flicker
- Semantic Field
- flora-fauna
- Part of Speech
- Meaning Spanish
- Meaning Portuguese
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Languages
| Language | Linnean Name | Orthographic Form | Phonemicized Form | Gloss as in Source | Etymology Code | Proto-Form | Proto-Language | Loan Source | Etymology Notes | Wanderwort Status | Etyma Set | Range of Term | Word Structure | Word Structure Notes | Classifier | Classifier Notes | Hypernym | Source | Association with Social Categories | Ritual/Mythologically Significant | Ritual Notes | Food Source | Food Notes | Medicinal | Medicinal Notes | How Collected | Who Collects | How Prepared | Psychotropic | Psychotropic Notes | Traded | Trade Notes | Distribution | Habitat | Dangerous | Ethnobiology Notes | Species Notes | General Notes |
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Language | Linnean Name | Orthographic Form | Phonemicized Form | Gloss as in Source | Etymology Code | Proto-Form | Proto-Language | Loan Source | Etymology Notes | Wanderwort Status | Etyma Set | Range of Term | Word Structure | Word Structure Notes | Classifier | Classifier Notes | Hypernym | Source | Association with Social Categories | Ritual/Mythologically Significant | Ritual Notes | Food Source | Food Notes | Medicinal | Medicinal Notes | How Collected | Who Collects | How Prepared | Psychotropic | Psychotropic Notes | Traded | Trade Notes | Distribution | Habitat | Dangerous | Ethnobiology Notes | Species Notes | General Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bankalachi Toloim | Colaptes sp. | che-wis'-sah | Flicker | loan | Yokuts | Proto NimYokuts *T'iwisa' (Golla 1964) | same | underived | C. H. Merriam 72-77, 60-455 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Big Smokey Valley Shoshone | Colaptes sp. | un-să ban'-nah (RM 61:41) | Flicker (Colaptes) | inheritance | Central Numic | has the -pana element noted by Troike for this bird; same word recorded by Merriam at Round Mountain for W. Shoshoni | WW | %palaka ~ %pana(k) | same | phrase | ansa pannah red bird? | Merriam 61:73 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Cahuilla | Colaptes sp. | táviš | ˈtaviʃ | big woodpecker | inheritance | *tapi- | Uto-Aztecan | S210, for large bird (Southern reflexes are for “hawk”) (Stubbs 2009:68) | same | other complex | ʹtavi (simplex root) -ʃ non-possessed noun” | -7aʃ “pet” | Possessive classifier -7aʃ | wikikmal | Seiler&Hioki 1979:200 | no info | 2 | Flicker feathers used in dance costumes | 1 | no info | hunted | Men | roasted, stewed, eggs eaten | 0 | 1 | flicker feathers, especially scalp feathers, definitely traded, sometimes as completed headbands, etc. | throughout the Americas | Diverse habitats | no | |||||||||
| Central Sierra Miwok | Colaptes sp. | Tíw:ajy- | flicker | inheritance | *Tiw(:)a- | Utian | Callaghan 1986:62 | other complex | -aj thematic suffix, -y nominalizer | Freeland & Broadbent 1960 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chemehuevi | Colaptes sp. | kwan'-o-wats; kwan'-nah-wantz/wints | kwanáwɂwantsI JPH | Flicker (Colaptes) | unique | kwana “big bird” Southern Numic only, but wantsi appears to be Numic, cf. Stubbs 1041b (2008:167). For “Flicker” also in S. Paiute (same language -- Colorado River Southern Numic dialect continuum) | same | phrase | kwanáwɂ-wantsI big.bird-gray.hair | Merriam 59:527 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chumash Barbareno | Colaptes sp. | syit | red-shafted flicker, 'named for the sound he makes' | unique | Central Chumash only | underived | Beeler 1978:184 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chumash Ineseno | Colaptes sp. | se'-ut; se-yoot' | flicker | unique | Central Chumash only | underived | Merriam 55:9 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chumash Obispeno | Colaptes sp. | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chumash Ventureno | Colaptes sp. | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cocopa | Colaptes sp. | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Comanche | Colaptes sp. | ecahcueré | ekakwɨrɨɨɂ | Red Hammer | unique | All Central Numic has the “red” element, but usually with panna -- i don't know what kwɨrɨɨ? us | same | phrase | eka-kwɨrɨɨ? | Rejon 1995:51 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cupeño | Colaptes sp. | tavish | ˈtaviʃ | red bird with spots on breast | inheritance | *tapi- | Uto-Aztecan | S210, for large bird (Southern reflexes are for “hawk”) (Stubbs 2009:68) | same | other complex | ˈtavi-ʃ | -ʔaʃ "pet" | possessive classifier for animals | mukikmal | Hill & Nolasquez 1973:174 | no info | 2 | cut hair in mourning; ceremonial couplet tavish, puwish (H&N pp. 78,109) | 1 | eggs surely eaten | no info | no info | no info | no info | 0 | 1 | throughout Americas | diverse habitats | no | |||||||||
| Esselen | Colaptes sp. | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gabrielino | Colaptes sp. | ke'-mar” | kiˈma:r (?) | Flicker | inheritance | *kima:- | Takic | Kitanemuk kimachR. See “bat” for cautionary note. | same | other complex | Merriam gives ke-mahr' “zig-zag” McC 252; kiˈma:-r flicker-npn | -ʔaʧ "pet" | possessive classifier for animals | chi:ya | http://www.archive.org/stream/bancroft_chartmerriam_1556_60#page/n415/mode/2up; p. 421 | no info | 2 | one of birds who cut hair in mourning for Wiyot; flicker feathers used in ritual (this is from Boscana; Kroeber says Boscana's material came largely from Gabrielino) | 1 | all birds eaten (McC 116) | no info | hunted | men | roasted | 0 | 1 | it is likely that feathers of this bird were traded | Americas | diverse habitats | no | ||||||||
| Iipay 'Aa | Colaptes sp. | kekhuu | flicker (woodpecker) | unique | Mojave kukho “type of bird”??? | same | underived | Couro & Hutcheson 1973 | 2 | sacred bird (Merriam); feather headbands sacred and also for arrow feathers | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kawaiisu | Colaptes sp. | ko-tse'-ah kuz-ze | Flicker | unique | same | other complex | ko-tse'-ah kuz-ze kotsiakɨ-zi flicker-ABS | Merriam 59:367 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kiliwa | Colaptes sp. | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kitanemuk | Colaptes sp. | kimač | ˈkimaʧr | flicker | inheritance | *kima:- | Takic | Gab. ke'-mar” ; see “bat” for cautionary note | same | other complex | ˈkima-ʧr; flicker-npn; Merriam's ke-mahts “zigzag” is this same word? perh. referring to a design shape? Anderton 1988:353 | -ʔacit "pet" | possessive classifier for animals | wicitat | Anderton 1988:353 | no info | 2 | 1 | no decent info but everybody ate songbirds and eggs | no info | hunted | men | roasted, boiled, eggs eaten | 0 | 1 | Note that this name is not the “traded” woodpecker name in “pala” | Americas | diverse habitats | no | |||||||||
| Lake Miwok | Colaptes sp. | c'ijáak | yellowhammer | loan | Hill Patwin | “probably from Hill Patwin č'i:yak, č'iya:k “yellowhammer”” (1965:286) | underived | Callaghan 1965 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Luiseño | Colaptes sp. | táavish | ʹta:viʃ | flicker bird | inheritance | *tapi- | Uto-Aztecan | S210, for large bird (Southern reflexes are for “hawk”) (Stubbs 2009:68) | same | other complex | ʹta:vi-ʃ | -ʔaʃ "pet" | possessive classifier; NPN form of noun is ʔaʃla | 7ehéngmay | Elliott 1999:896 | no into | 2 | cut their hair in mourning for Wuyot (Harrington 1978:121); ritual couplet is taavish, puypuy (Elliott); flicker feathers made into long bands/banners for decoration at fiestas (Harrington 1978:138) | 1 | surely at least eggs eaten | no info | no info | no info | no info | 0 | 1 | Americas | diverse habitats | no | |||||||||
| Maidu | Colaptes sp. | c'it'út'i | red-shafted flicker (Merriam confirms; also has wul'-lo-luk-ko) | loan | Wintun | Proto-Wintun *č'i ... Shepherd 2005 (W. ch'ilew) | other complex | -i is a stem former | Shipley 1963 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mojave | Colaptes sp. | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mutsun | Colaptes sp. | tre-wah'k | flicker | inheritance | *Tiw(:)a- | Utian | Callaghan 1986:62; Perhaps Yok-Utian Callaghan 1997 | underived | Merriam 55:409 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nisenan | Colaptes sp. | wal-lah-luk, wal'-lal-lok | flicker | unique | reduplicated | Merriam 57:233 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Northern Paiute | Colaptes sp. | atzabanna | woodpecker (M: Flicker (Colaptes) | loan | Western Numic only | Gabrielino | origin unknown; Western Mono yazabana', with the -bana element widely loaned (Troike) | WW | %palaka ~ %pana(k) | same | phrase | red-banna? | Yerington Dictionary (appears only in alphabet examples on first page of front matter!) | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | |||||||||||||||||||
| Northern Sierra Miwok | Colaptes sp. | Tiw:aj-y- | yellowhammer | inheritance | *Tiw(:)a- | Utian | Callaghan 1986:62 | other complex | -aj-y THEME-NOM | Callaghan 1987 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Plains Miwok | Colaptes sp. | tiw:aj | yellowhammer, red-shafted flicker (Colaptes capher) | inheritance | *Tiw(:)a- | Utian | Callaghan 1986:62 | underived | -aj is probably suffix etymologically | Callaghan 1984 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Salinan A | Colaptes sp. | č'am | Flicker | unique | Salinan A only | not in M; | underived | Merriam 55:373; Turner 1980:87 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Salinan M | Colaptes sp. | wut'-tuk | Flicker | unique | Salinan M only | not in A | underived | Merriam 55:373 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Seri (Comcaac) | Colaptes sp. | xeescl | x is /X/ (uvular | yellow-bellied sapsucker (Sphyrapicus varius) and ladder-backed woodpecker, Picoides scalaris | unique | broader (at least 2 genera of woodpecker-like birds) | underived | Comcaac Dictionary 584 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Serrano | Colaptes sp. | kē'-mahtR, ke'-mahts | ki:marT | Flicker | inheritance | *kima:- | Takic | Gab. ke'mar”; a bit cautionary on “takic” since much Serrano/Gabrielino bilingualism along a long frontier | other complex | -t NPN | Merriam 72-27, 60-101 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Southern Paiute | Colaptes sp. | qwa:nangwantsI | Flicker (Colaptes sp.) | inheritance | Sapir has only in compound with angqa- “red” for “robin”, but the uncompounded form is definitely Merriam's word; same as Chem kwanaw'wantsI “flicker”; Colorado River S. Numic dialect-continuum word. | same | other complex | has -tsi ABS; qwa:na-”eagle” -ngwa-owner?-ntsI ABS (Sapir's ngwa not indicated with nasalizing transition) | Merriam 59:463 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Southern Sierra Miwok | Colaptes sp. | tiw:-aj- | yellowhammer, red-shafted flicker | inheritance | *Tiw(:)a- | Utian | Callaghan 1986:62 | other complex | -aj- theme | Broadbent 1964: | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Southern Ute | Colaptes sp. | ?aká-qoná-vI | woodpecker | unique | same | phrase | ?aka “red” qona < qwana big.bird-vi ABS | Givon 1979 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tübatulabal | Colaptes sp. | chēwl | ˈʧe:wl | a kind of red bird | loan | Southern Sierra Miwok | SSM tiwaj (and note PnimYokuts *T'iwisa7 “yellowhammer” (Golla 1964:66, so form is Yok-Utian) | same | other complex | ˈʧe:w-l flicker-npn | chikkīt | Hill 2010:15 | no info | 2 | feathers in headbands, etc. for rituals | 1 | no info | hunted | men | roasted on coals, bones ground (some consultants denied Tub. ate eggs before Whites) | 0 | 1 | feathers traded in ritual regalia | Americas | Diverse habitats | no | ||||||||||||
| Tümpisa Shoshone | Colaptes sp. | antsaapana(ppüh) | flicker | loan | Central Numic only | Gabrielino | Loan into Proto-Central Numic; has the -pana element noted by Troike for this bird; same word recorded by Merriam at Round Mountain in W. Shoshoni | same | other complex | this has to be a compound, but antsaa- is unanalyzable | ppüh | Dayley 1989:7 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Wappo | Colaptes sp. | c'ú:y | flicker, yellowhammer (CHM confirms 52:569) | unique | Note Wintu *č'ilew, Utian *Tiw(:)a. Probably areally linked to Utian form. | underived | Sawyer 1965 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Washo | Colaptes sp. | gušú:t'i7 | Flicker (matches one of CHM's words) | unique | underived | Merriam 55:303; WPD | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Western Mono | Colaptes sp. | yazabana' | flicker (bird) | inheritance | Western Numic only | Northern Paiute atzabanna. This has the -banna element that is widely loaned for “woodpecker” | WW | %palaka ~ %pana(k) | same | underived | contains -pana, widespread woodpecker word. In N. Paiute adzabanna it's probably “red-banna”, but not here. | tsiipa “bird” | Bethel et al.:300 | no info | 2 | no mention, but flicker nearly always shamanically powerful feathers | 1 | old people ate (Gayton 2:223) | no info | hunted | men | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||
| Wintu | Colaptes sp. | č'ilew | yellowhammer (CHM confirms) | inheritance | *či- | Wintun | Shepherd 2005; some forms changed on analogy with “old man” preventing full reconstruction | underived | č'il... 1 | Pitkin 1985 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yavapai | Colaptes sp. | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yokuts Palewyami | Colaptes sp. | te-wis'-se | flicker | inheritance | *T'iwis(a) | Yokutsan | Callaghan 1937:38, compare PU *Tiw(:)a... | same | underived | Merriam 58:521 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yokuts Yawdanchi | Colaptes sp. | T'íwica | yellowhammer (Merriam confirms 58:363) | inheritance | *T'iwis(a) | Yokutsan | Callaghan 1937:38, compare PU *tiw(:)a | same | underived | Kroeber 1961:203 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yokuts Yowlumne | Colaptes sp. | Tiwica, T'iwissa' | yellowhammer (Merriam confirms) | inheritance | *T'iwis(a) | Yokutsan | Callaghan 1997:38, compare PU *Tiw(:)a | same | underived | Kroeber 1961:203 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yuki | Colaptes sp. | woi'-mo, woi-muh MWO, woi>mol B, wâ/-i-mol Cs | flicker, yellowhammer | inheritance | *moymol' | Yukian | Schlichter 1985 | relative clause | -mol "agentive" | Sawyer & Schlichter 1984 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yuma | Colaptes sp. | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no |
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