mussel
- Semantic Field
- flora-fauna
- Part of Speech
- Meaning Spanish
- Meaning Portuguese
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Languages
| Language | Linnean Name | Orthographic Form | Phonemicized Form | Gloss as in Source | Etymology Code | Proto-Form | Proto-Language | Loan Source | Etymology Notes | Wanderwort Status | Etyma Set | Range of Term | Word Structure | Word Structure Notes | Classifier | Classifier Notes | Hypernym | Source | Association with Social Categories | Ritual/Mythologically Significant | Ritual Notes | Food Source | Food Notes | Medicinal | Medicinal Notes | How Collected | Who Collects | How Prepared | Psychotropic | Psychotropic Notes | Traded | Trade Notes | Distribution | Habitat | Dangerous | Ethnobiology Notes | Species Notes | General Notes |
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Language | Linnean Name | Orthographic Form | Phonemicized Form | Gloss as in Source | Etymology Code | Proto-Form | Proto-Language | Loan Source | Etymology Notes | Wanderwort Status | Etyma Set | Range of Term | Word Structure | Word Structure Notes | Classifier | Classifier Notes | Hypernym | Source | Association with Social Categories | Ritual/Mythologically Significant | Ritual Notes | Food Source | Food Notes | Medicinal | Medicinal Notes | How Collected | Who Collects | How Prepared | Psychotropic | Psychotropic Notes | Traded | Trade Notes | Distribution | Habitat | Dangerous | Ethnobiology Notes | Species Notes | General Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bankalachi Toloim | Mytilus spp. | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Big Smokey Valley Shoshone | Mytilus spp. | missing | inheritance | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cahuilla | Mytilus spp. | missing | missing | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Central Sierra Miwok | Mytilus spp. | so-paw'-noi-yu | mussels (fresh water, big kind, good) | unique | Cognate in Miss | compound | Merriam 57:463 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chemehuevi | Mytilus spp. | pú·taratsI | oyster, such as used to be in the river down by Blythe | unique | pu:- probably from *powa (see Mono “olivella” powa); taraci <*ta-ta-ci | narrower (probably a fresh-water mussel only) | other complex | has -ci ABS, stem probably complex | Harrington Chemehuevi Noun List | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chumash Barbareno | Mytilus spp. | t'o (Mary Yee in Ono); kiw | mussel (O), mussels sp. (Beeler | unique | Also in Ventureno | underived | Ono p. 30, B eeler 1978:177 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chumash Ineseno | Mytilus spp. | t'i-yah | mussels (fresh water) | inheritance | Central Chumash only | Central Chumash | underived | Merriam 55:17 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chumash Obispeno | Mytilus spp. | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chumash Ventureno | Mytilus spp. | ttoho; qep JPH; t'o | mussels | inheritance | Also in Barbareno | underived | Heizer/Pinart I:60 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cocopa | Mytilus spp. | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Comanche | Mytilus spp. | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cupeño | Mytilus spp. | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Esselen | Mytilus spp. | hakala, ha-lak-la | mussel | unique | Esselen | notes Plains Miwak 'atkal, Mutsun xakaw | other complex | -la classifier suffix | -la | Shaul 1988;695; Turner 1983:237 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gabrielino | Mytilus spp. | a-chin-ka-hi | ʔaʔaʧi-n kaxa:y (?) | sea museles (sic) | unique | Note Mojave 'achiily 'olivella' | no info | phrase | ʔa-ʔaʧi-n kaxa:y his-pet-possessed ?-npn (see xaxa:-mo-nga “Rancho de los Verdugos”) -- I think this is inland, in Glendale area, though | -hi:n | classifier for worthwhile possessions | Taylor in McC 273 | no info | 2 | 1 | no info | gathered (wild) | all | meat cooked, shells saved for containers, ornament | 0 | 1 | traded inland for spoons | West coast of North America | cold coastal waters | no | |||||||||||||
| Iipay 'Aa | Mytilus spp. | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kawaiisu | Mytilus spp. | sɨɁnoho | mussel | unique | -noho is "egg" from Stubbs 779 (2008:138) | same | phrase | sɨɁ-noho flower?pink?-egg | Zigmond et al. | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kiliwa | Mytilus spp. | m+la?, mla? | unique | broader (bivalve shells?) | other complex | m-la? archaic.adjectival.prefix-? (la? only in this word) | Mixco 1985 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kitanemuk | Mytilus spp. | kukunitɨ | ˈkukunitɨ | mussel sp. and name for beads made from it | unique | note Southern Chumash kiw “mussel” | broader (includes the animal, the shell, and the beads) | underived | kukunitɨ does have reduplicated first syllable | -niw "possession, belongings" | possessive classifier for things | Anderton 1988:367 | no info | 2 | shell beads used as offerings (also money) | 1 | no info | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0 | 1 | obtained from Chumash | West coast of North America | cold coastal waters | no | ||||||||||||
| Lake Miwok | Mytilus spp. | c' áa | type of shellfish, oyster? Merriam kah'-e 57:529) | unique | underived | Callaghan 1965 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Luiseño | Mytilus spp. | wáaxal | ʹwa:xal | Harrington: Large species of mussel | unique | narrower (a particular species of mussell) | other complex | ʹwa:xa-l mussel.sp-non.possessed.noun | no info | Elliott 1999: 1020 | no info | 2 | 1 | principal food for people living on coast (Sparkman 1908:198) | no info | gathered (wild) | all | no info | 0 | 1 | shells traded inland as spoons; Lu. must have done this. Mussel nacre reported at Lake Elsinore (Grenda 1997:163) | Pacific Coast of North America | cold coastal waters | no | ||||||||||||||
| Maidu | Mytilus spp. | ko-do'-ko-ki | freshwater mussels | unique | reduplicated | head-grasp (I suspect is same word as “clam”) | Merriam 57:37 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mojave | Mytilus spp. | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mutsun | Mytilus spp. | xakua, xaakan | mussel; Merriam confirms hah-kow (“black mussel of ocean JPH); shaul 1986:695 has xakaw Merriam 55:417 | inheritance | Southern Costanoan only | In Pinart only in Co IV | underived | Mason 1916:428 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nisenan | Mytilus spp. | ah-nah | mussel (fresh water) | unique | underived | Merriam 57:243 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Northern Paiute | Mytilus spp. | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Northern Sierra Miwok | Mytilus spp. | 7atkal-y- | fresh water clams (CHM fresh-water mussels) | inheritance | Eastern Miwokan | In Mip | other complex | -y nominalizer | Callaghan 1987 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Plains Miwok | Mytilus spp. | mul7u:sa-, mulu:sa-, 7atkal | oyster | unique | underived | Callaghan 1984 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Salinan A | Mytilus spp. | hayék7 | mussel | unique | Salinan | underived | Mason 1918:126; Turner 1980:58 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Salinan M | Mytilus spp. | xaiík | mussel | unique | Salinan | underived | Mason 1918:126 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Seri (Comcaac) | Mytilus spp. | satoj | mussel (especially Modiolus capax) | unique | narrower (mainly one species of Mytelidae) | underived | Comcaac Dictionary 555 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Serrano | Mytilus spp. | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Southern Paiute | Mytilus spp. | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Southern Sierra Miwok | Mytilus spp. | hopon:-aj- | mussel | unique | cognate in Mics | other complex | -aj theme | Broadbent 1964: | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Southern Ute | Mytilus spp. | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tübatulabal | Mytilus spp. | chono, sho'ono p. 78 | ʧoˈno | (freshwater) mussel, freshwater clam | unique | narrower (freshwater mussel; I don't know if it includes imported “spoon” shells) | underived | Hill 2010:17 | no info | 2 | 1 | “obtained near Kernville” (Voegelin 1938:11) | no info | gathered (wild) | no info | no info | 0 | 1 | West coast North America | cold coastal waters | no | |||||||||||||||||
| Tümpisa Shoshone | Mytilus spp. | kwiyoto, koyoto | mussel, clam, seashell | inheritance | *koyo | Proto-Uto-Aztecan | Stubbs 1905 has only as SUA (2008:267); and note Chumash q'oy “olivella” | broader (bivalve shells and turtle shells?) | underived | but what is -to? | Dayley 1989:87 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Wappo | Mytilus spp. | kúčiš | mussel | unique | underived | Sawyer 1965 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Washo | Mytilus spp. | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Western Mono | Mytilus spp. | wŭg-gup'-pe | Fresh water mussels | loan | Yokuts | Note Chukchansk ō>k “fresh-water mussels” (with a classifier) | narrower ( only fresh-water variety) | underived | -pi | Merriam 59:81 | no info | 2 | 1 | no info | gathered | all | no info | 0 | 1 | salt water mussel shells used as spoons and traded; no word found | no | |||||||||||||||||
| Wintu | Mytilus spp. | L'al | mussels | inheritance | *L'al | Wintun | Shepherd 2005 | underived | Schlichter 1981 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yavapai | Mytilus spp. | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yokuts Palewyami | Mytilus spp. | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yokuts Yawdanchi | Mytilus spp. | kŭ'-pitch | fresh water mussels (Wik) | unique | same | other complex | probably has the -itch' agentibve suffix | Merriam 58:371 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yokuts Yowlumne | Mytilus spp. | tah'-sip | fresh-water mussels | unique | Merriam has several forms but they are all different | narrower (perhaps fresh-water only) | underived | Merriam 58:561 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yuki | Mytilus spp. | nawk> MW, naNk-cil B | mussels | inheritance | *nok' | Yukian | Schlichter 1985 | underived | Sawyer & Schlichter 1984 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yuma | Mytilus spp. | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | no |
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