidu | Tivella stultorum | 7odóko | freshwater clam | unique | relative clause | head-grasp | Shipley 1963 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mojave | Tivella stultorum | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mutsun | Tivella stultorum | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nisenan | Tivella stultorum | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Northern Paiute | Tivella stultorum | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Northern Sierra Miwok | Tivella stultorum | 7atkal-y- | clam, freshwater (shell is ci:tepa); Merriam has as “fresh water mussels” | inheritance | Eastern Miwokan | In Mip | other complex | -y nominalizer | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Plains Miwok | Tivella stultorum | mul7u:sa- | clam, clam shells, seashells (like Chinese spoons) | unique | underived | Callaghan 1984 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Salinan A | Tivella stultorum | koyáma | Pismo clam | loan | Obispeño Chumash | Turner 1983:226 | underived | Turner 1983:226 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Salinan M | Tivella stultorum | čkóya:m | clams | loan | Obispeño Chumash | Turner 1983:226 | underived | Mason 1918:123; Turner 1983:226 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Seri (Comcaac) | Tivella stultorum | haan | Smooth Pacific Venus clam, Chione fluctifraga (perhaps most similar to Pismo) | unique | narrower (only used in names for some species of clams) and broader (can be any shell with ihaxöl) | underived | Comcaac Dictionary 306 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Serrano | Tivella stultorum | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Southern Paiute | Tivella stultorum | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Southern Sierra Miwok | Tivella stultorum | ky:cyp-, lacah:ana- | long shell bead, long narrow shell bead (Dentalium?) (more likely Tivella hinge JHH) | unique | underived | Broadbent 1964: | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Southern Ute | Tivella stultorum | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tübatulabal | Tivella stultorum | tukumpal | tugumˈbal | sky, white clamshell disks | semantic shift | *tukuN-pa “sky” | Northern Uto-Aztecan | S1985a (Stubbs 2009?276) | narrower (does not refer to the animal or its shell, probably only to be disks strung as money) | other complex | tugumˈba-l sky/shell.disk-npn (historically, tukum-pa'an- “sky-on”) | Hill 2010:24 | no info | 2 | clam disks used as offerings | 1 | no info | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0 | 1 | these obtained from Chumash, apparently directly | Pacific Coast roughly Monterrey-Baja | sandy beaches in surf zone | no | ||||||||||||
| Tümpisa Shoshone | Tivella stultorum | kwiyoto, koyoto | mussel, clam, seashell | inheritance | *koyo | Proto-Uto-Aztecan | Stubbs 1905 has only as SUA (2008:267); and note Chumash q'oy “olivella) | broader (bivalve shells and turtle shells?) | underived | but what is -to? | Dayley 1989:87 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Wappo | Tivella stultorum | pe'-ne-ne | small clam | unique | reduplicated | Merriam 52:579 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Washo | Tivella stultorum | šu7wé:k | clam | unique | underived | WPD | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Western Mono | Tivella stultorum | ooGa | clam shell, coin purse, padlock, turtle | loan | Miwokan | Note Chukchansk ō>k “fresh-water mussels” , but no classifier | unknown | Bethel et al.:117 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wintu | Tivella stultorum | L'al | clams | inheritance | *L'al | Wintun | Shepherd 2005 | underived | Pitkin 1985 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yavapai | Tivella stultorum | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yokuts Palewyami | Tivella stultorum | gîxa | beads (“disk beads of clam shell” Kroeber 1961:213) | loan into protolanguage | Yokutsan | Takic (?) | nearly universal in K , either inheritance or Yowl loan but doesn't have /e/, so probably inheritance | WW | %kys | narrower (the beads, perhaps not the animal or the whole shell) | underived | Kroeber 1961:194 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Yokuts Yawdanchi | Tivella stultorum | cuyut' | beads (clam shell disks) (Merriam glosses as “a shell” 58:371 | inheritance | Nim-Yokuts | Kroeber also has this form for Yowl | narrower (probably just the beads, not the shell and animal) | underived | Kroeber 1961:194 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yokuts Yowlumne | Tivella stultorum | k'e:xa:' | beads (disks of clam shell); “money” N224 Tachi tu'uts Gayton I p. 23 | loan into protolanguage | Yokutsan | Takic (?) | All Nim, plus Palewyami in Kroeber | WW | %kys | narrower (possibly just the beads, not the shell and animal) | underived | Kroeber 1961:194 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Yuki | Tivella stultorum | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yuma | Tivella stultorum | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no |
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