Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

big round tule

Semantic Field
flora-fauna
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
Meaning Portuguese

Languages

Language Linnean Name Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Etymology Notes Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Range of Term Word Structure Word Structure Notes Classifier Classifier Notes Hypernym Source Association with Social Categories Ritual/Mythologically Significant Ritual Notes Food Source Food Notes Medicinal Medicinal Notes How Collected Who Collects How Prepared Psychotropic Psychotropic Notes Traded Trade Notes Distribution Habitat Dangerous Ethnobiology Notes Species Notes General Notes
Bankalachi Toloim Schoenoplectus acutus pumuk tule (in pumuk ti'i “tule house” loan Yokuts Yowlumne bumuk unknown Gayton 1:51, with footnote that inf. speaks Yawelmani 2 1 2 0 0 no
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone Schoenoplectus acutus sai-ppyh reeds, tules (M: Big round tule (Scirpus lacustris) inheritance *sɨyi Northern Uto-Aztecan I think this goes with Stubbs 1735 (shown in reconstruction based on only Takic forms) which needs to be fixed since Numic is clearly sayi, see Kawaiisu seevibɨ same other complex has has -pɨ ABS Merriam 61;93 2 1 2 0 0 no
Cahuilla Schoenoplectus acutus páʔul ˈpaʔul tule unique same other complex pa7u-l -m-exan-7a "inanimate" -m-exan-7a Seiler&Hioki 1979:146 no info 2 images at Burning, sacred bundle made of tule 1 “people used to eat the root, tasted like celery”, seeds, pollen also eaten 0 gathered (wild) women roots ground into a sweet flour, seeds eaten raw or cooked in mush, pollen used for cakes 0 0 California and southern US into Mexico wet areas throughout territory no
Central Sierra Miwok Schoenoplectus acutus ling'-ah big round tule (S. lacustris) inheritance *lin ... Eastern Miwokan underived Merriam 57:473 2 1 2 0 0 no
Chemehuevi Schoenoplectus acutus sáimpI, sáimpivə voiceless schwa round tule inheritance *sɨyi Proto-Northern Uto-Aztecan I think this goes with Takic Stubbs 1735 (shown in reconstruction) which needs to be fixed since Numic is clearly sayi, see T. Shoshone same other complex has -pɨ ABS Harrington Chemehuevi Noun List 2 1 2 0 0 no
Chumash Barbareno Schoenoplectus acutus stapan big round tule, S. californicus inheritance Central Chumash only also in Ineseno underived Timbrook 2007:203 2 1 2 0 0 no
Chumash Ineseno Schoenoplectus acutus stapan; swow big round tule: Timbrook S. californicus; swow S. acutus inheritance Central Chumash only Central Chumash underived Merriam 55:29 2 1 2 0 0 no
Chumash Obispeno Schoenoplectus acutus tqmima7 carrizo unique other complex t'- Harrington III:1:0274 2 1 2 0 0 no
Chumash Ventureno Schoenoplectus acutus kawɨyɨsh Scirpus acutus, Scirpus californicus, Bulrush, Tule unique other complex -Vsh resultative Timbrook 2007:203 2 1 2 0 0 no
Cocopa Schoenoplectus acutus xca reed inheritance Proto-Yuman Langdon 1976:871 (Metath); Mojave hatav'iily same underived Crawford 1989 2 1 2 0 0 no
Comanche Schoenoplectus acutus pamoe tule y tambien quiote semantic shift comes from the verb for “smoke tobacco” and refers to use of the reeds to make cigarettes broader (also refers to agave stalk, probably on functional grounds finite clause? “it.smokes” (I think) Rejon 1995:40 2 1 2 0 0 no
Cupeño Schoenoplectus acutus si'ish siˈʔiʃ tule, Scirpus sp. inheritance *siˈʔi:- Californian Gabrielino se'-e (Merriam), Tubatulabal shi'īpül same other complex siˈʔi-ʃ tule-npn Hill & Nolasquez 1973:172 no info 2 faces of images at burning were stuffed with this (Strong 1929:267) 1 green shoots, roots eaten no info gathered (wild but closely managed) all mainly for matting, roofing, etc.; no info on preparation as food 0 0 California and southern US into Mexico wetlands no
Esselen Schoenoplectus acutus kapána; umis-wa (?) tule unique Esselen compares Mutsun pakir, not big-round-tule (Typha?) other complex -na classifier suffix -na Shaul 1988:698; Turner & Shaul 1981:116 2 1 2 0 0 no
Gabrielino Schoenoplectus acutus se'-e siˈʔij Big round tule inheritance *siˈʔi:- Californian Cu. si'ish, Tubatulabal shi'īpül same other complex siˈʔi-j tule-npn http://www.archive.org/stream/bancroft_chartmerriam_1556_60#page/n415/mode/2up; p. 441 2 used in making images at burning; matting of this plant used for inner enclosure of the yovaar (Harrington 1978:136) 1 seeds, roots, green shoots no info gathered (wild but closely managed) all seeds parched, mixed with other seeds, some ground 0 0 California and southern US into Mexico wet areas throughout territory no
Iipay 'Aa Schoenoplectus acutus ɂesuq small round tule in Couro and Hutcheson; Big round tule in Merriam inheritance Proto-Yuman Kiliwa suq “reed, tule” same underived Merriam 55:225; Couro and Hutcheson 2 1 2 0 0 no
Kawaiisu Schoenoplectus acutus seevibɨ Scirpus validus, tule, great bulrush inheritance *sɨyi Proto-Northern Uto-Aztecan I think this goes with Takic Stubbs 1735 (shown in reconstruction) which needs to be fixed since Numic is clearly sayi, see T. Shoshone saippüh same other complex see-vi-bɨ bɨ, pɨ bɨ, pɨ seem to classify for plants, trees 1981 Zigmond 2 1 2 0 0 no
Kiliwa Schoenoplectus acutus xsuutk round tule (cf. suq “reed, tule”) inheritance Proto-Yuman same underived Mixco 1985 2 1 2 0 0 no
Kitanemuk Schoenoplectus acutus pivuht ˈpivuht reed sp., tule unique Is this word maybe related to piivat “tobacco”, given pipe association? See Luiseño pivee$ash. CHM records pe-wum, a similar Serrano form. broader (plant and derived materials) other complex ˈpivuh-t big.tule-npn -niw possessive classifier for things Anderton 1988:475 no info 2 almost certainly used in ritual structures 1 tubers eaten raw, lower stalk edible no info gathered (wild) all for house covering, mats 0 0 California and southern US into Mexico wet areas throughout territory no
Lake Miwok Schoenoplectus acutus kóol round tule inheritance *xo:l... Utian Callaghan 1962:106 underived Callaghan 1965 2 1 2 0 0 no
Luiseño Schoenoplectus acutus pivée$ash piʹve:şaʃ tule, type of pipe; Sparkman:large species of rush or reed unique Is this word maybe related to piivat “tobacco”, given pipe association? See Kitanemuk pivuht, Serrano pe-wum (Merriam) same other complex piʹve:şa-ʃ big.tule-non.possessed.noun (root may be derived) Elliott 1999:730 Clan name at Pala (Strong 1929:277) 2 Couplet: piveesash, hooyawish (first people gone west); matting of this plant used for inner enclosure of the wamkish (Harrington 1978:136) 1 new shoots (and probably roots, but these are not mentioned) 1 reeds used for cauterization irons gathered (wild) WhoCollects fresh shoots eaten raw (Sparkman 1908:196, 234) 0 0 California and southern US into Mexico wet areas throughout territory no
Maidu Schoenoplectus acutus kúpky round green tule unique other complex -ky is suffix Shipley 1963 2 1 2 0 0 no
Mojave Schoenoplectus acutus ɂahpily tule inheritance IA ɂepilly “cattail, tule” (Merriam says is Typha) same underived Munro et al.1992 2 1 2 0 0 no
Mutsun Schoenoplectus acutus ro'-kus big round tule (S. lacustris) inheritance Costanoan Note Mim lo/-kos “big round tule” CHM, Hill Patwin Laka- Callaghan 2001:324 (due to close similarity I think Mim is probably a loan from Costanoan, hence this must go further north and be Pco; Pinart has in Co I, II, IV underived Merriam 55:427 2 1 2 0 0 no
Nisenan Schoenoplectus acutus juje: tule unique underived 2 1 2 0 0 no
Northern Paiute Schoenoplectus acutus sibe tule (M: Big round tule (Scirpus lacustris) inheritance *sɨyi Northern Uto-Aztecan I think this goes with Takic Stubbs 1735 (shown in reconstruction) which needs to be fixed since Numic is clearly sayi, see T. Shoshone same other complex has -pi ABS Merriam 61:157 2 1 2 0 0 no
Northern Sierra Miwok Schoenoplectus acutus ling:y- round tule inheritance *lin: ... Eastern Miwokan source? underived Callaghan 1987 2 1 2 0 0 no
Plains Miwok Schoenoplectus acutus lin:ak round tule inheritance Eastern Miwokan Callaghan 1971(?) underived Callaghan 1984 2 1 2 0 0 no
Salinan A Schoenoplectus acutus 7axó:l tule (Merriam confirms as S. lacustris) loan Costanoan Utian *xo:l ... (Callaghan 1962:106) not in M underived Mason 1918:128; Turner 1980:86 2 1 2 0 0 no
Salinan M Schoenoplectus acutus k'ámta< tule (Merriam confirms as S. lacustris) unique Salinan M only not in A underived Mason 1918:129 2 1 2 0 0 no
Seri (Comcaac) Schoenoplectus acutus xapij common reed Phragmites australis unique same underived Comcaac Dictionary 580 2 1 2 0 0 no
Serrano Schoenoplectus acutus pe'-wum' big round tule inheritance Kitaneumk pivuht “tule” is similar but not identical, shouldn't have a plural so what is this? Is this related to piivat “tobacco” (reeds used for pipes). See Luiseño pivee$ash. underived Merriam 60:121 2 1 2 0 0 no
Southern Paiute Schoenoplectus acutus to'oivɨ Bulrush (Merriam:Big round tule (Schoenoplecgus acutus) semantic shift *to'i Proto-Uto-Aztecan Stubbs 1738 (2008:246); Merriam has a hi- increment (“hetaw”); this is elsewhere always “flat tule, cattail” (Typha latifolia), but Merriam's form seems clear. same other complex has -pɨ ABS Sapir 1930:685 2 1 2 0 0 no
Southern Sierra Miwok Schoenoplectus acutus hoho:loj; kohjah-/kojhah (which is the typo?); mo:ngi- reed Merriam has ling'-ah 57:473 unique Note Mil ko:l “round tule”, Palewyami kolòlis; Callaghan 1962:106 has Utian *xo:l, bringing in Mu xale, Mib kole “hay” underived Broadbent 1964: 2 1 2 0 0 no
Southern Ute Schoenoplectus acutus missing missing missing 2 1 2 0 0 no
Tübatulabal Schoenoplectus acutus shi'īpül ʃiʔi:ˈbɨl Tule, Scirpus acutus inheritance *siˈʔi:- Californian Cupeno si'ish, Gab. se'-e (Merriam) same derived ʃiʔi:-ˈbɨ-l tule-deriv.suffix-npn Hill 2010:78 no info 2 images of dead for burning made of tule bundles 1 roots peeled, sun-dried, pounded into flour, mixed w/ water and stone-boiled into mush (Voegelin 1938:18) no info gathered (wild) all see food notes; diverse non-food uses in mats, storage devices, roofing, etc. 0 0 California and southern US into Mexico wet areas throughout no
Tümpisa Shoshone Schoenoplectus acutus saippüh tule, Scirpus sp. inheritance *sɨyi Proto-Northern Uto-Aztecan I think this goes with Stubbs 1735 (shown in reconstruction based on only Takic forms) which needs to be fixed since Numic is clearly sayi, see Kawaiisu seevibɨ same other complex sai-ppüh tule-CL ppüh Dayley 1989:234 2 1 2 0 0 no
Wappo Schoenoplectus acutus šóne round tule (CHM confirms 52:589 inheritance Yukian-Wappo Yukian *son; Elmendorf 1993:211 underived Sawyer 1965 2 1 2 0 0 no
Washo Schoenoplectus acutus c'ó7ya7 big round tule unique underived Merriam 55:321; WPD 2 1 base eaten raw 2 0 0 no
Western Mono Schoenoplectus acutus missing (saib' missing missing Gayton 2:260 tule floor mat 2 1 2 0 0 no
Wintu Schoenoplectus acutus lyupul tule, rat-tail grass, needle grass (Merriam Scirpus sp., small tule 56:59; big round tule 56:123 (S. lacustris)) inheritance *L'op Wintun Shepherd 2005 underived maybe -VL derivation? Pitkin 1985 2 1 2 0 0 no
Yavapai Schoenoplectus acutus hàmsɂīβ bullrushes unique unknown Shaterian 1983 2 1 2 0 0 no
Yokuts Palewyami Schoenoplectus acutus kolòlis round tule unique unique in Kroeber; Callaghan 2001:341 compares to Pyv *k'oji$ “tule sp.” and Mil ko:l “round tule”; Note Miss hoho:loj; same underived Kroeber 1961:199 2 1 2 0 0 no
Yokuts Yawdanchi Schoenoplectus acutus cuyo, cuyo' round tule (Scirpus acutus) (Merriam confirms S. acutus 58:381); unique Kings River, Tule-Kaweah (adjacent subgroups) If cognate in Kings River, Tule-Kaweah, then this is a Nim-Yokuts form. But since groups are adjacent better to judge it as a low-level form and “unknown” same underived Kroeber 1961:199 2 1 2 0 0 tule mats obtained from Tachi, Chunut who lived at the tulares no
Yokuts Yowlumne Schoenoplectus acutus bumuk probably has initial /p/ round tule (Merriam confirms 58:573) inheritance *pumuk' Nim-Yokuts Golla 1964:65 same underived Kroeber 1961:199 2 1 2 0 0 no
Yuki Schoenoplectus acutus su:n A big round tule, S. lacustris inheritance *son Yukian-Wappo Schlichter 1985; Elmendorf 1993:211 underived Sawyer & Schlichter 1984 2 1 2 0 0 no
Yuma Schoenoplectus acutus kwil-ă-nyo' Big round tule (Scirpus lacustris) unique unknown Merriam 61:475 2 1 2 0 0 no