Hunter-Gatherer Language Database

worm, smooth caterpillar

Semantic Field: flora-fauna
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
Meaning Portuguese

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Language	Linnean Name	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Etymology Notes	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Range of Term	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	Classifier	Classifier Notes	Hypernym	Source	Association with Social Categories	Ritual/Mythologically Significant	Ritual Notes	Food Source	Food Notes	Medicinal	Medicinal Notes	How Collected	Who Collects	How Prepared	Psychotropic	Psychotropic Notes	Traded	Trade Notes	Distribution	Habitat	Dangerous	Ethnobiology Notes	Species Notes	General Notes

Language	Linnean Name	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Etymology Notes	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Range of Term	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	Classifier	Classifier Notes	Source	Association with Social Categories	Ritual/Mythologically Significant	Food Source	Food Notes	Medicinal	How Collected	Who Collects	How Prepared	Distribution	Habitat	Dangerous
Bankalachi Toloim	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	missing			missing								missing						2	2		0						no
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	wo'a-pin		Worm	inheritance	*wo'a	Numic		Stubbs 2526 (2008:338)			same	other complex	has -pi ABS			Crapo 1976:195		2	2		0						no
Cahuilla	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	píyaxat	ˈpijaxat	1. rainbow. 2. worm with two horns (“they drop from the sky once a year near Fish Traps and the Indians used to cook and eat them”	inheritance	*piʔakɨC	Northern Uto-Aztecan		S2527 (Stubbs 2009:338)			unclear	other complex	pijaxa-t; might be complex root	no info		Seiler & Hioki 1979:156	no info	2	2	“a favorite treat” (Bean 1972:62)	no info	gathered (wild)	All	parching in basket, stored for later use	Mojave and Colorado Deserts (?)	appeared on surface of ground after warm spring rains	no
Central Sierra Miwok	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	7uč:umu-		worm	inheritance		Sierra Miwokan only		See Miss 7uc:um- “fly”				other complex	-mu or -u			Freeland & Broadbent 1960		2	2		0						no
Chemehuevi	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	paɂávI		worm	inheritance	*pa'a-	Southern Numic only		Stubbs 2528 (2008:338)			same	other complex	has -pi ABS			Harrington Chemehuevi Noun List		2	2		0						no
Chumash Barbareno	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	skiʃ'		angleworm	loan			unknown	This looks like Miwokan ke$y- forms -- areal??	WW	%kes		underived				Beeler 1978:183		2	2		0						no
Chumash Ineseno	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	skon		worm, reptile	inheritance		Central Chumash only						underived				Applegate 132		2	2		0						no
Chumash Obispeno	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	tstyostyo		animalito, guzanito	inheritance				probably cognate w/ Vent. Tskonin				other complex	c-			JPH III:1:284		2	2		0						no
Chumash Ventureno	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	tskonin		worm	inheritance		Central Chumash only		Central Chumash, could this be part of the %kes system???				underived				JPH III:91:0149		2	2		0						no
Cocopa	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	maɂí·ły		worm, maggot, rice	unique				Contains *?-?il, WORM (Proto-Yuman), Langdon 1979:639			broader (see gloss)	underived	no analysis in Crawford, but diachronically complex			Crawford 1989		2	2		0						no
Comanche	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	uoabi		gusano	inheritance	*wo'a	Numic		Stubbs 2526 (2008:338)			same	other complex	has -pi ABS			Rejon 1995:51		2	2		0						no
Cupeño	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	peyaxat	pəˈjaxat	caterpillar sp.	inheritance	*piʔakɨC	Northern Uto-Aztecan		S2527 (Stubbs 2009:338)			narrower (this is a species of caterpillar)	other complex	pəˈjaxa-t edible.caterpillar-npn	-ʔaʃ "pet"	possessive classifier for animals	Hill & Nolasquez 1973:168	no info	2	2		no info	no info	no info	no info	Mojave and Colorado Deserts	appear on floor of desert after warm spring rains	no
Esselen	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	missing			missing								missing						2	2		0						no
Gabrielino	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	ko'a:r	kuˈʔa:r	gusano	inheritance	*kuʔa-	Takic		S893 (Stubbs 2009:152),			broader (includes lots of different grubs, maggots, worms, caterpillars)	other complex	kuˈʔa:-r grub-npn	-ʔaʧ "pet"	possessive classifier for animals	Harrington 024	no info	2	2	McC 121	no info	gathered (wild)	all	often eaten raw as found (McC 121)	Americas	diverse (depends on species)	no
Iipay 'Aa	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	ɂill		worm, caterpillar, maggot	inheritance	*?-?il	Proto-Yuman		Langdon 1979:639 WORM			broader (smooth squirmy larvae)	underived				Couro & Hutcheson 1973		2	2		0						no
Kawaiisu	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	piɁaga		caterpillar of Pandora moth	inheritance	*pi'akɨC	Proto-Northern Uto-Aztecan		Stubbs 2527 (2008:338)			narrower (a specific variety, Pandora Moth caterpillar)	underived				Zigmond et al.		2	2		0						no
Kiliwa	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	?+mi?		worm, grub	unique							broader(diverse squirmy smooth (?) larvae)	other complex	? dummy.nominal.element + worm			Mixco 1985		2	2		0						no
Kitanemuk	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	piʔaka	ˈpiʔaka	worm sp., of Sphinx moth, hairless, finger-size, black and red stripes, comes out in March	inheritance	*piʔakɨC	Northern Uto-Aztecan		S2527 (Stubbs 2009:338)			same	underived		-ʔacit "pet"	possessive classifier for animals	Anderton 1988:469	no info	2	2		no info	gathered (wild)	all	no info	Americas	Diverse habitats	no
Lake Miwok	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	tsah'-li		smooth caterpillar	unique				same as “insect, bug”				underived				Merriam 57:529		2	2		0						no
Luiseño	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	$iválaka	şiʹvalaka	tomato worm	unique							narrower (probably refers only to green edible worm)	underived	note absence of non.possessed.noun suffix; might be a loan			Elliott 1999:861	no info	2	2		no info	gathered (wild)	women and children	boiled in water (Sparkman 1908:200)	Americas	diverse (depends on species)	no
Maidu	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	wah-kah'		smooth caterpillar	inheritance		Maiduan		Nisenan wa-kaj (< *k'aj(-))				underived				Merriam 57:51		2	2		0						no
Mojave	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	ɂahamskukwenp		tomato worm, caterpillar	unique							narrower (a specific kind of caterpillar)	phrase	ɂaha-mskukwenp water-??			Munro et al.1992		2	2		0						no
Mutsun	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	littokwa		earthworm	unique								other complex	-wa is "serpent" suffix			Okrand 1977:142; Mason 1916:428		2	2		0						no
Nisenan	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	wakaj		army-worm (CHM smooth caterpillar)	inheritance	*k'aj(-)	Maiduan		Ultan 1964:364 #126				underived				Uldall & Shipley 1966		2	2		0						no
Northern Paiute	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	wo'aba		Mono Lake fly larvae	inheritance	*wo'a	Numic		Stubbs 2526 (2008:338), used because it's a good Numic “worm” word			narrower (a species of larva)	other complex	probably the -ba is the -pɨ ABS			Merriam 61:149		2	2		0						no
Northern Sierra Miwok	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	ke:su-, ke:sy-		fishhook worm	inheritance	*ke:$u-	Eastern Miwokan		Callaghan 1997:35; note Wintun *k'es “worm”	WW	%kes		underived	here /y/ is not nominalizer			Callaghan 1987		2	2		0						no
Plains Miwok	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	o-ko'-mat-te		smooth caterpillar	unique								phrase	X creature			Merriam 57:497		2	2		0						no
Salinan A	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	tálmui		worm	unique				not in M;				underived				Mason 1918:124		2	2		0						no
Salinan M	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	ck'ot; teméhai; T'iopé'		snake, worm, grub; worm; grubs, worms	loan		Salinan M only	Yokuts	not in A (except for ck'ot)	WW	%kes		underived				Mason 1918:123		2	2		0						no
Seri (Comcaac)	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	potáa		larva, worm, maggot	unique							broader (diverse worms and larvae)	underived				Comcaac Dictionary 469		2	2		0						no
Serrano	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	ku7a:-T	mo:caT “worm”	worm, maggot	inheritance	*ku7a-	Takic		S893 (Stubbs 2008:152)				other complex	-t NPN			KCHill ms 2001:23		2	2		0						no
Southern Paiute	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	tivinaqwitcutsI		earthworm	unique				qwitcu- part probably from Stubbs 2525a			same	phrase	earth-worm-tsiABS			Sapir 1930:581		2	2		0						no
Southern Sierra Miwok	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	lah'-pe-too (good roasted)		smooth caterpillar	unique								underived				Merriam 57:469		2	2		0						no
Southern Ute	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	pa?á-vI		insect, worm, larva	unique				see remark on “insect” above			broader ((includes all insects?)	other complex	has -pi ABS			Givon 1979		2	2		0						no
Tübatulabal	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	pi'akünt	piʔaˈgɨnt	tobacco worm	inheritance	*piʔakɨC	Northern Uto-Aztecan		S2527 (Stubbs 2009:338)			same	other complex	piʔaˈgɨn-t tobacco.worm-npn			Hill 2010:48	no info	2	2	Voegelin 1938:12	no info	N/A	N/A	N/A	Americas	Diverse habitats	no
Tümpisa Shoshone	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	piakün		caterpillar, grub	inheritance	*pi'akɨC	Proto-Northern Uto-Aztecan		Stubbs 2527 (2008:338)			narrower (this is a specific type of edible smooth caterpillar)	underived				Dayley 1989:200		2	2		0						no
Wappo	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	7ohna		angleworm, earthworm (Merriam has chah'-lā “smooth worm” 52:579)	unique								underived				Sawyer 1965		2	2		0						no
Washo	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	gé:šu7		angleworm, earthworm	loan			Northern Sierra Miwok	Mins ke:su-, ke:sy-; Pmie *ke:$u-	WW	%kes		underived				WPD		2	2		0						no
Western Mono	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	piyagɨ	voiceless final	caterpillar (which feeds on sugar-pine trees) (unidentified species)	inheritance	*pi'akɨC	Proto-Northern Uto-Aztecan		Stubbs 2527 (2008:338)			narrower ( specific caterpillar)	unknown				Bethel et al.:147		2	2	tree-worm, big fat ones, good to eat (Merriam 59:83)	0			parched with coals in winnowing basket (Gifford), could be stored for long periods			no
Wintu	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	k'e:s		angleworm	loan into protolanguage	*k'es	Wintun	Eastern Miwok	Shepherd 2005; Pmie *ke:$u- “angleworm”	WW	%kes		underived				Schlichter 1981		2	2		0						no
Yavapai	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	ɂɂî·la		worm	inheritance	*?-?il	Proto-Yuman		Langdon 1979:639 WORM				unknown				Shaterian 1983		2	2		0						no
Yokuts Palewyami	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	missing			missing								missing						2	2		0						no
Yokuts Yawdanchi	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	gaTu		worm, “presumably earthworm” (p. 216)	inheritance	(k'aThuw (?)	Nim-Yokuts		Yawd, Wik, Chuk, Mich onlyin Kroeber; Callaghan 1997:35; compare Pmie ke:$u, ke:$y- “angleworm”; Callaghan 2001:327 says “matches PW *k'es “worm”	WW	%kes	same	underived				Kroeber 1961:206)		2	2		0						no
Yokuts Yowlumne	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	wekwik, wek'wek', k'e:w	N wek'we:k' 191	worm (earthworm)	inheritance	*wek'wek'	Nim-Yokuts		Golla 1964:66			same	reduplicated				Kroeber 1961:206		2	2		0						no
Yuki	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	muy' F		worm	inheritance	*muy'	Yukian		Schlichter 1985				underived				Sawyer & Schlichter 1984		2	2		0						no
Yuma	Trichoplusia ni (?) cabbage looper	ets-e-pi'		worm	inheritance		Colorado River Yuman only		CR; Note Mojave 7ichipay kuurems “flea”				unknown				Merriam 61:465		2	2		0						no


Bankalachi Toloim
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone
Cahuilla
Central Sierra Miwok
Chemehuevi
Chumash Barbareno
Chumash Ineseno
Chumash Obispeno
Chumash Ventureno
Cocopa
Comanche
Cupeño
Esselen
Gabrielino
Iipay 'Aa
Kawaiisu
Kiliwa
Kitanemuk
Lake Miwok
Luiseño
Maidu
Mojave
Mutsun
Nisenan
Northern Paiute
Northern Sierra Miwok
Plains Miwok
Salinan A
Salinan M
Seri (Comcaac)
Serrano
Southern Paiute
Southern Sierra Miwok
Southern Ute
Tübatulabal
Tümpisa Shoshone
Wappo
Washo
Western Mono
Wintu
Yavapai
Yokuts Palewyami
Yokuts Yawdanchi
Yokuts Yowlumne
Yuki
Yuma

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