Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

red-tailed hawk

Semantic Field
flora-fauna
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
Meaning Portuguese

Languages

Language Linnean Name Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Etymology Notes Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Range of Term Word Structure Word Structure Notes Classifier Classifier Notes Hypernym Source Association with Social Categories Ritual/Mythologically Significant Ritual Notes Food Source Food Notes Medicinal Medicinal Notes How Collected Who Collects How Prepared Psychotropic Psychotropic Notes Traded Trade Notes Distribution Habitat Dangerous Ethnobiology Notes Species Notes General Notes
Bankalachi Toloim Buteo jamaicensis ě'-tě' Redtailed hawk (Buteo jamaicensis) unique probably a loan, but not Yokuts same underived C. H. Merriam 72-77, 60-453 2 2 0 0 0 no
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone Buteo jamaicensis sah'-nah kwin'-nah RV, RM Swainson hawk (Buteo swainsoni) inheritance *kwi'na Numic Stubbs 717b (2008:131) with increment sana- also recorded at Duckwater for “eagle”?? same phrase pinyon big.bird??? Merriam 61:73 2 2 0 0 0 no
Cahuilla Buteo jamaicensis kʷáʔal ˈkʷaʔal chicken hawk (smaller than kisily) inheritance *kwaʔa- Uto-Aztecan S716 (Stubbs 2009:131) same other complex ˈkʷaʔa-l possibly onomatopoeic root, plus non.possessed.noun -7aʃ “pet” Possessive classifier -7aʃ wikikmal (?) Seiler&Hioki 1979:91 no info 2 2 “Hawks were usually not eaten” (Lightfoot & Parrish 2009:360) no info hunted Men feathers used for fletching arrows 0 0 Widespread in Americas Mixed forest and field no
Central Sierra Miwok Buteo jamaicensis súj:u- chicken hawk inheritance *suj:u- Miwokan Callaghanphonloy2222 underived Freeland & Broadbent 1960 2 2 0 0 0 no
Chemehuevi Buteo jamaicensis kwan-ahn'-zits kwanántsitsI JPH Red-tailed hawk (Buteo borealis) inheritance *kwana Southern Numic only Stubbs 717a (2008:131), really looks like *kwi'na, and like other UA *kwa words, but problems same other complex kwanán-tsi-tsI big.bird-ABS-DIM Merriam 59:525 2 2 0 0 0 no
Chumash Barbareno Buteo jamaicensis xelex hawk sp. loan into protolanguage Central Chumash only unknown WW %kili underived Beeler 1978:189 2 2 0 0 0 no
Chumash Ineseno Buteo jamaicensis kwitch, ku'-witch red-tailed hawk inheritance Central Chumash only Central Chumash underived Merriam 55:7 2 2 0 0 0 no
Chumash Obispeno Buteo jamaicensis missing missing missing 2 2 0 0 0 no
Chumash Ventureno Buteo jamaicensis k'wee'ch (1932), koo-ētch 1905; kwits (JPH) hawk sp. inheritance Central Chumash only Central Chumash underived Merriam 55:41 V ; JPH III:69:0080 (from FL) 2 2 0 0 0 no
Cocopa Buteo jamaicensis xma pkwya·w western red-tailed hawk inheritance Delta-California Note 'Iipay Aa pā'-kwahlCH; ep'-kwahCH same phrase chicken hawk (a neologism??) Crawford 1989 2 2 0 0 0 no
Comanche Buteo jamaicensis tosa nakaai hawk inheritance *naka'i Numic Stubbs 724 (2008:132) same phrase white hawk.sp (R&A say “white hears”, utter nonsense Robinson & Armagost 1990:163 2 2 0 0 0 no
Cupeño Buteo jamaicensis kwah'-ahl ˈkʷaˈʔal Red-tailed hawk inheritance *kwaʔa- Uto-Aztecan S716 (Stubbs 2009:131); there are similar Yuman words but this seems to be a good UA word same other complex ˈkʷaˈʔa-l hawk.sp-npn -ʔaʃ "pet" possessive classifier for animals not a mukikmal as far as I know http://www.archive.org/stream/bancroft_chartmerriam_1556_60#page/n251/mode/2up, p. 257 no info 2 2 probably not eaten; Luiseño, did not eat no info hunted men feathers for fletching arrows 0 0 Americas mixed forest and field no
Esselen Buteo jamaicensis šwekeš-upsa (Pinart šeukker upsa) hawk loan Costanoan Shaul cites Costanoan šewker “red-tailed hawk” other complex -p$a animal suffix -p$a Shaul 1988:696 2 2 0 0 0 no
Gabrielino Buteo jamaicensis paki:sar paˈki:sar gavilan pollero inheritance *kisa Northern Uto-Aztecan S720 (Stubbs 2009:131) same derived pa-ˈki:sa-r big/water-hawk-npn (I am not sure this is synchronically productive in Gab) -ʔaʧ “pet possessive classifier for animals Harrington 147 no info 2 beaks, claws in Chingichngich figure (McC p. 28) 2 McC does not mention but is Chingichngish animal no info hunted men for feathers, for arrows and regalia 0 0 feathers used in regalia, traded Widespread in Americas Mixed forest and field no
Iipay 'Aa Buteo jamaicensis pā'-kwahlCH; ep'-kwahCH (Mesa Grande) Merriam 55:205) red-tailed hawk inheritance Delta-California Note Cocopa xma pkwya·w; UA *kwa'a “large hawk” should be considered as a source (S716) same underived Merriam 55:171 2 2 0 0 0 no
Kawaiisu Buteo jamaicensis kwah-nuz'-ze (K) kwanazi Red-tailed hawk inheritance *kwana Southern Numic Stubbs 717a (2008:131), really looks like *kwi'na, and like other UA *kwa words, but problems same other complex kwana-zi large.bird-ABS Merriam 59:367 2 2 0 0 0 no
Kiliwa Buteo jamaicensis pkwalu Western Red-tailed haw, Buteo borealis calurus) inheritance Proto-Yuman Note 'Iipay Aa ɂepkwall, Yavapai skwāla; UA *kwa'a “large hawk” should be considered as a source (S716) same relative clause “probaby from *kw-p+walu “feathered” Mixco 1985 2 2 0 0 0 no
Kitanemuk Buteo jamaicensis pakihač ˈpakihaʧr hawk sp:light, dark, gavilan inheritance *kisa Northern Uto-Aztecan Stubbs 729 (2008:131) with pa: prefix like in Gab. same derived ˈpa-kiha-ʧr big-hawk-npn (Anderton's morphological analysis is wrong; clearly this is cognate with Cupeno kisily “hawk”, etc.) -ʔacit "pet" possessive classifier for animals Anderton 1988:456 no info 2 feathers in ritual regalia 2 no info hunted men perhaps for feathers only 0 0 probably feather regalia traded Americas Mixed forest and field no
Lake Miwok Buteo jamaicensis şújju chicken hawk (Merriam confirms as red-tail 57:517) inheritance Miwokan Pmi *suj:u- Callaghan 1971 underived Callaghan 1965 2 2 0 0 0 no
Luiseño Buteo jamaicensis kwá'la ʹkʷaɁla kind of hawk; Sparkman, red-tailed hawk inheritance *kʷaʔa- Uto-Aztecan S716a (Stubbs 209:131); a loan from Yuman should be considered (Kiliwa pkwalu, 'Iipay Aa ?epkwall, Yavapai skwala, although those may be from UA -- bird words, yucch. same other complex ʹkʷaɁ-la red.tailed.hawk-non.possessed.noun -ʔaʃ "pet" possessive classifier; NPN form of noun is ʔaʃla uncertain if is 7ehéngmal Elliott 1999:430 no info 2 feathers for headdresses (Sparkman 1908:208) 2 not eaten (Kroeber 1925:652) no info HowCollected men feathers for arrows, headdresses, wands 0 0 ceremonial regalia bought and sold Americas mixed forest and field no
Maidu Buteo jamaicensis bōk-luk'-kah red-tailed hawk unique other complex note bo- also in bald eagle Merriam57:41 2 2 0 0 0 no
Mojave Buteo jamaicensis kwas'ool; Merriam oo' mä thāy big bird, hawk inheritance Proto-Yuman Note Yavapai skwāla; this looks like a metath, and see Kiliwa pkwalu, 'Iipay Aa ?epkwaal; Yuma kwash7o/l “large hawk sp.”; UA *kwa'a “large hawk” should be considered as a source (S716) same underived Munro et al.1992 2 2 0 0 0 no
Mutsun Buteo jamaicensis siwkker hawk sp.; Merriam confirms “red-tailed hawk, any big hawk” Merriam 55:407 unique Possibly a loan from Esselen but the opposite is more likely underived Okrand 1977:13 2 2 0 0 0 no
Nisenan Buteo jamaicensis lel'-lĕ; lil'-ly red-tailed hawk unique reduplicated Merriam 57:233 2 2 0 0 0 no
Northern Paiute Buteo jamaicensis naka'e hawk (M. has as Red-tailed hawk (Buteo borealis) inheritance *naka'i Numic Stubbs 724 (2008:132) unknown Merriam 61:137 2 2 0 0 0 no
Northern Sierra Miwok Buteo jamaicensis suj:u- chicken hawk inheritance *suj:u- Miwokan Callaghan 1971 underived Callaghan 1987 2 2 0 0 0 no
Plains Miwok Buteo jamaicensis pil:aw red-tailed hawk unique underived Callaghan 1984 2 2 0 0 0 no
Salinan A Buteo jamaicensis spe:k' red-tailed hawk unique Salinan other complex s- animal prefix Mason 1918:124; Turner 1980:76 2 2 0 0 0 no
Salinan M Buteo jamaicensis spi:k' red-tailed hawk unique Salinan other complex s- animal prefix Mason 1918:124 2 2 0 0 0 no
Seri (Comcaac) Buteo jamaicensis siipoj cquihjö red-tailed hawk unique They think might be related to TO sipuk “cardinal” -- I doubt i very much. “Hawk” and “cardinal” don't have anything in common! same phrase osprey (Pandion) red Comcaac Dictionary 558 2 2 0 0 0 no
Serrano Buteo jamaicensis kwa:7T red-tailed hawk (CHM confirms 72-27) inheritance *kwa7a Northern Uto-Aztecan S716a (Stubbs 2008:131) other complex -t NPN KCHill ms 2001:25 2 2 0 0 0 no
Southern Paiute Buteo jamaicensis qwanatsits: Red-tailed hawk (Buteo jamaicensis) unique unknown Sapir 1930:546 2 2 0 0 0 no
Southern Sierra Miwok Buteo jamaicensis suj:u- chicken hawk (Merriam confirms red-tailed hawk 57:453 inheritance *suj:u- Miwokan Callaghan 1971 underived Broadbent 1964: 2 2 0 0 0 no
Southern Ute Buteo jamaicensis sí-gwaná-cI hawk, falcon unique broader (may include more than one kind of hawk although I'm dubious, dictionary is lousy on ethnobio) phrase gray-eagle-ABS Givon 1979 2 2 0 0 0 no
Tübatulabal Buteo jamaicensis wā'al wa:ˈʔal large hawk inheritance *kwa7a- Uto-Aztecan S716 (Stubbs 2009:131) same other complex wa:ˈʔa-l hawk-npn Hill 2010:114 no info 2 Hawk is a supernatural being, a yümükīwal, and must be treated with respect 2 Voegelin 1938:12 no info hunted men for feathers for arrow fletching (Voegelin 1938:28) 0 0 Americas Mixed forest and field no
Tümpisa Shoshone Buteo jamaicensis kwiyoo red-tailed hawk (Buteo borealis) inheritance *kwayo/kwayu Proto-Northern Uto-Aztecan Stubbs links to Hopi kwaayo “small eagle”, with argument -- but I suspect a loan. Stubbs 718 (2008:131) same underived maybe onomatopoeia but an old word Dayley:87 1989 2 2 0 0 0 no
Wappo Buteo jamaicensis shek' red-tailed hawk unique underived Merriam 52:569 2 2 0 0 0 no
Washo Buteo jamaicensis má7wi7 red-tailed hawk unique underived Merriam 55:231; WPD 2 2 0 0 0 no
Western Mono Buteo jamaicensis puu'na' red-tailed hawk loan Chukchansi Yokuts Chukchansi pu: (approximately -- from Merriam) same onomatopoeic maybe turned into puu'-na', puu'-it.says??? Bethel et al.:157 a totem of the Yayanchi moiety 2 2 Fire fan made of hawk or buzzard tail feathers used to smoke out ground squirrels, cottontails (Gayton 2: 220) no info hunted men mainly for feathers 0 0 no
Wintu Buteo jamaicensis ladet, ladit red-tailed hawk (CHM confirms, consistent for all dialects e.g. 56:7, 39) unique other complex Pitkin 1985 2 2 0 0 0 no
Yavapai Buteo jamaicensis skwāla large hawk inheritance Proto-Yuman Kiliwa pkwalu, 'Iipay Aa ɂepkwall; UA *kwa'a “large hawk” should be considered as a source (S716) unknown Shaterian 1983 2 2 0 0 0 no
Yokuts Palewyami Buteo jamaicensis esem red-tailed hawk unique unique in Kroeber same underived Kroeber 1961:202 (Merriam 58:521 confirms red-tailed hawk) 2 2 0 0 0 no
Yokuts Yawdanchi Buteo jamaicensis cuxup hawk sp. (Merriam confirms cuxup 58:361) inheritance Nim-Yokuts In all Kroeber except Pal. (Buena Vista forms are missing) same underived Kroeber 1961:202 2 2 0 0 0 no
Yokuts Yowlumne Buteo jamaicensis cuxup ($uxup' Newman 1964:8) hawk sp. inheritance Nim-Yokuts In all Kroeber except Pal. (Buena Vista forms are missing) same underived Vowel harmony suggests maybe some kind of suffixing but I don't know what Kroeber 1961:202 2 2 0 0 0 no
Yuki Buteo jamaicensis T'o7okmul' A T retroflex t chicken hawk unique relative clause -mol agentive? Sawyer & Schlichter 1984 2 2 0 0 0 no
Yuma Buteo jamaicensis ets-ŏr Red-tailed hawk (Buteo borealis) unique unknown Merriam 61:455 2 2 0 0 0 no