salmon/steelhead
- Semantic Field
- flora-fauna
- Part of Speech
- Meaning Spanish
- Meaning Portuguese
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Languages
| Language | Linnean Name | Orthographic Form | Phonemicized Form | Gloss as in Source | Etymology Code | Proto-Form | Proto-Language | Loan Source | Etymology Notes | Wanderwort Status | Etyma Set | Range of Term | Word Structure | Word Structure Notes | Classifier | Classifier Notes | Hypernym | Source | Association with Social Categories | Ritual/Mythologically Significant | Ritual Notes | Food Source | Food Notes | Medicinal | Medicinal Notes | How Collected | Who Collects | How Prepared | Psychotropic | Psychotropic Notes | Traded | Trade Notes | Distribution | Habitat | Dangerous | Ethnobiology Notes | Species Notes | General Notes |
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Language | Linnean Name | Orthographic Form | Phonemicized Form | Gloss as in Source | Etymology Code | Proto-Form | Proto-Language | Loan Source | Etymology Notes | Wanderwort Status | Etyma Set | Range of Term | Word Structure | Word Structure Notes | Classifier | Classifier Notes | Hypernym | Source | Association with Social Categories | Ritual/Mythologically Significant | Ritual Notes | Food Source | Food Notes | Medicinal | Medicinal Notes | How Collected | Who Collects | How Prepared | Psychotropic | Psychotropic Notes | Traded | Trade Notes | Distribution | Habitat | Dangerous | Ethnobiology Notes | Species Notes | General Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bankalachi Toloim | Oncorhynchus mykiss | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Big Smokey Valley Shoshone | Oncorhynchus mykiss | akai | fish (M:Salmon trout (big trout); “Salmon” at Duckwater | inheritance | *akai | Numic | Stubbs 868 (2008:148) | same | underived | Crapo 1976:132 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cahuilla | Oncorhynchus mykiss | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Central Sierra Miwok | Oncorhynchus mykiss | kó:somu- | salmon | inheritance | Miwokan | Must go with Pmiw *kas:i, *ka:si (Callaghan 1997:42) | other complex | -mu or -u | Freeland & Broadbent 1960 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chemehuevi | Oncorhynchus mykiss | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chumash Barbareno | Oncorhynchus mykiss | kowoʧ | salmon | inheritance | Central Chumash only | also in Ineseno | underived | Beeler 1978:178 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chumash Ineseno | Oncorhynchus mykiss | ah-ko-wutch'; lap (Pinart) | salmon | unique | Central Chumash only | lap may be Yokutsan loan | WW | %lvp | other complex | 7al- | Merriam 55:17 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Chumash Obispeno | Oncorhynchus mykiss | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chumash Ventureno | Oncorhynchus mykiss | lap (2), poiok (3) | salmon | inheritance | Central Chumash only | Ineseno has lap; what about Yokuts lopit? | WW | %lvp | underived | Heizer/Pinart I:60, 61 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cocopa | Oncorhynchus mykiss | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Comanche | Oncorhynchus mykiss | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cupeño | Oncorhynchus mykiss | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Esselen | Oncorhynchus mykiss | kilíwa (Henshaw; Pinart keleuai), kilínai | salmon | unique | Esselen | underived | -wa is a plural on demonstratives in Shaul 1995 but apparently not on nouns | Shaul 1995:227 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gabrielino | Oncorhynchus mykiss | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Iipay 'Aa | Oncorhynchus mykiss | mo-weelk' | salmon | loan | Yok-Utian | Yuma mo-we'-ulk; loan direction unknown | same | underived | a wild guess | Merriam 55:181 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kawaiisu | Oncorhynchus mykiss | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kiliwa | Oncorhynchus mykiss | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kitanemuk | Oncorhynchus mykiss | kihuč | ˈkihuʧr | fish (word appears in compound “salmon-spear”) | inheritance | *kɨcuC | Uto-Aztecan | S864 (Stubbs 2009;147) | broader (word is generic for “fish”) | other complex | ˈkihu-ʧr fish-npn | -ʔacit "pet" | possessive classifier for animals | no info | 2 | 1 | no info | hunted | men | fish spears, poison. No info on preparatin. | 0 | 0 | West coast North America to roughly San Diego | anadromous; rivers with coastal outlets | no | |||||||||||||
| Lake Miwok | Oncorhynchus mykiss | káşşi | salmon | inheritance | Miwokan | but with difficulties: Pmiw *kas:i, *ka:si; surely has something to do with Pmis *ko:sum (Callaghan 1997:42) | underived | Callaghan 1965 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Luiseño | Oncorhynchus mykiss | sélwamal | ˈselwamal | trout | unique | note S869 *so ... “kind of fish” (Stubbs 2009:148) | same | derived | ˈselwa-ma-l fish.sp-diminutive-non.possessed.noun | -ʔaʃ "pet" | possessive classifier; NPN form of noun is ʔaʃla | Elliott 1999 1803 | no info | 2 | 1 | interior Lu. used this fish | no info | hunted | men | taken by poisoning water, broiled, etc. | 0 | 0 | Entire Pacific Coast of US (NOAA website) | anadromous, runs in coastal streams | no | |||||||||||||
| Maidu | Oncorhynchus mykiss | májhi, mahí | salmon | inheritance | *maj-(hi) | Maiduan | Ultan 1964:364 #158 | underived | Shipley 1963 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mojave | Oncorhynchus mykiss | ɂachii ɂahan | salmon, earwig insect | unique | same | phrase | fish right(direction)/good | Munro et al.1992 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mutsun | Oncorhynchus mykiss | uraka | salmon (Merriam confirms Merriam 55:417, hears hoo”-rah-ka) | inheritance | *(h)u:raka | Costanoan | Callaghan 2001:333 | underived | Mason 1916:427 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nisenan | Oncorhynchus mykiss | maj | salmon (CHM confirms) | inheritance | *maj-(hi) | Maiduan | Ultan 1964: 364 # 158 | underived | Uldall & Shipley 1966 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Northern Paiute | Oncorhynchus mykiss | agi | Trout (Y), salmon (Burns: Thornes 2003:112) | inheritance | *akai | Numic | Stubbs 868 (2008:148), western and central numic only | same | underived | Yerington Dictionary | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Northern Sierra Miwok | Oncorhynchus mykiss | Tuku:n-u- | salmon | inheritance | Eastern Miwokan | In Mip | other complex | -u nominalizer | Callaghan 1987 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Plains Miwok | Oncorhynchus mykiss | tukun | salmon | inheritance | Eastern Miwokan | In Mins | underived | Callaghan 1984 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Salinan A | Oncorhynchus mykiss | Teteyá:w | salmon | unique | Salinan | other complex | t- (articular prefix) on vowel-initial stem, probablyl Turner 1987 says should be /T/ | Mason 1918:125; Turner 1980:82 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Salinan M | Oncorhynchus mykiss | T<etēyau | salmon | unique | underived | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Seri (Comcaac) | Oncorhynchus mykiss | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Serrano | Oncorhynchus mykiss | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Southern Paiute | Oncorhynchus mykiss | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Southern Sierra Miwok | Oncorhynchus mykiss | ko:sum- | salmon | inheritance | Miwokan | Pmis *ko:sum must be related to Pmiw *kas:i, *ka:si; Callaghan 1997:42 | underived | Broadbent 1964: | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Southern Ute | Oncorhynchus mykiss | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tübatulabal | Oncorhynchus mykiss | ha”yahl | haʔayahl | trout | unique | same | other complex | haʔayah-l trout-npn | Hill 2010:22 | no info | 2 | 1 | no info | hunted | all | used fish traps (men), poison (everybody), diverse preparations, mainly roasting on coals | 0 | 0 | West coast North America to roughly San Diego | anadromous; rivers with coastal outlets | no | |||||||||||||||||
| Tümpisa Shoshone | Oncorhynchus mykiss | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wappo | Oncorhynchus mykiss | melkháw | salmon (CHM confirms 52:579) | unique | phrase | -haw is probably the "fish" word, what is melk? | Sawyer 1965 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Washo | Oncorhynchus mykiss | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Western Mono | Oncorhynchus mykiss | aaGai | salmon | inheritance | *akai | Western + Central Numic | Stubbs 868 (2008:148) | same | underived | pakwi “fish” | Bethel et al.:1 | no info | 2 | 1 | no info | fished | all | no info | 0 | 0 | no | |||||||||||||||||
| Wintu | Oncorhynchus mykiss | nur | salmon, fish | inheritance | *nur | Wintun | Shepherd 2005; Golla 1997:163 relates to Alsea nu:ns' “to eat”, “elk (meat)”, probably from nu:-nu:s- (no:p “deer”, “meat” in Patwin, may be related) | underived | nur ... | Schlichter 1981 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yavapai | Oncorhynchus mykiss | missing | missing | missing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yokuts Palewyami | Oncorhynchus mykiss | ɂi·peş | salmon (Merriam's “big steelhead salmon”) Kroeber's “lake trout” | inheritance | Yokutsan | nearly universal in Kroeber | same | underived | Gamble 1991 (from Harrington) | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yokuts Yawdanchi | Oncorhynchus mykiss | èpic | lake trout (Merriam says is Steelhead Salmon); Merriam has ki'-ye-hrit for “salmon” in Wik: 58:371 | inheritance | Yokutsan | in all Kroeber except Chunut | same | underived | Kroeber 1961:205 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yokuts Yowlumne | Oncorhynchus mykiss | èpic, 'e:p'iş | lake trout, confirmed Newman 1944:226; Merriam has as “salmon” | inheritance | Yokutsan | in all Kroeber except Chunut | same | underived | Kroeber 1961:205 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yuki | Oncorhynchus mykiss | hąw A, F | fish, salmon | inheritance | *həw | Yukian-Wappo | Schlichter 1985; Elmendorf 1997:80 Wappo 7ew | underived | Sawyer & Schlichter 1984 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yuma | Oncorhynchus mykiss | mo-we'-ulk | Salmon | loan direction unknown | Iipay Aa | Iipay Aa mo-weelk'; loan direction unknown | unknown | Merriam 61:465 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | no |
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