Hunter-Gatherer Language Database

big skunk

Semantic Field: flora-fauna
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
Meaning Portuguese

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Language	Linnean Name	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Etymology Notes	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Range of Term	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	Classifier	Classifier Notes	Hypernym	Source	Association with Social Categories	Ritual/Mythologically Significant	Ritual Notes	Food Source	Food Notes	Medicinal	Medicinal Notes	How Collected	Who Collects	How Prepared	Psychotropic	Psychotropic Notes	Traded	Trade Notes	Distribution	Habitat	Dangerous	Ethnobiology Notes	Species Notes	General Notes

Language	Linnean Name	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Etymology Notes	Range of Term	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	Classifier	Classifier Notes	Source	Association with Social Categories	Ritual/Mythologically Significant	Ritual Notes	Food Source	Food Notes	Medicinal	How Collected	Who Collects	How Prepared	Trade Notes	Distribution	Habitat	Dangerous
Bankalachi Toloim	Mephitis mephitis	sŏCH		Big Skunk (Mephitis mephitis)	loan			Yokuts	Proto-NimYokuts *Thox (Golla 1964:65)	same	underived				C. H. Merriam 72-77, 60-449		2		2		0							no
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone	Mephitis mephitis	pō>n-he-atz (RV, RM)		Big skunk (Mephitis)	inheritance	*po(C)ni	Uto-Aztecan		Stubbs 1983 (2008:275)	same	other complex	has -tsi ABS			Merriam 61:69		2		2		0							no
Cahuilla	Mephitis mephitis	tékʷel	ˈtekʷel	skunk	inheritance	* -tɨkʷɨ	Cupan		S1984 (Stubbs 2009:275); Luiseño paalukut “big skunk” and tukyaspal “spotted skunk” should be included here. This may be a Yuman loan: Proto-Yuman xwiw (kłʸikʷ) “skunk” with te- “earth”	unclear	other complex	tekwe-l	-7aʃ "pet"	animal is -7ash; the meat is with a meat classifier, usually -sex7a “cooked item” or -wa7 “roasted item” (Seiler 1977:304-5)	Seiler & Hioki 1979:207	no info	2		2	not a preferred game animal	no info	hunted	Men	boiled, roasted (cleaned VERY carefully, I imagine)		North America	Diverse habitats	no
Central Sierra Miwok	Mephitis mephitis	hís:iky-		skunk (broad stripe)	inheritance		Eastern Miwokan		In all Mis, Mip		other complex	-y nominalizer			Freeland & Broadbent 1960		2		2		0							no
Chemehuevi	Mephitis mephitis	poní^a		Big skunk (Mephitis)	inheritance	*po(C)ni	Proto-Uto-Aztecan		Stubbs 1983 (2008:275; problematic, may be from “stink” verb)	same	underived				Merriam 59:521		2		2		0							no
Chumash Barbareno	Mephitis mephitis	taxama		skunk	inheritance	*tVqema	Proto-Chumash		Klar 1977:108		underived				Beeler 1978:185		2		2		0							no
Chumash Ineseno	Mephitis mephitis	taxama		skunk	inheritance	*tVqema	Proto-Chumash		Klar 1977:108		underived				Applegate 192		2		2		0							no
Chumash Obispeno	Mephitis mephitis	tqema		skunk	inheritance	*tVqema	Proto-Chumash		Klar 1977:108		other complex	t-			Klar 1977:108		2		2		0							no
Chumash Ventureno	Mephitis mephitis	tah'-kah-mah Klar taxama		skunk	inheritance	*tVqema	Proto-Chumash		Klar 1977:108		underived				Merriam 55:37 V		2		2		0							no
Cocopa	Mephitis mephitis	łyxwi·w		skunk	inheritance	xwiw (kłʸikʷ)	Proto-Yuman		Mixco 1978:96 (Langdon 1976:873 Metath)	same	underived	Crawford notes xwi “smell, stink” (p. 114)			Crawford 1989		2		2		0							no
Comanche	Mephitis mephitis	pohni?atsi		skunk	inheritance	*po(C)ni	Uto-Aztecan		Stubbs 1983 (2008:275)	same	other complex	has -tsi ABS			Robinson & Armagost 1990:161		2		2		0							no
Cupeño	Mephitis mephitis	tekwel	ˈtəkʷəl	skunk	inheritance	* -tɨkʷɨ	Cupan		S1984 (Stubbs 2009:275); Luiseño paalukut “big skunk” and tukyaspal “spotted skunk” should be included here. Proto-Yuman xwiw (kłʸikʷ) needs to be considered as source.	same	other complex	ˈtəkʷə-l skunk-npn	-ʔaʃ "pet"	possessive classifier for animals	Hill & Nolasquez 1973:174	no info	2		2		no info	no info	no info	no info		North America	diverse habitats	no
Esselen	Mephitis mephitis	missing			missing						missing						2		2		0							no
Gabrielino	Mephitis mephitis	po-ne'-vo	poˈni:vor (?)	Big skunk	inheritance	*po(C)ni	Northern Uto-Aztecan		Kitanemuk ponivachr; S1983 (Stubbs 2009:275); see discussion of possible UA etymology that I don't care for	same	other complex	poˈni:vo-r big.skunk-npn	-ʔaʧ "pet"	possessive classifier for animals	http://www.archive.org/stream/bancroft_chartmerriam_1556_60#page/n415/mode/2up; p. 417	no info	2	Couplet in Luiseno, so probably at Creator's mourning ceremony	2	McC p. 116	no info	hunted	men	no info	skins perhaps traded	North America	Diverse habitats	no
Iipay 'Aa	Mephitis mephitis	ketun		big skunk	unique					same	underived				Couro & Hutcheson 1973		2		2		0							no
Kawaiisu	Mephitis mephitis	pohniya		skunk	inheritance	*po(C)ni	Proto-Uto-Aztecan		Stubbs 1983 (2008:275; problematic, may be from “stink” verb)	same	underived	ultimately derived from “smell” -- synchronically???			Zigmond et al.		2		2		0							no
Kiliwa	Mephitis mephitis	kw-ckhuw		skunk	inheritance	xwiw (kłʸikʷ)	Proto-Yuman		Mixco 1978:96, Langdon 1976:873 Metath	same	relative clause	from *kw-c-kw+xiw “that which smells”			Mixco 1985		2		2		0							no
Kitanemuk	Mephitis mephitis	ponivač	ˈponivaʧr	skunk	inheritance	*po(C)ni	Northern Uto-Aztecan		S1983 (Stubbs 2009:275); see discussion of possible UA etymology that I don't care for	same	other complex	ˈponiva-ʧr skunk-npn	-ʔacit "pet"	possessive classifier for animals	Anderton 1988:482	no info	2		2	hides used	no info	hunted	men	no info		North America	Diverse habitats	no
Lake Miwok	Mephitis mephitis	káluk		skunk	inheritance		Pmiw only		Bodega Dic		underived				Callaghan 1965		2		2		0							no
Luiseño	Mephitis mephitis	páalukut	ʹpa:lukut	skunk	inheritance	*(paa) -tɨkʷɨ	Cupan		-tɨkʷɨ is S1984 (Stubbs 2009:275), Cupan; Lu form would mean “big skunk”; Yuman xwiw (kłʸikʷ) “skunk” should be considered as source for kwe-, ku syllables (which would explain problems)	same	other complex	páaluku-t skunk.sp-non.possessed.noun			Elliott 1999 666	no info	2	couplet with saaqmal (song:word), order uncertain (Harrington)	2		no	N/A	N/A	N/A		North America	diverse habitats	no
Maidu	Mephitis mephitis	wàj7ó		skunk	unique						underived				Shipley 1963		2		2		0							no
Mojave	Mephitis mephitis	ɂilyhwe		skunk	inheritance	xwiw (kłʸikʷ)	Proto-Yuman		Mixco1978:96 (Langdon 1976:873 Metath)	same	underived	Note iihwii= “smell, have bad odor” (derived synchronically as they suggest? Unlikely)			Munro et al.1992		2		2		0							no
Mutsun	Mephitis mephitis	tixsin		skunk	inheritance				Kroeber has in Mont, Sjb only		underived				Mason 1916:428		2		2		0							no
Nisenan	Mephitis mephitis	bu:		skunk (CHM confirms big skunk)	unique						underived	bu: break wind, stink			Uldall & Shipley 1966		2		2		0							no
Northern Paiute	Mephitis mephitis	poh-ne'-dah; pong-e'-dah		Big skunk (Mephitis)	inheritance	*po(C)ni	Uto-Aztecan		Stubbs 1983 (2008:275); what is -da?? is it -dɨ, deverbalizing from “stink”??	broader (includes both kinds of skunks)	derived	may have the -dɨ nominalizer			Merriam 61:133		2		2		0							no
Northern Sierra Miwok	Mephitis mephitis	his:ik-y-		skunk	inheritance		Eastern Miwokan		In all Mis, MIP		other complex	-y nominalizer			Callaghan 1987		2		2		0							no
Plains Miwok	Mephitis mephitis	his:ik		striped skunk	inheritance		Eastern Miwokan		In all Mis,		underived				Callaghan 1984		2		2		0							no
Salinan A	Mephitis mephitis	šowá		skunk	unique		Salinan				underived				Mason 1918:123; Turner 1980:83		2		2		0							no
Salinan M	Mephitis mephitis	cowá		skunk	unique		Salinan				underived				Mason 1918:123		2		2		0							no
Seri (Comcaac)	Mephitis mephitis	sliitxcoj		common hog-nosed skunk )(conepatus mesoleucus)	unique					same	underived				Comcaac Dictionary 560		2		2		0							no
Serrano	Mephitis mephitis	por:nivyr-T		skunk	inheritance	*po(C)ni	Northern Uto-Aztecan		S1983 (Stubbs 2009:275); he thinks U-A but I doubt it		other complex	-t NPN			KCHill ms 2001:44		2		2		0							no
Southern Paiute	Mephitis mephitis	poniA		Skunk	inheritance	*po(C)ni	Proto-Uto-Aztecan		Stubbs 1983 (2008:275)	same	underived				Sapir 1930:620		2		2		0							no
Southern Sierra Miwok	Mephitis mephitis	his:ik-		skunk	inheritance		Eastern Miwokan		In all Mis, MIP		underived				Broadbent 1964:		2		2		0							no
Southern Ute	Mephitis mephitis	pǫní-yĮ		skunk	inheritance	*po(C)ni	Uto-Aztecan		Stubbs 1983 (2008:275)	same	underived				Givon 1979		2		2		0							no
Tübatulabal	Mephitis mephitis	ponnihw	ponˈnihw	skunk	inheritance	*po(C)ni	Northern Uto-Aztecan		S1983 (Stubbs 2009:275); see discussion of possible UA etymology that I don't care for	broader (includes all skunks)	underived				Hill 2010:73	no info	2		2	Voegelin 1938:12	no info	N/A	N/A	seems like skins might have been used but I found no info		North America	Diverse habitats	no
Tümpisa Shoshone	Mephitis mephitis	ponniattsi, pohniattsi		skunk	inheritance	*po(C)ni	Proto-Uto-Aztecan		Stubbs 1983 (2008:275), problematic, may be from “stink” verb	broader (any skunk)	other complex	pohnia-ttsi skunk-DIM			Dayley 1989:218		2		2		0							no
Wappo	Mephitis mephitis	šíla		skunk (CHM confirms 52:565	unique				Note Yukian *sihs-kin (behind-stink)		underived				Sawyer 1965		2		2		0							no
Washo	Mephitis mephitis	tup'íp'iwi7		big skunk	unique						derived	tu- nominalizer on ip'íp'iw plural of “fart” Jacobsen 1964:493			Merriam 55:297; WPD		2		2		0							no
Western Mono	Mephitis mephitis	pohitA		skunk	inheritance	*po(C)ni	Proto-Uto-Aztecan		Stubbs 1983 (2008:275); problematic, may be from “stink” verb	same	underived				Bethel et al.:150	no info	2		2		no info	hunted	men	pelt				no
Wintu	Mephitis mephitis	Xo:		skunk	inheritance	*qHo:	Wintun		Shepherd 2005		underived				Pitkin 1985		2		2		0							no
Yavapai	Mephitis mephitis	khʷíwa		skunk	inheritance	xwiw (kłʸikʷ)	Proto-Yuman		Mixco 1978:96 (Langdon 1976:873 Metath)		unknown				Shaterian 1983		2		2		0							no
Yokuts Palewyami	Mephitis mephitis	tsox		skunk	inheritance	*cʰox	Yokutsan		Whistler & Golla 1986:356	same	underived				Kroeber 1961:201		2		2		0							no
Yokuts Yawdanchi	Mephitis mephitis	tcox		skunk	inheritance	*cʰox	Yokutsan		Whistler & Golla 1986:356	same	underived	perhaps from tcukit “stink” Kroeber 1907:181			Kroeber 1961:201		2		2		0							no
Yokuts Yowlumne	Mephitis mephitis	tcox, cox, čo:x		skunk	inheritance	*cʰox	Yokutsan		Whistler & Golla 1986:356	same	underived				Kroeber 1961:201		2		2		0							no
Yuki	Mephitis mephitis	si:skina F, si:skin A		skunk	inheritance	*sihskin(a)	Yukian		Schlichter 1985		compound	lit. behind stink (kin)			Sawyer & Schlichter 1984		2		2		0							no
Yuma	Mephitis mephitis	āl-hwă'		Big skunk (Mephitis)	inheritance	xwiw (kłʸikʷ)	Proto-Yuman		Mixco1978:96 (Langdon 1976:873 Metath)		unknown				Merriam 61:451		2		2		0							no


Bankalachi Toloim
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone
Cahuilla
Central Sierra Miwok
Chemehuevi
Chumash Barbareno
Chumash Ineseno
Chumash Obispeno
Chumash Ventureno
Cocopa
Comanche
Cupeño
Esselen
Gabrielino
Iipay 'Aa
Kawaiisu
Kiliwa
Kitanemuk
Lake Miwok
Luiseño
Maidu
Mojave
Mutsun
Nisenan
Northern Paiute
Northern Sierra Miwok
Plains Miwok
Salinan A
Salinan M
Seri (Comcaac)
Serrano
Southern Paiute
Southern Sierra Miwok
Southern Ute
Tübatulabal
Tümpisa Shoshone
Wappo
Washo
Western Mono
Wintu
Yavapai
Yokuts Palewyami
Yokuts Yawdanchi
Yokuts Yowlumne
Yuki
Yuma

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