| Bankalachi Toloim |
Ovis canadensis |
le-wā'-sip |
|
Bighorn sheep |
loan |
|
|
Yokuts |
Yowlumne lew-ā'-sip; le-wā'-sip (ultimately from Chumash “seal”, in Tubatulabal for mythical water monster) |
WW |
%lewasip |
same |
underived |
|
|
|
|
C. H. Merriam 72-77, 60-451 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Big Smokey Valley Shoshone |
Ovis canadensis |
wasy”-pin |
|
mountain sheep, game animals |
unique |
|
Central Numic |
|
From “kill several” -- not similarity with %lewasip, though |
|
|
broader (can label other large game) |
derived |
kill-ed (with -pɨ |
|
|
|
Crapo 1976:175 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Cahuilla |
Ovis canadensis |
páʔat |
ˈpaʔat |
mountain sheep |
inheritance |
*paʔaC- |
Northern Uto-Aztecan |
|
S204 (Stubbs 2009:67); may be a Proto-Kiowa-tanoan loan into Proto NUA |
|
|
same |
other complex |
pa7a-t |
-7aʃ "pet" |
animal is -7ash; the meat is with a meat classifier, usually -sex7a “cooked item” or -wa7 “roasted item” (Seiler 1977:304-5) |
suqtam “game” (literally, deer-plural) |
Seiler & Hioki 1979:145 |
no info |
2 |
|
1 |
hunting rules uncertain, but these are very hard to hunt |
no info |
|
hunted |
Men |
boiled, roasted |
0 |
|
0 |
I'll bet horn sets were traded |
Western North America |
Steep slopes |
no |
|
|
|
| Central Sierra Miwok |
Ovis canadensis |
wangì:- |
|
mountain sheep |
unique |
|
Sierra Miwokan only |
|
In Miss |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
Freeland & Broadbent 1960 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Chemehuevi |
Ovis canadensis |
nágA |
|
Bighorn (Ovis) |
semantic shift |
*nakV “meat” |
Proto-Uto-Aztecan |
|
Stubbs 1392 (1008:209) |
|
|
same |
underived |
|
|
|
|
Harrington Chemehuevi Noun List |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Chumash Barbareno |
Ovis canadensis |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Chumash Ineseno |
Ovis canadensis |
ʔal-ʃɨ-Vn > ʔalʃɨhɨn “the cliff-climber” |
|
mountain goat |
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
relative clause |
7al- agentive |
|
|
|
Applegate 211 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Chumash Obispeno |
Ovis canadensis |
tšopoX'o7o |
|
borrego, said to be domestic, not wild sheep, but NOT a Spanish loan; wild sheep not known |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
phrase |
elements unanalyzable |
|
|
|
JPH III:1:233 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Chumash Ventureno |
Ovis canadensis |
al-lix'mah 1932 |
|
bighorn sheep |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
other complex |
7al- |
|
|
|
Merriam 55:37 V |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Cocopa |
Ovis canadensis |
mu łyayák |
|
bighorn sheep |
inheritance |
*?-mu(w) |
Proto-Yuman |
|
Mixco 1978:80, 91 (has increment) |
WW |
%mo: |
same |
phrase |
sheep that.which.is.wild (a nice marking reversal) |
|
|
|
Crawford 1989 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Comanche |
Ovis canadensis |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Cupeño |
Ovis canadensis |
pa'at |
ˈpaʔat |
mountain sheep |
inheritance |
*paʔaC- |
Northern Uto-Aztecan |
|
S204 (Stubbs 2009:67); may be a Proto-Kiowa-tanoan loan into Proto NUA |
|
|
same |
other complex |
ˈpaʔa-t bighorn-npn |
-ʔaʃ "pet" |
possessive classifier for animals |
|
Hill & Nolasquez 1973:167 |
no info |
2 |
|
1 |
|
no info |
|
hunted |
men |
no info |
0 |
|
0 |
|
western North America |
steep slopes, cliffs |
no |
|
|
|
| Esselen |
Ovis canadensis |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Gabrielino |
Ovis canadensis |
pa:'at |
ˈpa:ʔat |
mountain sheep |
inheritance |
*paʔaC- |
Northern Uto-Aztecan |
|
S204 (Stubbs 2009:67); may be a Proto-Kiowa-tanoan loan into Proto NUA |
|
|
same |
other complex |
ˈpa:ʔa-t bighorn-npn |
-ʔaʧ "pet" |
possessive classifier for animals |
|
Harrington 080, 603 |
no info |
2 |
|
1 |
McC p. 116 |
no info |
|
hunted |
men |
roasted |
0 |
|
0 |
|
Western North America |
steep slopes, cliffs |
no |
|
|
|
| Iipay 'Aa |
Ovis canadensis |
ɂemuu |
|
wild sheep |
inheritance |
*?-mu(w) |
Proto-Yuman |
|
Mixco 1978:80, 91 |
WW |
%mo: |
same |
underived |
|
|
|
|
Couro & Hutcheson 1973 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Kawaiisu |
Ovis canadensis |
nagi |
|
bighorn sheep |
semantic shift |
*nakV “meat” |
Proto-Uto-Aztecan |
|
Stubbs 1392 (2008:209); “sheep” throughout S. Numic |
|
|
same |
underived |
|
|
|
|
Zigmond et al. |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Kiliwa |
Ovis canadensis |
?+muw |
|
Mountain sheep, domestic sheep, Orion's Sword |
inheritance |
*?-mu(w) |
Proto-Yuman |
|
Mixco 1978:80, 91 for P-Y |
WW |
%mo: |
broader (includes all kinds of sheep) |
other complex |
? dummy.nominal.element +sheep |
|
|
|
Mixco 1985 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Kitanemuk |
Ovis canadensis |
paʔt |
ˈpaʔt |
mountain sheep |
inheritance |
*paʔaC- |
Northern Uto-Aztecan |
|
S204 (Stubbs 2009:67); may be a Proto-Kiowa-tanoan loan into Proto NUA |
|
|
same |
other complex |
ˈpaʔ-t bighorn-npn (perhaps a loan into PNUA from Proto-Kiowa-Tanoan) |
-ʔacit "pet" |
possessive classifier for animals |
|
Anderton 1988:462 |
no info |
2 |
|
1 |
|
no info |
|
hunted |
men |
roasted, boiled |
0 |
|
0 |
|
Western North America |
steep slopes, cliffs |
no |
|
|
|
| Lake Miwok |
Ovis canadensis |
léep; hah-loo |
|
imitation of a large mythical game animal; bighorn sheep |
loan |
|
Miwokan |
unknown |
Mip hah-loo- “antelope” |
WW |
%lewasip |
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
Callaghan 1965; Merriam 57:515 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Luiseño |
Ovis canadensis |
páa'at |
ʹpa:Ɂat |
mountain sheep |
inheritance |
*paʔaC- |
Northern Uto-Aztecan |
|
S204 (Stubbs 2009:67); may be a Proto-Kiowa-tanoan loan into Proto NUA |
|
|
same |
other complex |
ʹpa:Ɂa-t bighorn-non.possessed.noun |
|
|
tó'wiyam “wild animals, principally edible meat animals” ; the sixth stage of Creation (Harrington 1978:116) |
Elliott 1999:660 |
no info |
2 |
In a Season Song for Nemoyil, “North the bighorn bears its young” (Kroeber 1925:658) |
1 |
|
no |
|
hunted |
men |
roasted on coals or in earth oven, meat could be ground and stored, rarely boiled |
0 |
|
0 |
|
Western North America |
steep slopes, cliffs |
no |
|
|
|
| Maidu |
Ovis canadensis |
awm'-sā-mim |
|
bighorn |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
other complex |
-im suffix |
|
|
|
Merriam 57:37 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Mojave |
Ovis canadensis |
ɂamo |
|
mountain sheep; part of the constellation Orion |
inheritance |
*?-mu(w) |
Proto-Yuman |
|
Mixco 1978:80, 91 ; Yuma 7amo/ Halpern 1:30 |
WW |
%mo: |
same |
underived |
|
|
|
|
Munro et al.1992 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Mutsun |
Ovis canadensis |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Nisenan |
Ovis canadensis |
wah-tā-kah |
|
bighorn |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
Merriam 57:229 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Northern Paiute |
Ovis canadensis |
koepa |
|
Bighorn (Ovis) |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
same |
underived |
|
|
|
|
Yerington Dictionary |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Northern Sierra Miwok |
Ovis canadensis |
che'-wo |
|
bighorn (used for all sheep) |
loan |
|
|
Spanish |
Spanish chivo “goat” |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
Merriam 57:307 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Plains Miwok |
Ovis canadensis |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Salinan A |
Ovis canadensis |
lă-wā'-sit |
|
Bighorn |
loan |
|
|
Yokuts |
Note similar forms as far east as Tub le:wshe:p “female spirit, perhaps otter”; Yowlumne lew-ā'-sip; le-wā'-sip; Yowlumne lew-ā'-sip; le-wā'-sip; Nim-Yokuts diwècip (Yawdanchi form) |
WW |
%lewasip |
|
underived |
must be etymologically complex if not a loan |
|
|
|
Merriam 65:367 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Salinan M |
Ovis canadensis |
lă-wā'-sit |
|
Bighorn |
loan |
|
|
unknown |
Note similar forms as far east as Tub le:wshe:p “female spirit, perhaps otter”; Yowlumne lew-ā'-sip; le-wā'-sip; |
WW |
%lewasip |
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
Merriam 55:367 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Seri (Comcaac) |
Ovis canadensis |
mojet |
|
bighorn sheep |
loan |
|
|
Cocopa? |
Yuman *?-mu(w) “bighorn sheep” |
WW |
%mo: |
same |
underived |
|
|
|
|
Comcaac Dictionary 447 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Serrano |
Ovis canadensis |
pa:7t |
|
mountain sheep |
inheritance |
*pa7aC- |
Northern Uto-Aztecan |
|
S204 (Stubbs 2009:67); may be a Proto-Kiowa-Tanoan loan into PNUA |
|
|
|
other complex |
-t NPN |
|
|
|
KCHill ms 2001:41 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Southern Paiute |
Ovis canadensis |
nagA |
|
Bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) |
semantic shift |
*nakV “meat” |
Proto-Uto-Aztecan |
|
Stubbs 1392 (2008:209) |
|
|
same |
underived |
|
|
|
|
Sapir 1930:581 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Southern Sierra Miwok |
Ovis canadensis |
wan'-he; wahn'-he |
|
bighorn |
inheritance |
|
Sierra Miwokan only |
|
In Mics; could this be a Numic loan??? |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
Merriam 57:451 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Southern Ute |
Ovis canadensis |
nagá-cI |
|
bighorn (sheep) |
semantic shift |
*nakV “meat” |
Uto-Aztecan |
|
Stubbs 1392 (2008:209) |
|
|
same |
other complex |
has -ci ABS |
|
|
|
Givon 1979 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Tübatulabal |
Ovis canadensis |
pā'at |
pa:ˈʔat |
bighorn sheep, Ovis canadensis |
inheritance |
*paʔaC- |
Northern Uto-Aztecan |
|
S204 (Stubbs 2009:67); may be a Proto-Kiowa-tanoan loan into Proto NUA |
|
|
same |
other complex |
pa:ˈʔa-t bighorn-npn |
|
|
|
hill 2010:62 |
no info |
2 |
|
1 |
|
no info |
|
hunted |
men |
roasted, diverse uses for skin, horn, etc. |
0 |
|
0 |
|
Western North America |
steep slopes, cliffs |
no |
|
|
|
| Tümpisa Shoshone |
Ovis canadensis |
wasüppin |
|
bighorn, game, Orion's Belt constellation |
unique |
|
Central Numic only |
|
Fowler notes regular derivation from “kill” in Numic for bighorn |
|
|
same |
other complex |
wasü” “kill”, ppin CL |
pin |
|
|
Dayley 1989:379 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Wappo |
Ovis canadensis |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Washo |
Ovis canadensis |
7ó:gal |
|
bighorn |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
Merriam 55:299; WPD |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Western Mono |
Ovis canadensis |
ne-vav'-ve tŭ-hŭt “snow deer” |
nɨbabi tihitA |
Bighorn sheep |
unique |
|
|
|
neologism with PNUA form for “snow”, Numic word for “deer” |
|
|
same |
phrase |
|
|
|
|
Merriam 59:67 CHECK |
no info |
2 |
|
1 |
|
no info |
|
hunted |
men |
no info |
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Wintu |
Ovis canadensis |
son too-rep |
so:n ture:p |
bighorn “rock antelope” |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
phrase |
|
|
|
|
Merriam 56:67; 97 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Yavapai |
Ovis canadensis |
ɂmú |
|
sheep |
inheritance |
*?-mu(w) |
Proto-Yuman |
|
Mixco 1978:80, 91 |
WW |
%mo: |
|
unknown |
|
|
|
|
Shaterian 1983 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Yokuts Palewyami |
Ovis canadensis |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Yokuts Yawdanchi |
Ovis canadensis |
diwècip |
|
mountain sheep |
inheritance |
|
Nim-Yokuts |
|
Note similar forms as far east as Tub le:wshe:p “female spirit, perhaps otter”; Yowlumne lew-ā'-sip; le-wā'-sip; Nim-Yokuts diwècip (Yawdanchi form); Salinan lă-wā'-sit |
WW |
%lewasip |
same |
underived |
complex form but may be a loan |
|
|
|
Kroeber 1907:198 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Yokuts Yowlumne |
Ovis canadensis |
lew-ā'-sip; le-wā'-sip |
|
bighorn sheep |
inheritance |
|
Nim-Yokuts |
|
Probably a loan from somewhere; it's in Tubatulabal |
WW |
%lewasip |
same |
underived |
probably complex but unanalyzable given available materials |
|
|
|
Merriam 58:549 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Yuki |
Ovis canadensis |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Yuma |
Ovis canadensis |
7amo |
|
Bighorn (Ovis) |
inheritance |
*?-mu(w) |
Proto-Yuman |
|
Mixco 1978:80, 91 |
WW |
%mo: |
|
unknown |
|
|
|
|
Merriam 61:451, Halpern 1:30 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
