elk

Semantic Field
flora-fauna
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
Meaning Portuguese

Languages

Language Linnean Name Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Etymology Notes Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Range of Term Word Structure Word Structure Notes Classifier Classifier Notes Hypernym Source Association with Social Categories Ritual/Mythologically Significant Ritual Notes Food Source Food Notes Medicinal Medicinal Notes How Collected Who Collects How Prepared Psychotropic Psychotropic Notes Traded Trade Notes Distribution Habitat Dangerous Ethnobiology Notes Species Notes General Notes
Bankalachi Toloim Cervas elaphus soi'-yōl Elk (Cervas elaphus) loan Yokuts Proto-NimYokuts *sohkoy (Golla 1964:61) WW %sok same underived compare to “antelope” C. H. Merriam 72-77, 60-451 2 1 0 0 0 no
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone Cervas elaphus pateheya elk (M: Elk (Cervus) inheritance *pa-*tɨkɨya Numic Stubbs 625a (2008:121) unknown Crum & Dayley 1993:278 2 1 0 0 0 no
Cahuilla Cervas elaphus missing missing missing 2 1 0 0 0 no
Central Sierra Miwok Cervas elaphus hák:a:ja- elk inheritance *hak:a:ja- Eastern Miwokan Callaghan 1997;59 may be cog w/ Pyokutsan *sohkoy ??” WW %sok other complex -jaH Freeland & Broadbent 1960 2 1 0 0 0 no
Chemehuevi Cervas elaphus paˈrə^ia Elk inheritance *pa-*tɨkɨya Proto-Numic Stubbs 625a (2008:121 (W, S Numic form) same phrase big-deer Merriam 59:521 2 1 0 0 0 no
Chumash Barbareno Cervas elaphus missing missing missing 2 1 0 0 0 no
Chumash Ineseno Cervas elaphus she'-oo elk loan Central Chumash only Yokuts could this be from Yokuts %sok, the /soyo/ form??? WW %sok underived Merriam 55:3 2 1 0 0 0 no
Chumash Obispeno Cervas elaphus missing missing missing 2 1 0 0 0 no
Chumash Ventureno Cervas elaphus ši7iw(o) elk loan Central Chumash only Yokuts Central Chumash -- could this be from Yokuts %sok, the /soyo/ form??? underived Merriam 55:37 ; JPH III:91:0307 2 1 0 0 0 no
Cocopa Cervas elaphus missing missing missing 2 1 0 0 0 no
Comanche Cervas elaphus parɨa elk inheritance *tɨkɨya Numic Stubbs 625a (2008;121) with pa- “big” as throughout Numic same phrase big deer at least etymologically, this is the REGULAR reflex from “deer”, “deer itself is odd. Robinson & Armagost 1990:162 2 1 0 0 0 no
Cupeño Cervas elaphus missing missing missing 2 1 0 0 0 no
Esselen Cervas elaphus missing missing missing 2 1 0 0 0 no
Gabrielino Cervas elaphus pa$okat paˈşu:kat horse, ciervo inheritance *pa:-suka- Takic S788:139 “elk” WW %sok broader (includes horse) derived pa-ˈşu:ka-t big-deer-npn (surely synchronically noted) -ʔaʧ "pet" possessive classifier for animals Harrington 131. 573 no info 2 Couplet in Luiseno, so probably at Creator's mourning ceremony 1 McC p. 116 no info hunted men roasted 0 0 hides often trade Western North America uplands, not in deserts forest edges, forest no
Iipay 'Aa Cervas elaphus missing missing missing 2 1 0 0 0 no
Kawaiisu Cervas elaphus pa-rɨhɨya elk inheritance *pa- *tɨkɨya “big-deer” Proto-Numic Stubbs 625a (2008:121 (W, S Numic form) same phrase pa-rɨhɨya big-deer Zigmond et al. 2 1 0 0 0 no
Kiliwa Cervas elaphus missing missing missing 2 1 0 0 0 no
Kitanemuk Cervas elaphus pahukaht ˈpahukaht elk inheritance *pa:-suka- Takic S788:139 “elk” WW %sok same derived ˈpa-hukah-t big-deer-npn -ʔacit "pet" possessive classifier for animals Anderton 1988:320 no info 2 1 no info hunted men roasted, boiled 0 0 Western North America uplands, not in deserts forest edges, forest no
Lake Miwok Cervas elaphus táami hulíila moose (Merriam confirms as “elk” 57:513) unique phrase Callaghan 1965 2 1 0 0 0 no
Luiseño Cervas elaphus páa$ukat ʹpa:şukat elk inheritance *pa-suka- Takic S788:139 “elk” WW %sok same derived ʹpa:-şuka-t big-mule.deer-NPN Elliott 1999:671 no info 2 Couplet: 7uuchanat, paa$ukat “elk, elk”; in a Season song “North the uchanut bears young North the elk bears young” (for Nemoyil) (Kroeber 1925:658) 1 vanishingly rare in Lu. territory no info hunted men like deer, presumably 0 0 Western North America, uplands, not in deserts forest edges, forest no
Maidu Cervas elaphus kah'-mum elk (antelope w/ genitive?) unique other complex -m/-im suffix Merriam 57:37 2 1 0 0 0 no
Mojave Cervas elaphus missing missing missing 2 1 0 0 0 no
Mutsun Cervas elaphus te-wo Elk inheritance Costanoan Kroeber 1910 has in Scr, Sc, underived Merriam 55:403 2 1 0 0 0 no
Nisenan Cervas elaphus win elk unique underived Uldall & Shipley 1966 2 1 0 0 0 no
Northern Paiute Cervas elaphus pah'-too he'dah “Water horse” (not here) Elk (Cervus) inheritance *pa:-*tɨkɨya Numic Stubbs 625a (2008:121), all Numic has this phrase on “deer” same phrase big-deer (NOT “water-deer, doggone it) Merriam 61:133 2 1 0 0 0 no
Northern Sierra Miwok Cervas elaphus hak:a:ja- elk inheritance *hak:a:ja- Eastern Miwokan Callaghan 1997:59, may be cognate with Proto-Yokutsan *sohkoy??? in which case Yok-Utian WW %sok other complex -ja Callaghan 1987 2 1 0 0 0 no
Plains Miwok Cervas elaphus hah-ki'-ah elk inheritance *hak:a:ja- Eastern Miwokan Callaghan 1997:59, may be cognate with Proto-Yokutsan *sohkoy??? in which case Yok-Utian WW %sok underived Merriam 57:481 2 1 0 0 0 no
Salinan A Cervas elaphus 7aš elk unique Salinan underived Mason 1918:124; Turner 1980:73 2 1 0 0 0 no
Salinan M Cervas elaphus p'ac elk unique Salinan underived Mason 1918:124 2 1 0 0 0 no
Seri (Comcaac) Cervas elaphus missing missing missing 2 1 0 0 0 no
Serrano Cervas elaphus pa:hukaht elk inheritance *pa:-suka- Takic S788:139 “elk” WW %sok phrase big deer Merriam 60-97 2 1 0 0 0 no
Southern Paiute Cervas elaphus parɨia elk (Cervus elaphus) inheritance *pa-*tɨkɨya Proto-Numic Stubbs 625a (2008:121) same phrase big deer (Sapir says it's “water deer” but pa: here is surely “big”) Sapir 1930:597 2 1 0 0 0 no
Southern Sierra Miwok Cervas elaphus hah'-ki-yah elk inheritance *hak:a:ja- Miwokan Callaghan 1977:59; in Mip; may be cognate wi th Pyokuts *sohkoy ??? WW %sok underived Merriam 57:449 2 1 0 0 0 no
Southern Ute Cervas elaphus paríyĮ elk inheritance *pa-*tɨkɨya Numic Stubbs 625a (2008:121) same phrase big-deer although Givon does not segment Givon 1979 2 1 0 0 0 no
Tübatulabal Cervas elaphus shohkoy ʃohˈgoj elk, wapiti loan Yokuts Proto-NimYokuts *sohkoy (Golla 1964) is originally a borrowing from some UA language, borrowed back into Tubatulabal. Merriam has Tub. pah'-soo-kun, 72-799; 60-481 WW %sok same underived Hill 2010:79 no info 2 1 no info hunted men roasted, diverse uses for skin, horn, etc. 0 0 Western North America uplands, not in deserts forest, forest edges no
Tümpisa Shoshone Cervas elaphus patühüya elk, moose inheritance *pa-*tɨkɨya big-deer Proto-Numic Stubbs 625a (2008:121) unknown Dayley 1989:196 2 1 0 0 0 no
Wappo Cervas elaphus sóT'o:ko elk (CHM confirms 52:565) loan Yokuts Yokutsan *$ohkaj WW %sok underived Sawyer 1965 2 1 0 0 0 no
Washo Cervas elaphus missing missing missing 2 1 0 0 0 no
Western Mono Cervas elaphus soyonO elk loan Yokuts Proto-NimYokuts *sohkoy (Golla 1964:61) WW %sok same underived Bethel et al.:186 no info 2 1 no info hunted men no info 0 0 no
Wintu Cervas elaphus qu:l elk, buffalo (Merriam has with -it') semantic shift *qo(:)la “hide, buckskin Wintun Shepherd 2005:153 underived Pitkin 1985 2 1 0 0 0 no
Yavapai Cervas elaphus missing missing missing 2 1 0 0 0 no
Yokuts Palewyami Cervas elaphus ɂoŋaţ' elk unique unique in Kroeber same underived Gamble 1991 (from Harrington) 2 1 0 0 0 no
Yokuts Yawdanchi Cervas elaphus coxgoi elk inheritance *$ohkoj <$ohkaj Yokutsan Callaghan 1997:59, compare Pmis *hak:a:ja-; Callaghan 2001:325 compares Hill Patwin koko:ja “tule elk” WW %sok same underived Kroeber 1961:200 2 1 0 0 0 no
Yokuts Yowlumne Cervas elaphus soxgoi, sohgoy, šohgoy elk inheritance *$ohkaj Yokutsan Callagan 1997:59, compare Pmis *hak:a:ja-; Callaghan 2001:325 compares Hill Patwin koko:ja “tule elk” WW %sok same underived Kroeber 1961:200 2 1 0 0 0 no
Yuki Cervas elaphus mil'onti:tam LF elk inheritance *milatihtam Yukian Schlichter 1985 phrase, other complex deer-mountain; -am derives nouns Sawyer & Schlichter 1984 2 1 0 0 0 no
Yuma Cervas elaphus missing inheritance missing 2 1 0 0 0 no