Bankalachi Toloim |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
kaiyattsih, kayattsih |
|
pine jay (M: Pinyon jay (Cyanocephalus) |
loan into protolanguage |
|
Central Numic |
unknown |
In Tumpisa Shoshone for Aphelocoma “scrub jay” |
WW |
%kaj |
same |
other complex |
has -tsi ABS |
|
|
|
Crum & Dayley 1993:268 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
Cahuilla |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
káyval |
ˈkajval |
bluejay with a crest |
loan |
|
|
Yokuts? (by way of Serrano?) |
Only in Cupeño, Cahuilla; Similar forms in Gab., Kit.: Kitanemuk ˈhajhaʔj, no Serrano form found. Proto-NimYokuts *xay “Crested Jay” (Golla 1964:61); Southern Sierra Miwok kayka'jahnt, so Yok-Utian word, perhaps. |
WW |
%kaj |
same |
other complex |
ʹkajva-l (perhaps kaj-va “swing-er, dangl-er” but not so given by S&H 1977 |
-7aʃ “pet” |
Possessive classifier -7aʃ |
wikikmal |
Seiler&Hioki 1979:140 |
no info |
2 |
|
1 |
Birds' caches owned if in individually owned trees (see California Jay) |
no info |
|
hunted |
All |
roasted, stewed, eggs eaten |
0 |
|
0 |
|
Western North America |
Foothills where pinyon groves occur |
no |
|
|
|
Central Sierra Miwok |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
čóp:ata- |
|
crested bluejay |
unique |
|
|
|
Note Mins copuk:aTi- |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
Freeland & Broadbent 1960 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
Chemehuevi |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
tsi-yahk |
|
Pinyon jay (Cyanocephalus) |
loan into protolanguage |
*ca'i |
Proto-Northern Uto-Aztecan |
unknown |
S209, Central Numic, Tubatulabal, Takic, always “blue jay” (Stubbs 2009:68). Note similar words in Yokutsan. |
WW |
%chaj |
same |
phrase |
etymologically complex; ca'i -jagA jay-cry (not a finite clause, verb need more stuff on it for that) |
|
|
|
Merriam 59:527 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
Chumash Barbareno |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
xay'xay' |
|
(western belted) kingfisher |
loan |
|
Central Chumash only |
unknown |
same as Crested Jay word in Yokuts?? Loan into central Chumash at least (Pinart recorded for Ineseno) |
WW |
%kaj |
|
reduplicated |
|
|
|
|
Beeler 1978:189 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
Chumash Ineseno |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
kăo-kăo (Pinart has xaixai “pajaro azul”) |
|
crested jay (Cyanocitta) |
loan |
|
|
unknown |
|
WW |
%kaj |
|
reduplicated |
|
|
|
|
Merriam 55:9 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
Chumash Obispeno |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
Chumash Ventureno |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
Cocopa |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
Comanche |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
Cupeño |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
kayvel |
ˈkajval |
Crested Jay |
loan |
|
|
Yokuts (perhaps from Serrano as intermediary) |
This form is Ca-Cup. Similar forms in Gab., Kit.: Kitanemuk ˈhajhaʔj; Proto-NimYokuts *xay “Crested Jay” (Golla 1964:61); Southern Sierra Miwok kayka'jahnt, so Yok-Utian word, perhaps. |
WW |
%kaj |
same |
derived |
kaj-va-l hang-agent-npn (maybe) |
-ʔaʃ "pet" |
possessive classifier for animals |
mukikmal |
http://www.archive.org/stream/bancroft_chartmerriam_1556_60#page/n251/mode/2up, p. 259 |
no info |
2 |
one of the birds that cut hair in mourning for creator |
1 |
eggs surely eaten, acorn caches used |
no info |
|
no info |
no info |
no info |
0 |
|
0 |
|
western North America |
Foothills where pinyon groves occur |
no |
|
|
|
Esselen |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
Gabrielino |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
hi'-ing' che-ū 60-421 |
ˈhajŋa ˈʧi:ja (?) |
Pinyon Jay |
loan |
|
|
Serrano or Kitanemuk |
ultimately Yokutsan but immediately Serran, cf. Kitanemuk hayha'y “crested jay”; Merriam has hi'-hi for Bankalachi (where all the other names are Yokuts); *kayve- in Cupeño, Cahuilla; Proto-NimYokuts *xay “Crested Jay” (Golla 1964:61); Southern Sierra |
WW |
%kaj |
same |
phrase |
ˈhaj-ŋa ˈʧi:ja edge-on bird |
-ʔaʧ "pet" |
possessive classifier for animals |
chi:ya |
http://www.archive.org/stream/bancroft_chartmerriam_1556_60#page/n415/mode/2up; p. 421 |
no info |
2 |
considered deer's helper, warns of hunters (Harrington in Elliott) |
1 |
all birds eaten (McC 116) |
no info |
|
hunted |
men |
roasted |
0 |
|
0 |
|
Western North America |
Foothills where pinyon groves occur |
no |
|
|
|
Iipay 'Aa |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
oo-solCH Mesa Grande; Campo has e-shum-mah-tah-ahs “Pinyon Jay” M 55:269 |
|
Crested jay (Cyanocitta) |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
same |
underived |
|
|
|
|
Merriam 55:205 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
Kawaiisu |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
čoɁiki-ži |
|
pinyon jay |
inheritance |
|
Southern Numic |
|
co'ingki “bluejay, Arizona jay (longtailed and uncrested) Southern Paiute (from the ca'i word??) |
|
|
same |
other complex |
Ɂɨɨnɨ-zi pinyon.jay-ABS |
|
|
|
Zigmond et al. |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
Kiliwa |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
kw+khwaa |
|
Pinyon jay |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
same |
relative clause |
kw- a relativizing prefix; khwaa only in this form |
|
|
|
Mixco 1985 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
Kitanemuk |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
hayhaʔy |
ˈhajhaʔj |
bird sp: bluish, similar to caycaʔy but with crest |
loan |
|
|
Yokuts |
*kayve- in Cupeño, Cahuilla; haynga chiya in Gab; Proto-NimYokuts *xay “Crested Jay” (Golla 1964:61); Southern Sierra Miwok kayka'jahnt, so Yok-Utian word, perhaps. |
WW |
%kaj |
same |
reduplicated |
|
-ʔacit "pet" |
possessive classifier for animals |
wicitat |
Anderton 1988:305 |
no info |
2 |
|
1 |
no decent info but everybody ate songbirds and eggs |
no info |
|
hunted |
men |
roasted, boiled, eggs eaten |
0 |
|
0 |
|
Western North America |
Foothills where pinyon groves occur |
no |
|
|
|
Lake Miwok |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
wéşweş |
|
bluebird, crested |
loan |
|
|
Hill Patwin |
“probaby from Hill Patwin wê·swès “crested bluejay'” (1965:205) |
|
|
|
reduplicated |
|
|
|
|
Callaghan 1965 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
Luiseño |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
cháa'ish |
ʹtʃa:Ɂiʃ |
blue jay; Bright: crested blue jay |
loan into protolanguage |
*cha7i- |
Northern Uto-Aztecan |
unknown |
S209, Central Numic, Tubatulabal, Takic, always “blue jay” (Stubbs 2009:68) |
WW |
%chaj |
same |
other complex |
ʹtʃa:Ɂi-ʃ jay-non.possessed.noun |
-ʔaʃ "pet" |
possessive classifier; NPN form of noun is ʔaʃla |
7ehéngmay |
Elliott 1999:232 |
A family name (Elliott) |
2 |
considered deer's helper, warns of hunters (Harrington in Elliott) |
1 |
at least eggs must have been eaten |
no info |
|
no info |
no info |
no info |
0 |
|
0 |
|
Western North America |
Foothills where pinyon groves occur |
no |
|
|
|
Maidu |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
i-yak |
|
pinyon jay (Cyanocephalus) |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
Not in Shipley; presumably 7ajak or 7ajak' but many possibilities |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
Mojave |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
Mutsun |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
ki-ki |
|
Crested jay (Cyanocitta) |
loan |
|
Utian |
unknown |
Eastern Miwokan kajkaj -- but widespread loaning possible |
WW |
%kaj |
|
reduplicated |
|
|
|
|
Merriam 55:409 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
Nisenan |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
chahp-chahp |
c'a |
crested jay, cyanocitta |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
reduplicated |
|
|
|
|
Uldall & Shipley 1966 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
Northern Paiute |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
aanga |
|
pinenut bird (M: Pinyon jay (Cyanocephalus) |
inheritance |
|
Numic |
|
Colorado River Southern Numic in Stubbs 220 (2008:69), but this form elevates it to Numic. Perhaps ultimately a loan from somewhere. |
|
|
|
unknown |
|
|
|
|
Merriam 61:139 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
Northern Sierra Miwok |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
kajka7ja- |
|
crested jay (as per Merriam) |
loan into protolanguage |
|
Eastern Miwokan |
unknown |
In Mip |
WW |
%kaj |
|
reduplicated |
|
|
|
|
Callaghan 1987 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
Plains Miwok |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
kajkaj7aja- |
|
mountain bluebird (has tassel) |
loan into protolanguage |
|
Eastern Miwokan |
unknown |
In Miss, Mins |
WW |
%kaj |
|
reduplicated |
|
|
|
|
Callaghan 1984 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
Salinan A |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
chă-lā-o |
|
Crested Jay (Cyanocitta) |
unique |
|
Salinan |
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
falls within stem shapes noted by Turner 1987, but perhaps complex |
|
|
|
Merriam 55:371 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
Salinan M |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
chă-lā'-o |
|
Crested Jay (Cyanocitta) |
unique |
|
Salinan |
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
Merriam 55:371 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
Seri (Comcaac) |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
zaah aquéemot |
/qu/ as in Spanish |
Stellar's Jay |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
same |
other complex |
sun brother.in.law |
|
|
|
Comcaac Dictionary 611 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
Serrano |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
too'-bah ahts |
tyvah a7a:c |
“pinyon jay” (once a person) |
unique |
|
|
|
This is a neologism/loan-translation |
|
|
|
phrase |
pinyon crow |
|
|
|
M 72-27 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
Southern Paiute |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
a·ŋA |
|
Pinyon jay (Cyanocitta stelleri?) |
inheritance |
|
Proto-Numic |
|
Colorado River Southern Numic; Stubbs 220 (2008:69), but also Yerington anga “Pinyon Jay”! Add to Stubbs. |
|
|
same |
underived |
|
|
|
|
Sapir 1930:548 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
Southern Sierra Miwok |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
kajka7-jaH- |
|
Steller's bluejay |
loan into protolanguage |
|
Eastern Miwokan |
unknown |
In Mip; Proto-Yokutsan *xay |
WW |
%kaj |
|
other complex |
-jaH theme |
|
|
|
Broadbent 1964: |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
Southern Ute |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
sagwá-mogóy?a-cI |
|
bluejay |
unique |
|
|
|
Southern Paiute also has expressions for bluejays as “blue-capped people” |
|
|
same |
phrase |
blue-blanket-ABS |
|
|
|
Givon 1979 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
Tübatulabal |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
ah'-ahlCH |
ʔaˈʔahl (?) |
Pinyon Jay |
unique |
|
|
|
This may be a mistake. It looks like verbs for “talk” and is closer to common words for “crow” |
|
|
same |
other complex |
ʔaˈʔah-l jay.sp-npn (talker??) |
|
|
chikkīt |
http://www.archive.org/stream/bancroft_chartmerriam_1556_60#page/n479/mode/2up; p. 489 |
no info |
2 |
|
1 |
|
no info |
|
hunted |
men |
roasted on coals, bones ground (some consultants denied Tub. ate eggs before Whites) |
0 |
|
0 |
|
Western North America |
Foothills where pinyon groves occur |
no |
|
|
|
Tümpisa Shoshone |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
tsaippittsi |
|
pinyon jay |
loan into protolanguage |
*ca'i |
Proto-Northern Uto-Aztecan |
unknown |
Stubbs 209 (2008:68); I think this is an arealism; it's in Yokutsan |
WW |
%chaj |
same |
other complex |
tsai-ppi-ttsi flicker-CL-DIM |
ppi |
|
|
Dayley 1989:339 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
Wappo |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
kah'-chah |
|
crested jay (Cyanocitta) |
unique |
|
|
|
usually something like /kay/, so not obviously areal |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
Merriam 52:569) |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
Washo |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
c'ášiw |
|
Pinyon jay (Cyanocephalus); pine-nut bird WPD |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
Merriam 55:303; WPD |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
Western Mono |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
tsohoqotsopai'nu', tso'noqai'nu' (etc.) |
|
Mountain blue jay (local name) (probably the Steller's jay, Cyanocitta stelleri) |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
same |
other complex |
tsoho-qo-tsopai'nu'; hyphens are where elements can be missing; also tsoqai'nu is sequence in some forms |
|
|
tsiipa “bird” |
Bethel et al.:260 |
no info |
2 |
|
1 |
old people ate (Gayton 2:223) |
no info |
|
hunted |
men |
no info |
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
Wintu |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
woč'ot |
|
Stellar's Jay (CHM confirms Cyanocitta 56:7) |
inheritance |
*woč- |
Wintun |
|
Shepherd 2005 |
|
|
|
other complex |
woč.., opknot of bird. A harmonizing vowel and -t derive many, many nouns from roots that sometimes appear nowhere else |
|
|
|
Schlichter 1981 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
Yavapai |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
čàsčā·sa |
|
pinyon jay, blue jay |
unique |
|
|
|
Note 'Iipay Aa kulashaash “bluejay” |
|
|
|
unknown |
|
|
|
|
Shaterian 1983 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
Yokuts Palewyami |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
hi-hi'-wil-let' |
|
crested jay |
loan into protolanguage |
*xay- |
Yokutsan |
unknown |
Golla 1964:63; probably a loan at some point, word is widespread |
WW |
%kaj |
same |
other complex |
the -wilet suffix is repeated in the Pal. data on other sound-imitative forms, may mean “says” (wi may be the -wiyi “goes.like” suffix discussed by Newman 1944 |
|
|
|
Merriam 58:521 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
Yokuts Yawdanchi |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
xaixai |
|
crested jay (Merriam confirms Cyanocitta) |
loan into protolanguage |
*xay- |
Yokutsan |
unknown |
Golla 1964:63 |
WW |
%kaj |
same |
reduplicated |
|
|
|
|
Kroeber 1907:242 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
Yokuts Yowlumne |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
xayxa:y |
|
crested jay |
loan into protolanguage |
*xay- |
Yokutsan |
unknown |
Golla 1964:63; probably a loan at some point, word is widespread |
WW |
%kaj |
same |
reduplicated |
|
|
|
|
Newman 1944:36 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
Yuki |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
chi'-han-haht' MWO |
|
crested jay, Cyanocitta |
loan |
*č'ə7əy |
Yukian |
unknown |
Schlichter 1985; areal; I assume root here is same as in (4) |
WW |
%chaj |
|
phrase |
ch'ay X? (see han in “crow”) |
|
|
|
Sawyer & Schlichter 1984 |
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
Yuma |
Cyanocitta stelleri? |
missing |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|