Hunter-Gatherer Language Database

poison oak

Semantic Field: flora-fauna
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
Meaning Portuguese

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Language	Linnean Name	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Etymology Notes	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Range of Term	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	Classifier	Classifier Notes	Hypernym	Source	Association with Social Categories	Ritual/Mythologically Significant	Ritual Notes	Food Source	Food Notes	Medicinal	Medicinal Notes	How Collected	Who Collects	How Prepared	Psychotropic	Psychotropic Notes	Traded	Trade Notes	Distribution	Habitat	Dangerous	Ethnobiology Notes	Species Notes	General Notes

Language	Linnean Name	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Etymology Notes	Range of Term	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	Classifier	Classifier Notes	Source	Association with Social Categories	Ritual/Mythologically Significant	Food Source	Medicinal	Medicinal Notes	How Collected	Who Collects	How Prepared	Distribution	Habitat	Dangerous
Bankalachi Toloim	Toxicodendron diversilobum	che'-wik		Poison Oak (Toxicodendron diversilobum)	unique						unknown				C. H. Merriam 72-79, 60-471		2	2	2							yes
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone	Toxicodendron diversilobum	nat'-soo ō>k ?		Poison oak	loan			English	nahtasu “medicine, poison”, pls ok from 'oak'	same	phrase	poison oak			Merriam 61:89		2	2	2							yes
Cahuilla	Toxicodendron diversilobum	ā'-yah-lem	ˈʔijal (note Luiseño 7iyaala (Elliott 1999:1628)	Poison oak, Toxicodendron diversiloba	inheritance	*ʔɨjaa-la	Californian		S1506 (Stubbs 2009:224) Huasteca Nahuatl iyatl “tobacco”is ridiculous. Kitanemuk ʔɨycič, Gab. o:ar attest to first vowel. Note Chumash V. yasis	same	other complex	ˈʔija-l	-m-exan-7a "inanimate"	-m-exan7a inanimate (but who would want to own it??)	http://www.archive.org/stream/bancroft_chartmerriam_1556_60#page/n155/mode/2up; p. 181	no info	2	2	1	Bean and Saubel 1972:132 cite a source that says tea from dried roots could be taken in small quantities for immunity from poison oak; their consultants couldn't confirm this	gathered (wild)	women	roots made into tea, maybe	Pacific coast Canada to Baja California	Likes damp, shady areas, chaparral	yes
Central Sierra Miwok	Toxicodendron diversilobum	nŭ'-kŭ-soo		poison oak	inheritance	*nykys	Utian		Callaghan 1986:57		other complex	-y nominalizer			Merriam 57:471		2	2	2							yes
Chemehuevi	Toxicodendron diversilobum	missing			missing						missing						2	2	2							yes
Chumash Barbareno	Toxicodendron diversilobum	yasis		Toxicodendron diversilobum, poison oak	unique		Central Chumash only				underived				Timbrook 2007:214		2	2	2							yes
Chumash Ineseno	Toxicodendron diversilobum	yasis		Toxicodendron diversilobum, poison oak	inheritance		Central Chumash only		Central Chumash		underived				Timbrook 2007:214		2	2	2							yes
Chumash Obispeno	Toxicodendron diversilobum	t-wala		Poison-oak, Toxicodendron diversilobum	unique						other complex	t-			Timbrook 2007:214		2	2	2							yes
Chumash Ventureno	Toxicodendron diversilobum	yasis		Toxicodendron diversilobum, poison oak	inheritance		Central Chumash only		Central Chumash		underived				Timbrook 2007:214		2	2	2							yes
Cocopa	Toxicodendron diversilobum	missing			missing						missing						2	2	2							yes
Comanche	Toxicodendron diversilobum	puhi ta?ara?		poison ivy	unique					same	phrase	leaf poison			Robinson & Armagost 1990:161		2	2	2							yes
Cupeño	Toxicodendron diversilobum	eyal	ʔəˈjal	poison oak, Rhus diversiloba	inheritance	*ʔɨjaa-la	Californian		S1506 (Stubbs 2009:224) Huasteca Nahuatl iyatl “tobacco”is ridiculous. Kitanemuk ʔɨycič, Gab. oa:r attest to first vowel.	same	other complex	ʔəˈja-l poison.oak-npn			Hill & Nolasquez 1973:154	eyal-mu “to speak Iipay 'Aa”	2	2	no info		N/A	N/A	N/A	Pacific coast Canada to Baja California	Likes damp, shady areas, chaparral	yes
Esselen	Toxicodendron diversilobum	missing			missing						missing						2	2	2							yes
Gabrielino	Toxicodendron diversilobum	o-ar” maybe ya:r (Kit. yachr)	ʔoa:r	Poison Oak	inheritance	*ʔɨjaa-	Californian		S1506 (Stubbs 2009:224) Huasteca Nahuatl iyatl “tobacco”is ridiculous. Kitanemuk ʔɨycič should be in. First vowel is central, Gab. attests.. ya:r may be blend with Chumash yasis??	same	other complex	ʔoa:-r poison.oak-npn			http://www.archive.org/stream/bancroft_chartmerriam_1556_60#page/n415/mode/2up; p. 437	no info (Los Angeles, ya:nga, is probably poison-oak-at)	2	2	no info		N/A	N/A	N/A	Pacific coast Canada to Baja California	Likes damp, shady areas, chaparral	yes
Iipay 'Aa	Toxicodendron diversilobum	kuupaay		poison oak	unique					same	underived				Couro & Hutcheson 1973		2	2	2	Liquid as eyewash, old Kumeyaay said to be immune to this plant (http://www.powayusd.com/projects/kumeyaay/Ethnobotany.htm)						yes
Kawaiisu	Toxicodendron diversilobum	yuwaatɨbɨ		Toxicodendron diversilobum	unique					same	other complex	yuwaatɨ “nothing, no”-bɨ ABS	bɨ, pɨ	bɨ, pɨ seem to classify for plants, trees	1981 Zigmond		2	2	2							yes
Kiliwa	Toxicodendron diversilobum	smiil=pa-kw-mat		poison ivy	unique					same	relative clause	plant-plural.object-REL-?			Mixco 1985		2	2	2							yes
Kitanemuk	Toxicodendron diversilobum	ʔɨycič	ˈʔɨjʦiʧ	poison oak	inheritance	*ʔɨjaa-	Californian		S1506 (Stubbs 2009:224) Huasteca Nahuatl iyatl “tobacco”is ridiculous. Kitanemuk ʔɨycič should be in. First vowel is central, Gab. attests.	same	other complex	ˈʔɨjʦi-ʧ poison.oak-npn; root must have some derivation historically; looks like a diminutive	-niw	possessive classifier for things	Anderton 1988:337	no info	2	2	no info		N/A	N/A	N/A	Pacific coast Canada to Baja California	Likes damp, shady areas, chaparral	yes
Lake Miwok	Toxicodendron diversilobum	7íttum		poison oak	inheritance		Pmiw only		Bodega Dic ; note Wappo k'icu:ma “poison oak”; what is status of k'?		underived				Callaghan 1965		2	2	2							yes
Luiseño	Toxicodendron diversilobum	7iyáala	Ɂiʹja:la	poison oak	inheritance	*ʔɨjaa-la	Californian		S1506 (Stubbs 2009:224) Huasteca Nahuatl iyatl “tobacco”is ridiculous. Kitanemuk ʔɨycič, Gab. oa:r attest to first vowel. Note Chumashan yasis	same	other complex	Ɂiʹja:-la poison.oak-non.possessed.noun			Elliott 1999:197	Clan name at Aguanga (Strong 1929:276)	2	2	no info		N/A	N/A	N/A	Pacific coast Canada to Baja California	Likes damp, shady areas, chaparral	yes
Maidu	Toxicodendron diversilobum	c'it'ók'o		small kind of poison oak ( CHM has)	inheritance	*c'itók'	Maiduan		Ultan 1964:362 # 32		other complex	-o is stem former			Shipley 1963		2	2	2							yes
Mojave	Toxicodendron diversilobum	missing			missing						missing						2	2	2							yes
Mutsun	Toxicodendron diversilobum	ne'-sis		Poison oak	inheritance		Utian		Callaghan 1997:227 shows the Miwok /k/, Costanoan /s/ correspondence		underived				Merriam 55:425		2	2	2							yes
Nisenan	Toxicodendron diversilobum	c'itok'		poison oak	inheritance	*c'itók'	Maiduan		Ultan 1964:362 #32		underived				Uldall & Shipley 1966		2	2	2							yes
Northern Paiute	Toxicodendron diversilobum	missing			missing						missing						2	2	2							yes
Northern Sierra Miwok	Toxicodendron diversilobum	nyky:s-y-		poison oak	inheritance	*nykys	Utian		Callaghan 1986:57		other complex	-y nominalizer			Callaghan 1987		2	2	2							yes
Plains Miwok	Toxicodendron diversilobum	nəkəh		poison oak	inheritance	*nykys	Utian		Callaghan 1986:57		underived				Callaghan 1984		2	2	2							yes
Salinan A	Toxicodendron diversilobum	trah-ah'-luk		poison oak	unique		Salinan A only		not in M;		reduplicated	/tr/ might be T- articular prefix			Merriam 55:389		2	2	2							yes
Salinan M	Toxicodendron diversilobum	mosh-sCH we'-lit		Poison oak	unique		Salinan		In A as “Ivy”		phrase	meaning unknown			Merriam 55:389		2	2	2							yes
Seri (Comcaac)	Toxicodendron diversilobum	missing			missing						missing						2	2	2							yes
Serrano	Toxicodendron diversilobum	o'-e'-tram, oo-e'-chum		poison oak	inheritance	*7ɨjaa-	Californian		S1506 (Stubbs 2009:224); seems to be a plural		other complex	looks like a plural suffix -m			Merriam 72-29, 60-117		2	2	2							yes
Southern Paiute	Toxicodendron diversilobum	missing			missing						missing						2	2	2							yes
Southern Sierra Miwok	Toxicodendron diversilobum	nykys-		poison oak	inheritance	*nykys	Utian		Callaghan 1986:57		underived				Broadbent 1964:		2	2	2							yes
Southern Ute	Toxicodendron diversilobum	missing			missing						missing						2	2	2							yes
Tübatulabal	Toxicodendron diversilobum	yah-wŭt' 72-79, 60-505	ʔɨja:ˈwɨt (?)	Poison Oak, Toxicodencron diversiblobum	inheritance	*ʔɨjaa-	Californian		S1506 (Stubbs 2009:224) Huasteca Nahuatl iyatl “tobacco”is ridiculous. Kitanemuk ʔɨycič should be in. First vowel is central.	same	other complex	ʔɨja:ˈwɨ-t poison.oak-npn			http://www.archive.org/stream/bancroft_chartmerriam_1556_60#page/n479/mode/2up; p. 505	no info	2	2	no		N/A	N/A	N/A	Pacific coast Canada to Baja California	Likes damp, shady areas, chaparral	yes
Tümpisa Shoshone	Toxicodendron diversilobum	missing			missing						missing						2	2	2							yes
Wappo	Toxicodendron diversilobum	k'ícu:ma		poison oak (CHM confirms 52:585)	unique				Note MiL 7ittum; similarity noted in Bodega Dictionary by Callaghan		other complex	Sawyer believes -ma is instrumental, but cannot identify k'icu:			Sawyer 1965		2	2	2							yes
Washo	Toxicodendron diversilobum	missing			missing						missing						2	2	2							yes
Western Mono	Toxicodendron diversilobum	tsaagibɨ		Poison oak (Toxicodendron diversiloba)	unique					same	derived		-pɨ		Bethel et al.:240	no info	2	2	1	sap used as wart remover	gathered (wild)	women	carefully			yes
Wintu	Toxicodendron diversilobum	p'otxom, potxom		poison oak	inheritance	*p'oqHom	Wintun		Shepherd 2005		other complex	p'od “hurt”??			Pitkin 1985		2	2	2							yes
Yavapai	Toxicodendron diversilobum	missing			missing						missing						2	2	2							yes
Yokuts Palewyami	Toxicodendron diversilobum	missing			missing						missing						2	2	2							yes
Yokuts Yawdanchi	Toxicodendron diversilobum	che-wik'		Poison oak	inheritance	*č'iwik'	Nim-Yokuts		Golla 1964:64	same	underived				Merriam 58:505		2	2	2							yes
Yokuts Yowlumne	Toxicodendron diversilobum	c'iwik'		poison oak (Rhus) (Merriam confirms 58:569)	inheritance	*č'iwik'	Nim-Yokuts		Golla 1964:64	same	underived				Kroeber 1961:219		2	2	2							yes
Yuki	Toxicodendron diversilobum	we'-el MWO, wahl-hoosh MWO		Poison oak	inheritance	*wi7il	Yukian		Schlichter 1985		other complex	-il a noun suffix			Sawyer & Schlichter 1984		2	2	2							yes
Yuma	Toxicodendron diversilobum	missing			missing						missing						2	2	2							yes


Bankalachi Toloim
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone
Cahuilla
Central Sierra Miwok
Chemehuevi
Chumash Barbareno
Chumash Ineseno
Chumash Obispeno
Chumash Ventureno
Cocopa
Comanche
Cupeño
Esselen
Gabrielino
Iipay 'Aa
Kawaiisu
Kiliwa
Kitanemuk
Lake Miwok
Luiseño
Maidu
Mojave
Mutsun
Nisenan
Northern Paiute
Northern Sierra Miwok
Plains Miwok
Salinan A
Salinan M
Seri (Comcaac)
Serrano
Southern Paiute
Southern Sierra Miwok
Southern Ute
Tübatulabal
Tümpisa Shoshone
Wappo
Washo
Western Mono
Wintu
Yavapai
Yokuts Palewyami
Yokuts Yawdanchi
Yokuts Yowlumne
Yuki
Yuma

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