| Bankalachi Toloim |
Populus spp. |
lap-pah |
|
Cottonwood (Populus sp.) |
loan |
|
|
Yokuts |
Wikchamni/Yawdanchi dah-pah; Yowlumne lah'-pah (so Proto-NimYokuts) |
WW |
%pat ~ %lapat |
same |
underived |
may be derived syncrhonically from “leaf”, PNY *t'ap- |
|
|
|
C. H. Merriam 72-79, 60-467 |
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Big Smokey Valley Shoshone |
Populus spp. |
soho-pin |
|
Cottonwood (populus) |
inheritance |
*sohopin |
Northern Uto-Aztecan |
|
Stubbs 542a (2008:111, only Numic and Hopi |
|
|
same |
underived |
|
|
|
|
Crapo 1976:120 |
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Cahuilla |
Populus spp. |
lávalvanet |
ˈlavalvanet |
cottonwood tree |
loan |
|
|
Yokuts |
Note Bankalachi lap-pah 72-79, 60-467; Yowlumne lah'-pah (Merriam 58:565) |
WW |
%pat ~ %lapat |
same |
other complex |
lavalvane-t (root must be derived somehow) |
-m-exan-7a "inanimate" |
-m-exan-7a (inanimate classifier) |
|
Seiler&Hioki 1979:95 |
no info |
2 |
|
0 |
Bean & Saubel 1972:106 note that edible mushrooms were found on dead cottonwood brances |
1 |
leaves and bark boiled for poultices for muscle strain, headaches, cuts, saddle sores and swollen legs of horses. |
gathered (wild) |
women |
Boil water, bark, and leaves and use for soaking injured limb or for poultice |
0 |
|
0 |
|
Southern Canada south to northern Mexico |
Moist places below 6,500 feet |
no |
|
|
|
| Central Sierra Miwok |
Populus spp. |
tah-tah'-kol-lă |
|
cottonwood |
inheritance |
|
Eastern Miwokan |
|
Also in Miss, Mip |
|
|
|
reduplicated |
|
|
|
|
Merriam 57:467 |
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Chemehuevi |
Populus spp. |
so'-vimp, sah'-vip' |
só·vimpə (voiceless schwa) JPH |
Cottonwood (Populus) |
inheritance |
*sohopin |
Proto-Northern Uto-Aztecan |
|
Stubbs 42a (2008:111), only Numic and Hopi |
|
|
same |
other complex |
has -pɨ ABS |
|
|
|
Merriam 59:539 |
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Chumash Barbareno |
Populus spp. |
kwek' |
|
Fremont cottonwood |
inheritance |
|
Central Chumash only |
|
I, V have reduplicated version, or a different reduplication |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
Beeler 1978:178 |
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Chumash Ineseno |
Populus spp. |
koi-dă-kwel'; kwel-lă-kwel |
|
Cottonwood |
inheritance |
|
Central Chumash only |
|
Central Chumash |
|
|
|
unknown |
|
|
|
|
Merriam 55:21 |
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Chumash Obispeno |
Populus spp. |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Chumash Ventureno |
Populus spp. |
khwelekhwel |
|
Populus fremontii, Cottonwood (Merriam confirms 55:53) |
inheritance |
|
Central Chumash only |
|
Central Chumash |
|
|
|
reduplicated |
|
|
|
|
Timbrook 2007:149 |
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Cocopa |
Populus spp. |
xɂa |
|
cottonwood (Populus fremontii) |
inheritance |
|
Proto-Yuman |
|
Note Mojave ɂahɂa, Yavapai ɂhá(·) |
|
|
same |
underived |
|
|
|
|
Crawford 1989 |
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Comanche |
Populus spp. |
soho obi huupi |
|
cottonwood tree |
inheritance |
*sohopin |
Northern Uto-Aztecan |
|
Stubbs 542a (2008:111), only Numic and Hopi |
|
|
same |
phrase |
cottonwood tree |
|
|
|
Robinson & Armagost 1990:165 |
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Cupeño |
Populus spp. |
avaxat |
ʔaˈvaxat |
cottonwood tree, tree |
inheritance |
*ava:xa-t |
Cupan |
|
S544 (Stubbs 2009:111), possibly Yaqui avaso??? |
|
|
broader (can be used for leafy green trees in general) |
other complex |
ʔaˈvaxa-t cottonwood-npn (root may be derived) |
|
|
|
Hill & Nolasquez 1973:151 |
no info |
2 |
figures in many stories as a background element |
0 |
|
no info |
|
gathered (wild) |
all |
mainly for wood and bark, inner bark yields fiber |
0 |
|
0 |
|
Southern Canada south to Mexico |
moist areas below 6500 feet |
no |
|
|
|
| Esselen |
Populus spp. |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Gabrielino |
Populus spp. |
tuva:r |
tuˈva:r |
alamo |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
same |
other complex |
tuˈva:-r cottonwood - npn |
|
|
|
Harrington 052, 124, 583 |
no info |
2 |
Couplet in Luiseno, so probably at Creator's mourning ceremony; used in construction of yovaar (Harrington) |
0 |
|
no info |
|
gathered (wild) |
all |
wood for fuel, other purposes; bark fiber for clothing |
0 |
|
0 |
|
southern Canada south to northern Mexico |
moist areas |
no |
|
|
|
| Iipay 'Aa |
Populus spp. |
halampuulaamp |
|
cottonwood |
unique |
|
|
|
could this be the %lap word?? |
|
|
same |
underived |
may contain the cottonwood cognate, ?aha or whatever it is |
|
|
|
Couro & Hutcheson 1973 |
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Kawaiisu |
Populus spp. |
soovipɨ |
|
Populus fremonti |
inheritance |
*sohopin |
Proto-Northern Uto-Aztecan |
|
Stubbs 542a (2008:111), only Numic & Hopi |
|
|
same |
other complex |
soovi-pɨ cottonwood (-vi?)-ABS |
bɨ, pɨ |
bɨ, pɨ seem to classify for plants, trees |
|
1981 Zigmond |
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Kiliwa |
Populus spp. |
ml=tay |
|
cottonwood |
unique |
|
|
|
contains *tay “big” |
|
|
same |
phrase |
?-large |
|
|
|
Mixco 1985 |
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Kitanemuk |
Populus spp. |
wamat |
ˈwamat |
cottonwood tree |
unique |
|
Serran |
|
|
|
|
same |
other complex |
ˈwama-t cottonwood-npn |
-niw |
possessive classifier for things |
|
Anderton 1988:562 |
no info |
2 |
|
0 |
|
1 |
medicine for broken bones |
gathered (wild) |
women |
bark (outer and inner) used |
0 |
|
0 |
|
southern Canada south to northern Mexico |
moist areas |
no |
|
|
|
| Lake Miwok |
Populus spp. |
lakáhtumaj |
|
cottonwood tree (Merriam has pah-tah'-pah al'-wah 57:533) |
unique |
|
|
|
Some kind of metathesis related to Mip tat:ahkal??? Note Merriam's form areal, cf. Wappo pah'-to, Yukki paNtme7 |
|
|
|
phrase |
lakah-tum-aj meaning of elements unknown |
|
|
|
Callaghan 1965 |
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Luiseño |
Populus spp. |
7aváaxat |
Ɂaʹva:xat |
cottonwood tree |
inheritance |
*ʔavaaxa-t |
Cupan |
|
S544 (Stubbs 2009:111); Stubbs also likes Arizona Yaqui avaso and possibly O'odham 'auppa; if good perhaps UA, more likely a regionalism. A loan possible? Cocopa x?a,, Mojave ?ah?a, Yavapai ?ha:, for the -xat part? But that isn't stressed at all. |
|
|
same |
other complex |
Ɂaʹva:xa-t cottonwood-non.possessed.noun |
|
|
|
Elliott 1999: 143 |
no info |
2 |
couplet: pawxit, 'avaaxat (referring to place names in the west); used in construction of wamkish (Harrington 1978:36) |
0 |
|
no info |
|
gathered (wild) |
women |
no info |
0 |
|
0 |
|
southern Canada south to northern Mexico |
moist areas |
no |
|
|
|
| Maidu |
Populus spp. |
wilílim c'á |
|
cottonwood |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
reduplicated |
tree that flutters |
|
|
|
Shipley 1963 |
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Mojave |
Populus spp. |
ɂahɂa |
|
cottonwood |
inheritance |
|
Proto-Yuman |
|
Note Co. xɂa, Yavapai ɂhá(·); Yuma 7ax7a/. Halpern 1:30 |
|
|
same |
underived |
|
|
|
|
Munro et al.1992 |
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Mutsun |
Populus spp. |
porpor |
|
cottonwood, poplar (Merriam confirms Merriam 55:421) |
inheritance |
|
Costanoan |
|
Pinart has in Co III, IV |
|
|
|
reduplicated |
|
|
|
|
Okrand 1977:128 |
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Nisenan |
Populus spp. |
wah-dă-dah'um chah; wad'-dă-dah; dă-dak'-ă-sim' chan; dak-kas |
|
cottonwood |
unique |
|
|
|
Note E. miwoak tat:a(h)k(:)al in Mip, Miss, Mics |
|
|
|
phrase |
|
|
|
|
Merriam 57:245 |
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Northern Paiute |
Populus spp. |
sunngabe |
|
Cottonwood (Populus) |
inheritance |
*sɨŋa |
Numic |
|
Stubbs 2353 (2008:316); usually “aspen” |
|
|
broader (may extend to any “tree”; see below) |
other complex |
has -pi ABS |
|
|
|
Merriam 61:151 |
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Northern Sierra Miwok |
Populus spp. |
sus:u |
|
cottonwood |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
reduplicated |
|
|
|
|
Callaghan 1987 |
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Plains Miwok |
Populus spp. |
tat:ahkal, tat:ak:al |
|
cotton tree (Populus), poplar |
inheritance |
|
Eastern Miwokan |
|
In Miss, Mics |
|
|
|
reduplicated |
|
|
|
|
Callaghan 1984 |
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Salinan A |
Populus spp. |
cho'-lahk |
|
Cottonwood |
unique |
|
Salinan |
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
Merriam 55:385 |
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Salinan M |
Populus spp. |
pă'-chŏl |
|
Cottonwood |
unique |
|
Salinan |
|
Merriam has pahtah'-pah al'-way for Mil (57:533); Yuki ; pątme7; Wappo pah-to (CHM) |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
Merriam 55:385 |
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Seri (Comcaac) |
Populus spp. |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Serrano |
Populus spp. |
wah'-mut |
|
cottonwood (= tree) |
unique |
|
Serran |
|
|
|
|
|
other complex |
-t NPN |
|
|
|
Merriam 72:29, 60:113 |
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Southern Paiute |
Populus spp. |
so:vimpɨ |
|
Cottonwood (Populus spp.) |
inheritance |
*sohopin |
Proto-Northern Uto-Aztecan |
|
Stubbs 542a (2008:111) only Numc & Hopi |
|
|
same |
other complex |
has -pɨ ABS |
|
|
|
Sapir 1930:662 |
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Southern Sierra Miwok |
Populus spp. |
tat:ak:ala- |
|
cottonwood |
inheritance |
|
Eastern Miwokan |
|
Also in Mics, Mip |
|
|
|
reduplicated |
|
|
|
|
Broadbent 1964: |
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Southern Ute |
Populus spp. |
sųų-vų-pŲ |
|
cottonwood |
unique |
|
|
|
I think this is a poorly-recalled version of cognate of *sohopin (Stubbs 542a (2008:111) |
|
|
broader (can mean any big tree) |
other complex |
has -pɨ ABS |
|
|
|
Givon 1979 |
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Tübatulabal |
Populus spp. |
uttuhhul |
ʔutuˈhul |
Cottonwood tree |
inheritance |
*tukɨ(nu)- |
Californian |
|
What about S2359 tukynu “alder tree”??? (Stubbs 2009:316), Takic (Tb. vowels wrong but /u/ is contagious)_ |
|
|
same |
other complex |
ʔutuˈhu-l cottonwood-npn |
|
|
|
Hill 2010:104 |
no info |
2 |
|
0 |
|
no info |
|
gathered (wild) |
all |
wood, bark, fibrous inner bark used |
0 |
|
0 |
|
southern Canada south to northern Mexico |
moist areas |
no |
|
|
|
| Tümpisa Shoshone |
Populus spp. |
sohopimpü |
|
cottonwood |
inheritance |
*sohopin |
Proto-Northern Uto-Aztecan |
|
Stubbs 542a (2008:111); only Numic and Hopi |
|
|
same |
other complex |
soho-pim-pü cottonwood-CL-CL |
pü |
|
|
Dayley 1989:246 |
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Wappo |
Populus spp. |
pah'-to |
|
cottonwood |
inheritance |
|
Yukian-Wappo |
|
Merriam has pahtah'-pah al'-way for Mil (57:533); Yuki ; pątme7 |
WW |
%pa(t) ~ %lapat |
|
other complex |
Nearly all tree words end in -o, Sawyer 1991 says is reduction of compound with hol “tree” |
|
|
|
Merriam 52:581 |
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Washo |
Populus spp. |
t'áša7 |
|
Cottonwood |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
Merriam 55:315; WPD |
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Western Mono |
Populus spp. |
sohopA (Gayton 1941 2:224) |
|
Cottonwood, Populus spp. |
inheritance |
*sohopin |
Proto-Northern Uto-Aztecan |
|
Only Numic and Hopi; Stubbs 542a (2008:111) |
|
|
same |
underived |
|
|
|
|
Merriam 59:85 |
no info |
2 |
|
0 |
|
no info |
|
gathered (wild) |
men, women |
mainly for wood |
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Wintu |
Populus spp. |
t'arap |
|
cottonwood, maple (CHM tar-rap' me 56:19, different word for maple) |
unique |
|
|
|
Shepherd 2005:183 has as word for “mushroom, flat, on trees” in River Patwin |
WW |
%pa(t) ~ %lapat |
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
Pitkin 1985 |
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Yavapai |
Populus spp. |
ɂhá(·) |
|
cottonwood |
inheritance |
|
Proto-Yuman |
|
Note Mojave ɂahɂa, Co. Co. xɂa |
|
|
|
unknown |
|
|
|
|
Shaterian 1983 |
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Yokuts Palewyami |
Populus spp. |
lep-pah |
|
cottonwood |
inheritance |
|
Yokutsan |
|
in Yawd, Yowl, etc., probably related to words for “leaf” |
WW |
%pat ~ %lapat |
same |
underived |
|
|
|
|
Merriam 58:533 |
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Yokuts Yawdanchi |
Populus spp. |
dap'-pah |
|
cottonwood |
inheritance |
|
Yokutsan |
|
lep-pah in Palewyami; similar form in all Merriam's lists |
WW |
%pat ~ %lapat |
same |
underived |
might be related to/dapdap/ “leaf” with some consonantal sound symbolism byt this would be an ancient derivation |
|
|
|
Merriam 58:501 |
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Yokuts Yowlumne |
Populus spp. |
lah'-pah |
|
cottonwood |
inheritance |
|
Yokutsan |
|
lep-pah in Palewyami; similar form in all Merriam's list |
WW |
%pat ~ %lapat |
same |
underived |
might be related to/dapdap/ “leaf” with some consonantal sound symbolism byt this would be an ancient derivation |
|
|
|
Merriam 58:565 |
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Yuki |
Populus spp. |
pątme7 F |
|
cottonwood tree |
inheritance |
|
Yukian-Wappo |
|
Note Merriam has pahtah'-pah al'-way for Mil (57:533); Wappo is pah-to |
|
|
|
phrase |
pat “cottonwood” is my guess, a Wanderwort -- -me7?? |
|
|
|
Sawyer & Schlichter 1984 |
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Yuma |
Populus spp. |
7ax7a/. |
|
Cottonwood (Populus) |
inheritance |
|
Proto-Yuman |
|
Note Co. xɂa, Yavapai ɂhá(·); |
|
|
|
unknown |
|
|
|
|
Merriam 61:467, Halpern 1:30 |
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
