Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

wild grapevine

Semantic Field
flora-fauna
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
Meaning Portuguese

Languages

Language Linnean Name Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Etymology Notes Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Range of Term Word Structure Word Structure Notes Classifier Classifier Notes Hypernym Source Association with Social Categories Ritual/Mythologically Significant Ritual Notes Food Source Food Notes Medicinal Medicinal Notes How Collected Who Collects How Prepared Psychotropic Psychotropic Notes Traded Trade Notes Distribution Habitat Dangerous Ethnobiology Notes Species Notes General Notes
Bankalachi Toloim Vitis californica so-no'-tip, so-naw'-tip Wild grapevine (Vitis californica) loan Yokuts Yawdanchi so-no'-tis ; Wikchamni shun-no'-tip; sah-nah'-tip; Tinlinne san-no'-tip; Yowlumne saw-naw'-tip; sun-naw'-tip WW %sonot same underived C. H. Merriam 60-475, 72-823 2 1 2 0 0 no
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone Vitis californica missing inheritance missing 2 1 2 0 0 no
Cahuilla Vitis californica suwánawet suˈwanawet wild grape loan Chumash S188 (Stubbs 2009:65) has this in Cahuilla, Cupeño, Mono seenowa “elderberries”, and Tumpisa Shoshone isawana “plant sp.”. I like Chumash /suwan/ “hanging, earrings” (Ineseno: Note su-wayan- “to cause to hang” A. 221 , “earring” (A.236) (grapes?); ma-s-s WW %sonot same derived suˈwana-wet looks like it has an augmentative. This odd form is one of very few Cahuilla words with second syllable stress, suggesting it's a loan. -7ay7a “picking” fruit is -7ay7a “picking” Seiler&Hioki 1979:193 no info 2 1 grapes eaten fresh, cooked in stews, dried as raisins, could be used in mush no info gathered (wild ) women, children dried raisins boiled in water before eating 0 0 Southwest Oregon and California common along streams and in canyon bottoms below 4000 feet, often near villages. no
Central Sierra Miwok Vitis californica pe-pe'-lah wild grapevine unique Possibly a Takic or Tub loan of the *pi “berry” word reduplicated Merriam 57:475 2 1 2 0 0 no
Chemehuevi Vitis californica ɂijá·vimpə (schwa voiceless) Wild grape vine or plant inheritance *(h)iya- Numic Stubbs 187 (2008:65) same other complex has -pɨ ABS Harrington Chemehuevi Noun List 2 1 2 0 0 no
Chumash Barbareno Vitis californica nu'nit' Vitis californica unique Central Chumash only might be %sonot (the not part) underived Timbrook 2007:224 2 1 2 0 0 no
Chumash Ineseno Vitis californica nunit' Vitis californica inheritance Central Chumash only Central Chumash; maybe %sonot underived Timbrook 2007:224 2 1 2 0 0 no
Chumash Obispeno Vitis californica missing missing missing 2 1 2 0 0 no
Chumash Ventureno Vitis californica nunit (noo-net'-tah Merriam 55:63) Vitis californica, girdiana inheritance Central Chumash only Central Chumash ; maybe %sonot underived Timbrook 2007:224 2 1 2 0 0 no
Cocopa Vitis californica missing missing missing 2 1 2 0 0 no
Comanche Vitis californica natsamukwe? wild grape , Vitis sp. unique same underived clearly complex but no help on analysis from R&A Robinson & Armagost 1990:166 2 1 2 0 0 no
Cupeño Vitis californica swanewet ʹswanəwət wild grapes loan Chumash S188 (Stubbs 2009:65) has this in Cahuilla, Cupeño, Mono seenowa “elderberries”, and Tumpisa Shoshone isawana “plant sp.”. Maybe Yokutsan??. I like Chumash /suwan-/ “hanging, earrings”!! WW %sonot broader (plant and fruit) derived ʹswanə-wə-t grape-augmentative-npn (this word is so odd that this analysis is probably bogus) Hill & Nolasquez 1973:172 no info 2 1 no info gathered (wild) women and children eaten ripe, or dried and stored 0 0 Southwest Oregon and California common along streams and in canyon bottoms below 4000 feet no
Esselen Vitis californica missing missing missing 2 1 2 0 0 no
Gabrielino Vitis californica pah-vah's kā-veet 72-79, 60-441 paˈva:ş ˈke:vit (?) Wild grapevine inheritance *paaʔas Uto-Aztecan S189 (Stubbs 2009:65) Yaqui is quite good; Is kevit the same as Lu. makwit? unknown 2 Couplet in Luiseno, so probably at Creator's mourning ceremony 1 2 0 0 Southwest Oregon and California common along streams and in canyon bottoms below 4000 feet no
Iipay 'Aa Vitis californica kek-kwil'CH Wild grapevine (Vitis californica) unique same underived Merriam 55:225 2 1 2 0 0 no
Kawaiisu Vitis californica wo'ora-višti-bɨ large wild grape sp. unique narrower (large wild grape sp.) phrase wo'ora-višti-bɨ horse-big-plant ??? bɨ, pɨ bɨ, pɨ seem to classify for plants, trees Zigmond et al.:293 2 1 2 0 0 no
Kiliwa Vitis californica missing missing missing 2 1 2 0 0 no
Kitanemuk Vitis californica nacakwinač ˈnaʦakwinaʧ plant sp.: Desert grape (Vitis girdiana) unique broader (vine and fruit) derived ˈnaʦa-kwina-ʧ ?-?-npn (Anderton speculates that ˈnaʦa- is “girl” -- but note ˈnaʦakwinit “wild, unruly, runaway, slave, perh. a mare”) -niw possessive classifier for things Anderton 1988:415 no info 2 1 eaten as raisins, boiled or plain, or in pudding no info gathered (wild) women and children see food notes 0 0 Southwest Oregon, California common along streams and in canyon bottoms below 4000 feet no
Lake Miwok Vitis californica mutte grapes (CHM: the fruit; the vine is to'-loo, we-wah 57:541) inheritance Miwokan Note Mip mute- “grapes”, Misn mute- “grapes” underived Callaghan 1965 2 1 2 0 0 no
Luiseño Vitis californica mákwit ʹmakʷit wild grape inheritance *makʷV-/maku- Uto-Aztecan S193 (Stubbs 2009:65) a new set from Stubbs that may very well be good broader (includes plant and grapes) other complex ʹmakʷi-t wild.grapes-non.possessed.noun Elliott 1999:493 no info 2 Couplet: makwit, awiiwanawut “wild grapes, clematis” 1 fruit always eaten fresh (Sparkman 1908:195) no info gathered (wild) women “fruit is cooked and used for food” Sparkman 1908:231) 0 0 Southwest Oregon and California common along streams and in canyon bottoms below 4000 feet no
Maidu Vitis californica pímmili wild grape inheritance Maiduan Shipley 1961:51 no reconstruction proposed (Nisenan pi:men) other complex -i is stem former Shipley 1963 2 1 2 0 0 no
Mojave Vitis californica kamchuulyk wild grape unique same underived Munro et al.1992 2 1 2 0 0 no
Mutsun Vitis californica pā-lik-kah wild grapevine (Vitis californica) unique other complex morphology unknown Merriam 55:427 2 1 2 0 0 no
Nisenan Vitis californica piw (US) sool (CHM) piw sul? grapevine (the grapes, pe'-mim inheritance *piw Maiduan Ultan 1964: 366 #209 phrase Uldall & Shipley 1966 2 1 2 0 0 no
Northern Paiute Vitis californica koodebesa grapes unique probably a loan narrower (perhaps just fruit) underived Yerington Dictionary 2 1 2 0 0 no
Northern Sierra Miwok Vitis californica mute- wild grapes, grapevine inheritance Miwokan Note Mil mutte-, Mip mute- JHH underived Callaghan 1987 2 1 2 0 0 no
Plains Miwok Vitis californica mute- grapes inheritance Miwokan Note Mil mutte “grapes”, Misn mute- “grapes” underived Callaghan 1984 2 1 2 0 0 no
Salinan A Vitis californica tup'-pa-til wild grapevine loan Spanish not in M; could this be uppa from uva with t- and some increment -til? Perhaps a plural? other complex t- (articular prefix) on vowel-initial stem, probablyl Turner 1987 says should be /T/ Merriam 55:395 2 1 2 0 0 no
Salinan M Vitis californica o:pIs wild grape (Merriam has as “grapes”, in which case < uvas) loan Spanish surely from uvas underived Mason 1918:129 2 1 2 0 0 no
Seri (Comcaac) Vitis californica missing missing missing 2 1 2 0 0 no
Serrano Vitis californica nyhnga-T grape, grapes loan Southern Chumash Barbareno, Ineseno , Ventureno nu'nit'; other complex -t NPN KCHill ms 2001:36 2 1 2 0 0 no
Southern Paiute Vitis californica nahn-kahk Wild grapevine (Vitis californica) unique Is this the “earring” word?? same derived nangqa:qA “its branches) (from ear?); also possibly “its ear.ornaments”? Merriam's Ki-vav-vit 61:379 2 1 2 0 0 no
Southern Sierra Miwok Vitis californica kim:is- grapevine unique underived Broadbent 1964: 2 1 2 0 0 no
Southern Ute Vitis californica sųų-rǫǫ?na-pŲ grapes unique broader (includes domestic grapes) phrase sųų-”strong” rǫǫ?na berry -pŲ ABS Givon 1979 2 1 2 0 0 no
Tübatulabal Vitis californica wōlōnt wo:ˈlo:nt Wild grape, Vitis californica unique same other complex wo:ˈlo:n-t grapes-npn Hill 2010:122 no info 2 1 no info gathered (wild) all eaten raw, or boiled, ground and stored as cakes 0 0 Southwest Oregon, California common along streams and in canyon bottoms below 4000 feet no
Tümpisa Shoshone Vitis californica isampu wild grapes inheritance *isawanawa Proto-Northern Uto-Aztecan Stubbs 188 (200:65); this form requires fixing that etymology same underived Dayley 1989:371 2 1 2 0 0 no
Wappo Vitis californica méhwa wild grapevine (CHM confirms 52:589) inheritance Yukian-Wappo Elmendorf 1997:80 (Yuki mu7umam (and note Miwok muTe) underived Sawyer 1965 2 1 2 0 0 no
Washo Vitis californica missing missing missing 2 1 2 0 0 no
Western Mono Vitis californica pee'akI grapes (wild and domestic) (Vitis sp.) unique same underived probably a complex stem ultimately Bethel et al.:139 no info 2 1 no info gathered (wild) all grapes in diverse preparations 0 0 no
Wintu Vitis californica halat wild grapevine (CHM confirms); also oo-yu'-me, oo-yool'-me 56:123 unique other complex Schlichter 1981 2 1 2 0 0 no
Yavapai Vitis californica missing missing missing 2 1 2 0 0 no
Yokuts Palewyami Vitis californica missing missing missing 2 1 2 0 0 no
Yokuts Yawdanchi Vitis californica so-no'-tis wild grapevine inheritance Nim-Yokuts Yowl. sono:dip same underived probably complex (Yowl-ip, Yawd -is obviously different elements) Merriam 58:509 2 1 2 0 0 no
Yokuts Yowlumne Vitis californica sono:dip wild grapes (Merriam confirms) inheritance Nim-Yokuts WW %sonot same underived again, inadequate materials to get a grip on a long-ish form. Kroeber 1961:219 2 1 2 0 0 no
Yuki Vitis californica mu7umam (A, F), mu7umam hąyen' (the vine) A wild grapes, grapevine inheritance Yukian-Wappo Elmendorf 1997:80 (Wappo mehwa) and note Miwok muTe phrase mu7u-berry Sawyer & Schlichter 1984 2 1 2 0 0 no
Yuma Vitis californica missing missing missing 2 1 2 0 0 no