Language | Linnean Name | Orthographic Form | Phonemicized Form | Gloss as in Source | Etymology Code | Proto-Form | Proto-Language | Loan Source | Etymology Notes | Wanderwort Status | Etyma Set | Range of Term | Word Structure | Word Structure Notes | Classifier | Classifier Notes | Hypernym | Source | Association with Social Categories | Ritual/Mythologically Significant | Ritual Notes | Food Source | Food Notes | Medicinal | Medicinal Notes | How Collected | Who Collects | How Prepared | Psychotropic | Psychotropic Notes | Traded | Trade Notes | Distribution | Habitat | Dangerous | Ethnobiology Notes | Species Notes | General Notes |
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Language | Linnean Name | Orthographic Form | Phonemicized Form | Gloss as in Source | Etymology Code | Proto-Form | Proto-Language | Loan Source | Etymology Notes | Wanderwort Status | Etyma Set | Range of Term | Word Structure | Word Structure Notes | Classifier | Classifier Notes | Hypernym | Source | Association with Social Categories | Ritual/Mythologically Significant | Ritual Notes | Food Source | Food Notes | Medicinal | Medicinal Notes | How Collected | Who Collects | How Prepared | Psychotropic | Psychotropic Notes | Traded | Trade Notes | Distribution | Habitat | Dangerous | Ethnobiology Notes | Species Notes | General Notes |
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Bankalachi Toloim | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | pah-o'-ně | Yellow jacket, Vespula spp., Dolichoves spp. | loan | Yokuts | Wikchamni pah-o-ni'; pah'-o-ne; Yowlumne pah-o'-ni; Chukchansi bow'-ni; pow'-ni | same | underived | C. H. Merriam 72-79, 60-465 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | paijan | Yellow jacket, bee, honeybee | unique | broader (bees, etc.) | underived | Crapo 1979:110 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cahuilla | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | muxáavikat | muˈxa:vikat | Desert Cahuilla yellowjacket | unique | Might be a loan but looks like a construction from unknown verb | same | relative clause | muˈxa:vi-kat “the one who does X (muxa:vi, of unknown meaning; mu- may be nose prefix | no info | Seiler & Hioki 1979:116 | no info | 2 | 0 | no info | no info | no info | no info | 0 | 0 | All Americas | Prefers to be near water | no | |||||||||||||||
Central Sierra Miwok | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | mélngaly- | yellowjacket | inheritance | Miwokan | Pmiw meenani (Bodega Dic) | underived | Freeland & Broadbent 1960 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chemehuevi | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | watsávI | Yellow jacket | inheritance | *wa'wa, etc. | Proto-Northern Uto-Aztecan | Stubbs 162 (2008:62) and see also 894 (2008:152) | same | other complex | has -pi ABS | Harrington Chemehuevi Noun List | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||
Chumash Barbareno | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | 7ɨy | yellowjacket | inheritance | *ɨyɨ, *ɨyɨ' | Proto-Chumash | Klar 1977:117 | underived | Klar 1977;117 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Chumash Ineseno | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | oo'-e (said fast) | yellow jacket | inheritance | *ɨyɨ, *ɨyɨ' | Proto-Chumash | Klar 1977;117 | underived | Merriam 55:19 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Chumash Obispeno | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | (t)ɨyɨ | yellowjacket | inheritance | *ɨyɨ, *ɨyɨ' | Proto-Chumash | Klar 1977:117 | other complex | t- | Klar 1977;117 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Chumash Ventureno | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | 7ɨy | yellowjacket | inheritance | *ɨyɨ, *ɨyɨ' | Proto-Chumash | Klar 1977:117 | underived | Klar 1977;117 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Cocopa | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | şxmpa· | yellowjacket | inheritance | Proto-Yuman | Note Kiliwa cpaaw, 'Iipay Aa metpaaw, Mojave thaampo, Yuma mes-paw' | unknown | Crawford 1989 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Comanche | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cupeño | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | $e$e'ngimi | ˈşəşəʔŋimi | yellowjacket | inheritance | *saŋa- | Takic | S160 (Stubbs 2009:62); what happened to Cu. vowels? | same | other complex | ˈşə-şəʔŋ-im-i dup-yellow.jacket-plural-? (looks like an object form, but was volunteered as “the name”) | -ʔaʃ "pet" | possessive classifier for animals | Hill & Nolasquez 1973:172 | no info | 2 | 0 | larvae eaten? | no info | no info | no info | no info | 0 | 0 | Americas | diverse (depends on species) | no | |||||||||||
Esselen | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gabrielino | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | hah'ng-ar' | ˈha:ŋar | Yellow jacket | inheritance | *saŋa- | Takic | S160 (Stubbs 2009:62) | same | other complex | ˈha:ŋa-r yellow.jacket-npn | -ʔaʧ "pet" | possessive classifier for animals | http://www.archive.org/stream/bancroft_chartmerriam_1556_60#page/n415/mode/2up; p. 431 | no info | 2 | 0 | larvae (McC 121) | no info | gathered (wild) | all | often eaten raw as found (McC 121) | 0 | 0 | Americas | diverse (depends on species) | no | |||||||||||
Iipay 'Aa | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | metpaaw | yellow jacket | inheritance | Proto-Yuman | Note Cocopa şxmpa·, Kiliwa cpaaw | same | underived | Couro & Hutcheson 1973 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Kawaiisu | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | waca-vɨ | yellowjacket | inheritance | *wa'wa, etc. | Proto-Northern Uto-Aztecan | Stubbs 162 (2008:62) and see also stubbs 894 (2008:152) | same | other complex | waca-vɨ yellow.jacket-ABS | Zigmond et al. | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||
Kiliwa | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | cpaaw | wasp, yellow jacket | inheritance | Proto-Yuman | Note Cocopa şxmpa·; 'Iipay Aa metpaaw, Mojave thaampo | broader (includes other kinds of wasps) | underived | Mixco 1985 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Kitanemuk | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | haŋač | ˈhaŋaʧr | Bee sp.: yellow jacket | inheritance | *saŋa- | Takic | S160 (Stubbs 2009:62) | same | other complex | ˈhaŋa-ʧr yellow.jacket-npn | -ʔacit "pet" | possessive classifier for animals | Anderton 1988:303 | no info | 2 | 0 | larvae eaten | no info | gathered (wild) | all | no info | 0 | 0 | Americas | Diverse habitats | no | |||||||||||
Lake Miwok | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | láşkin, jáşkin | yellowjacket (Merriam has the latter 57:529) | unique | Note Mib ja$$um “to gig, spear, poker” | underived | Callaghan 1965 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Luiseño | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | $áa$angla | ʹşa:şaŋla | yellow jacket | inheritance | *saŋa- | Takic | S160 (Stubbs 2009:62) | same | reduplicated | $áa-$ang-la Dup-yellowjacket-non.possessed.noun | Elliott 1999:830 | no info | 2 | 0 | no info | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0 | 0 | Americas | diverse (depends on species) | no | ||||||||||||||
Maidu | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | 7epéni | yellowjacket | inheritance | *7e:pén | Maiduan | Ultan 1964:368 #300 | other complex | -i is stem former | Shipley 1963 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Mojave | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | thaampo ɂaqwath/thaampo tamkwerk | yellowjacket | inheritance | Proto-Yuman | Note Cocopa şxmpa·; 'Iipay Aa metpaaw, Kiliwa cpaaw | same | phrase | thaampo ɂaqwath bee yellow | Munro et al.1992 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Mutsun | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | pe-nan | yellow jacket | inheritance | Southern Costanoan only | Pinart has for “abispas que tienan panales” as “pinnan” for Co IV | underived | Merriam 55:419 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nisenan | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | 7e:pen | yellowjacket | inheritance | *7e:pén | Maiduan | Ultan 1964: 368 #300; I think there are other -pen- “bee” words; find | underived | Uldall & Shipley 1966 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Northern Paiute | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | nodda | bee (M: Yellow jacket | unique | broader (seems to include bees) | underived | Merriam 61:149 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Northern Sierra Miwok | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | melngaj-y- | bee (yellowjacket?) | inheritance | Miwokan | Pmiw meenani (Bodega Dic) | other complex | -y nominalizer | Callaghan 1987 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Plains Miwok | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | sus:u-, su:su- | yellow jacket | unique | reduplicated | Callaghan 1984 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Salinan A | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | lemém' | yellowjacket wasp | unique | Salinan | underived | Merriam 55:381; Turner 1980:68 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Salinan M | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | lemé'm | wasps, bees (Merriam “yellowjacket wasp” 55:381) | unique | Salinan | underived | Mason 1918:123 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Seri (Comcaac) | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Serrano | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | pahng'-ă-hahts | paha:nga-T | yellow jacket | inheritance | *sanga- | Takic | S160 (Stubbs 2009:62); contains pa- “big” prefix not in Kitanemuk | phrase | pa: “big” plus bee | Merriam 60:111 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||
Southern Paiute | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | pangwutcavI | Yellow jacket (Vespula spp., Dolichovespula sp.) | inheritance | *wita/*wiCta | Proto-Uto-Aztecan | Stubbs 159 (2008:62). this has increment pang- which is what??? | same | phrase | some increment on “bee” | Sapir 1930:602 | 2 | 0 | Larvae a delicacy CHM | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||
Southern Sierra Miwok | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | melngaj- | yellowjacket | inheritance | Miwokan | Pmiw meenani, and Pmi Bodega Dic | underived | Broadbent 1964: | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Southern Ute | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | pa?á-wHcá-vI | yellow-jacket | inheritance | *wita/*wiCta | Uto-Aztecan | Stubbs 159 (2008:62), this has different but similar increment to S. Paiute pang- | same | phrase | long-wasp-ABS (long may be one of many Ute folk etymologizations, though) | Givon 1979 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||
Tübatulabal | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | wewwehyül | wewehˈjɨl | yellow jacket | unique | Stubbs (S162; 2009:62) suggests with Lu. waawa-la “mud wasp”, Cup wa'walim “yellowjacket”. Maybe. | same | other complex | wewehˈjɨ-l yellowjacket-nph (root probably has reduplication) | Hill 2010:118 | no info | 2 | a story character | 0 | Voegelin 1938:12 | no info | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0 | 0 | Americas | Diverse habitats | no | ||||||||||||||
Tümpisa Shoshone | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | totongkwaa(n)tün | yellowjacket wasp | inheritance | *totoni | Proto-Uto-Aztecan | Goes with Stubbs 46 (2008:44) from “sting” | same | other complex | tongkwan “to sting” -tün AGENTIVE | Dayley 1989:298 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||
Wappo | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | néw | yellowjacket (CHM confirms 52:579) | inheritance | Yukian-Wappo | Elmendorf 1993:233; Yukian *naw' | underived | Sawyer 1965 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Washo | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | gɨX:c'i | gɨ́:c'i | yellow jacket *WPD has a little square after barred i -- I put an “X”. | unique | underived | Merriam 55:313; WPD | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Western Mono | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | pā'-nah; pan'-nah | peena (based on Bethel et al. “bee”) | yellow jacket, also means “ant” | loan | Yokuts | Yowlumne, Chukchansi pah-o'-ni “Yellow Jacket”. Perhaps a loan into “Californian”??? Note Cupeno paana- “tarantula” ??? Check | broader (various insects, apparently) | underived | may be onomatopoeic | Merriam 59:83 | no info | 2 | 0 | no info | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0 | 0 | no | |||||||||||||||||
Wintu | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | wenemk'ecit | wasp, yellowjacket (CHM consistent with hoo'-bit across all dialects) | inheritance | *k'eč | Wintun | Shepherd 2005 | phrase | elements unknown | Pitkin 1985 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Yavapai | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yokuts Palewyami | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yokuts Yawdanchi | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | baònai | yellow jacket | inheritance | *paɂo:nay | Nim-Yokuts | Golla 1964:66 | same | underived | Kroeber 1961:206) | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Yokuts Yowlumne | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | baònai, ba'o:nay | ba'o:na:y “wasp” N 169 | Yellow jacket | inheritance | *paɂo:nay | Nim-Yokuts | Golla 1964:66 | same | underived | Kroeber 1961:206 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||
Yuki | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | naw A, nah'-ahm MWO, na>əNm LF | bee, yellowjacket | inheritance | *naw' | Yukian-Wappo | Schlichter 1985; Elmendorf 1993:233) | other complex | -am derives nouns | Sawyer & Schlichter 1984 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Yuma | Vespula spp., Dolichovespula spp. | mes-paw' | yellow jacket | inheritance | Proto-Yuman | Note Kiliwa cpaaw, 'Iipay Aa metpaaw, Mojave thaampo | unknown | Merriam 61:465 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no |
Language |
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