Hunter-Gatherer Language Database

chia

Semantic Field: flora-fauna
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
Meaning Portuguese

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Language	Linnean Name	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Etymology Notes	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Range of Term	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	Classifier	Classifier Notes	Hypernym	Source	Association with Social Categories	Ritual/Mythologically Significant	Ritual Notes	Food Source	Food Notes	Medicinal	Medicinal Notes	How Collected	Who Collects	How Prepared	Psychotropic	Psychotropic Notes	Traded	Trade Notes	Distribution	Habitat	Dangerous	Ethnobiology Notes	Species Notes	General Notes

Language	Linnean Name	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Etymology Notes	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Range of Term	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	Classifier	Classifier Notes	Source	Association with Social Categories	Ritual/Mythologically Significant	Ritual Notes	Food Source	Food Notes	Medicinal	Medicinal Notes	How Collected	Who Collects	How Prepared	Trade Notes	Distribution	Habitat	Dangerous
Bankalachi Toloim	Salvia columbariae	missing			missing								missing						1		1		1								no
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone	Salvia columbariae	missing			inheritance								missing						1		1		1								no
Cahuilla	Salvia columbariae	pásal	ˈpasal	columbariae, ground wheat, chia	inheritance	*pasa/i	Californian		S1599 (Stubbs 2009:233). Only Numic is Tumpisa Shoshone, almost certainly a loan from Tubatulabal. This shows up in Chumash, itepesh(Ventureno), Salinan, may be an old Californianism.	WW	%pasv	same	other complex	pasa-l	-kíɂiw-ɂa “my waiting, my claim”	possessive classifier -kíɂiw-ɂa “my waiting, my claim” (Seiler 1977:301)	Seiler&Hioki 1979:141	no info	1		1	most important seed source	1	chia mush used as poultice for infections	Gathered (wild but closely managed)	women	seeds hulled, parched, ground into flour, mixed with other wild seeds in mush		California and Southwest	Below 6000 feet in dry open areas, extensive stands in chaparral	no
Central Sierra Miwok	Salvia columbariae	missing			missing								missing						1		1		1								no
Chemehuevi	Salvia columbariae	pah-sĕCH	pasily	Chia (Salvia columbariae)	loan			Cupan	Stubbs 1599 (2008:2333), Cupan, Gab, Sr, Tb; TS probably a loan; this may be cognate, so TS good??). But this is clearly the Cupan word	WW	%pasv	same	underived				Merriam 59:543		1		1		1	Merriam notes “medicine” Merriam 59:543							no
Chumash Barbareno	Salvia columbariae	ilepesh		chia	inheritance	*'epV-	Proto-Chumash		Klar 1977:75-6			same	other complex	-Vš resultative			Timbrook 2007;192		1	“given as a ceremonial offering at most public and private rituals” Timbrook 2007:192	1		1	to clear eyes of particles	gathered (wild but closely managed)	women	toasted, ground into flour	to Island Chumash “one hatful of chia worth five hatfuls of acorns, 5 o 8 hatfuls of Chia for a good elderberry-wood bow, also could be bought w/ strings of shell money (Timbrook 2007:192			no
Chumash Ineseno	Salvia columbariae	i'lepesh		chia	inheritance	*'epV-	Proto-Chumash		Klar 1977:75-6			same	other complex	-Vsh resultative			Timbrook 2007:188		1	“given as a ceremonial offering at most public and private rituals” Timbrook 2007:192	1		1	to clear eyes of particles	gathered (wild but closely managed)	women	toasted, ground into flour	to Island Chumash “one hatful of chia worth five hatfuls of acorns, 5 o 8 hatfuls of Chia for a good elderberry-wood bow, also could be bought w/ strings of shell money (Timbrook 2007:192			no
Chumash Obispeno	Salvia columbariae	l'ɨpɨ		Chia	inheritance	*'epV-	Proto-Chumash		Klar 1977:75-6				other complex	7al-			Timbrook 2007:188		1		1		1								no
Chumash Ventureno	Salvia columbariae	itepesh		Salvia columbariae, Chia	inheritance	*'epV-	Proto-Chumash		Klar 1977:75-6			same	other complex	-Vsh resultative			Timbrook 2007:188		1	“given as a ceremonial offering at most public and private rituals” Timbrook 2007:192	1		1	to clear eyes of particles	gathered (wild but closely managed)	women	toasted, ground into flour	to Island Chumash “one hatful of chia worth five hatfuls of acorns, 5 o 8 hatfuls of Chia for a good elderberry-wood bow, also could be bought w/ strings of shell money (Timbrook 2007:192			no
Cocopa	Salvia columbariae	missing			missing								missing						1		1		1								no
Comanche	Salvia columbariae	missing			missing								missing						1		1		1								no
Cupeño	Salvia columbariae	pa$al	ˈpaşal	Chia	inheritance	*pasa/i	Californian		S1599 (Stubbs 2009:233). Only Numic is Tumpisa Shoshone, almost certainly a loan from Tubatulabal. This shows up in Chumash, Salinan, may be an old Californianism.	WW	%pasv	same	other complex	ˈpaşa-l chia-npn			Hill & Nolasquez 1973:167	no info	1		1	most important edible seed source	no info		gathered (wild but closely managed)	women	seeds parched, mixed with other seeds for mush		California and Southwest	Below 6000 feet in dry open areas, extensive stands in chaparral	no
Esselen	Salvia columbariae	missing			missing								missing						1		1		1								no
Gabrielino	Salvia columbariae	pa$i:y	paˈşi:j	chia	inheritance	*pasa/i	Californian		S1599 (Stubbs 2009:233). Only Numic is Tumpisa Shoshone, almost certainly a loan from Tubatulabal. This shows up in Chumash, Salinan, may be an old Californianism.	WW	%pasv	same	other complex	paˈşi:-j chia-npn	-hi:n	classifier for worthwhile possessions	Harrington 127	no info	1		1	most important seed source	no info		gathered (wild but closely managed)	women	parched, mixed with other seeds in pinole		California and Southwest	Below 6000 feet in dry open areas, extensive stands in chaparral	no
Iipay 'Aa	Salvia columbariae	mulh' amulh		Chia, Salvia columbariae	unique							same	underived	mulemul “round like ball”? (of inflorescence?)			http://www.powayusd.com/projects/kumeyaay/Ethnobotany.htm		1		1		1								no
Kawaiisu	Salvia columbariae	pasidabɨ		Salvia columbariae	inheritance	*pasa/i	Californian		Stubbs 1599 (2008:2333), Cupan, Gab, Sr, Tb; TS probably a loan; this may be cognate, so TS good??)	WW	%pasv	same	other complex	pasida-bɨ Chia-ABS	bɨ, pɨ	bɨ, pɨ seem to classify for plants, trees	1981 Zigmond		1		1		1								no
Kiliwa	Salvia columbariae	psil		chia	loan			Takic	Widespread in California; cf. Cupan *pasal	WW	%pasv	same	underived				Mixco 1985		1		1		1								no
Kitanemuk	Salvia columbariae	pahinač	pahinaʧ	Chia sp.: Salvia columbariae, also called Skunk Sage	inheritance	*pasa/i	Californian		S1599 (Stubbs 2009:233). Only Numic is Tumpisa Shoshone, almost certainly a loan from Tubatulaba, and Kawaiisu. This shows up in Chumash, Salinan,Kiliwa!! may be an old Californianism.	WW	%pasv	same	other complex	pahina-ʧ chia-npn	-niw	possessive classifier for things	Anderton 1988:452	no info	1	Kitanemuk used seeds as offerings in most ceremonies	1		no info		gathered (wild but closely managed)	women	parched and mixed with other seeds in diverse preparations		California and Southwest	Below 6000 feet in dry open areas, extensive stands in chaparral	no
Lake Miwok	Salvia columbariae	missing			missing								missing						1		1		1								no
Luiseño	Salvia columbariae	páa$al	ʹpa:şal	chia	inheritance	*pasa/i	Californian		S1599 (Stubbs 2009:233). Only Numic is Tumpisa Shoshone, almost certainly a loan from Tubatulabal. This shows up in Chumash, Salinan, may be an old Californianism.	WW	%pasv	same	other complex	ʹpa:şa-l chia-non.possessed.noun			Elliott 1999:670	no info (although stands were surely owned by “clans/villages”, this is not mentioned specifically even in White for Chia	1	ball of seed and salt placed in girls' mouths at initiation (Strong 1929:298) and given to boys at end of Ant Ordeal (Strong 1929:317)	1	most esteemed seed(Sparkman 1908:196)	no info		gathered (wild)	women	seeds parched and mixed with other seeds for pinole mush		California and Southwest	Below 6000 feet in dry open areas, extensive stands in chaparral	no
Maidu	Salvia columbariae	missing			missing								missing						1		1		1								no
Mojave	Salvia columbariae	missing			missing								missing						1		1		1								no
Mutsun	Salvia columbariae	pat:i		chia	inheritance	*pat:ih	Costanoan		Callagan 1992:40	WW	%pasv		underived				Mason 1916:430		1		1		1								no
Nisenan	Salvia columbariae	missing			missing								missing						1		1		1								no
Northern Paiute	Salvia columbariae	missing			missing								missing						1		1		1								no
Northern Sierra Miwok	Salvia columbariae	missing			missing								missing						1		1		1								no
Plains Miwok	Salvia columbariae	missing			missing								missing						1		1		1								no
Salinan A	Salvia columbariae	pásel		chia	loan			Takic	Proto-Californian(Takic & Tubatulabal) *pasa/i	WW	%pasv		underived				Mason 1918:126; Turner 1980:70		1		1		1								no
Salinan M	Salvia columbariae	pásiL		Chia	loan			Takic	Proto-Californian(Takic & Tubatulabal) *pasa/i	WW	%pasv		underived				Mason 1918:129		1		1		1								no
Seri (Comcaac)	Salvia columbariae	hehe yapxöt imóoxi		desert chia, Salvia columbariae	unique							same	relative clause	flower that.does.not -die (im-, negative relative clause marker!)			Comcaac Dictionary 376		1		1		1								no
Serrano	Salvia columbariae	pa:hinaT		chia (CHM confirms 60-119)	inheritance	*pasa/i	Californian		S1599 (Stubbs 2009:233). Only Numic is Tumpisa Shoshone, almost certainly a loan from Tubatulabal, and Kawaiisu. This shows up in Chumash, Salinan, Kiliwa! May be an old Californianism.	WW	%pasv		other complex	-t NPN			KCHill ms 2001:41		1		1		1								no
Southern Paiute	Salvia columbariae	pa:cI		seeds of a certain weed, used for mush	loan			Cupan	Stubbs 1599 (2008:2333), Cupan, Gab, Sr, Tb; TS probably a loan; this may be cognate, so TS good??). But this is clearly the Cupan word; note Chemehuevi even has the -ly suffix!	WW	%pasv	same	underived				Sapir 1930:606		1		1		1								no
Southern Sierra Miwok	Salvia columbariae	missing			missing								missing						1		1		1								no
Southern Ute	Salvia columbariae	páasa-pI		cooked cereal, gruel, grits, mush	semantic shift				This is a widespread loan for chia, Salvia columbariae -- it doesn't grow in Ute-land, though			narrower (just the cereal, plant no longer known)	other complex	has -pi ABS			Givon 1979		1		1		1								no
Tübatulabal	Salvia columbariae	pāshīl	pa:ˈʃi:l	chia seeds, Salvia columbariae	inheritance	*pasa/i	Californian		S1599 (Stubbs 2009:233). Only Numic is Tumpisa Shoshone, almost certainly a loan from Tubatulabal. This shows up in Chumash, Salinan, may be an old Californianism.	WW	%pasv	broader (plant and seeds)	other complex	pa:ˈʃi:-l chia-npn			Hill 2010:66	no info	1		1		no info		gathered (wild)	women	seeds parched, mixed with other seeds, mixed with water as gruel		California and Southwest	Below 6000 feet in dry open areas, extensive stands in chaparral	no
Tümpisa Shoshone	Salvia columbariae	missing			missing								missing						1		1		1								no
Wappo	Salvia columbariae	missing			missing								missing						1		1		1								no
Washo	Salvia columbariae	missing			missing								missing						1		1		1								no
Western Mono	Salvia columbariae	tsaatibi		Chia plant (Salvia columbariae)	unique							same	other complex	has -CL	-pi	seed is tsaatI	Bethel et al.:241	no info	1		1	In pinole gruel, as thickener in manzanita cider, as flavoring in tea	1	used to get something out of the eye	Gathered (wild but closely managed)	women	seeds dried, ground, used in pinole of all types	not documented for Mono but chia mentioned as trade item for other groups			no
Wintu	Salvia columbariae	missing			missing								missing						1		1		1								no
Yavapai	Salvia columbariae	missing			missing								missing						1		1		1								no
Yokuts Palewyami	Salvia columbariae	missing			missing								missing						1		1		1								no
Yokuts Yawdanchi	Salvia columbariae	missing			missing								missing						1		1		1								no
Yokuts Yowlumne	Salvia columbariae	missing			missing								missing						1		1		1								no
Yuki	Salvia columbariae	pā'-shil hel		“meal of small seeds”; CHM says pa'-shil is tarweed, Madia elegans	loan			Salinan? ultimately	California “chia” word, *hil “seed” is Yukian; look at Chia, Tarweed and see if other eg's	WW	%pasv		other complex	-il' is suffix			(MW) in Schlichter 1985:299		1		1		1								no
Yuma	Salvia columbariae	missing			missing								missing						1		1		1								no


Bankalachi Toloim
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone
Cahuilla
Central Sierra Miwok
Chemehuevi
Chumash Barbareno
Chumash Ineseno
Chumash Obispeno
Chumash Ventureno
Cocopa
Comanche
Cupeño
Esselen
Gabrielino
Iipay 'Aa
Kawaiisu
Kiliwa
Kitanemuk
Lake Miwok
Luiseño
Maidu
Mojave
Mutsun
Nisenan
Northern Paiute
Northern Sierra Miwok
Plains Miwok
Salinan A
Salinan M
Seri (Comcaac)
Serrano
Southern Paiute
Southern Sierra Miwok
Southern Ute
Tübatulabal
Tümpisa Shoshone
Wappo
Washo
Western Mono
Wintu
Yavapai
Yokuts Palewyami
Yokuts Yawdanchi
Yokuts Yowlumne
Yuki
Yuma

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