Hunter-Gatherer Language Database

sparrow hawk

Semantic Field: flora-fauna
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
Meaning Portuguese

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Language	Linnean Name	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Etymology Notes	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Range of Term	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	Classifier	Classifier Notes	Hypernym	Source	Association with Social Categories	Ritual/Mythologically Significant	Ritual Notes	Food Source	Food Notes	Medicinal	Medicinal Notes	How Collected	Who Collects	How Prepared	Psychotropic	Psychotropic Notes	Traded	Trade Notes	Distribution	Habitat	Dangerous	Ethnobiology Notes	Species Notes	General Notes

Language	Linnean Name	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Etymology Notes	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Range of Term	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	Classifier	Classifier Notes	Hypernym	Source	Association with Social Categories	Ritual/Mythologically Significant	Ritual Notes	Food Source	Food Notes	Medicinal	How Collected	Who Collects	How Prepared	Trade Notes	Distribution	Habitat	Dangerous
Bankalachi Toloim	Falco	e'-titch, e-tits		Sparrow hawk (Falco)	unique				but morphology looks Yokutsan with the -ch/ts suffix			same	derived	Looks like diminutive of “Red-tailed hawk” (with a probable Yokuts stem and a UA suffix!)				C. H. Merriam 72-77, 60-453		2		2		0							no
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone	Falco	pik-ker'-ige RM;		sparrow hawk (Falco sparverius)	inheritance	*pik-	Northern Uto-Aztecan		Stubbs 727 (2008:132); (Mono, Timbisa Shoshone, Round Mountain, Hopi piikwa “lesser nighthawk” ???. This form in Central, Western Numic	WW	%kili	same	underived	may be onomatopoeia				Merriam 61:73		2		2		0							no
Cahuilla	Falco	kel-lek'-le-mal	keˈleklemal (note Luiseño kolókolomay “red-breasted hawk, small red hawk” (Elliott 1999:1462)	Sparrow hawk (Falco)	inheritance	*kɨlɨ-	Uto-Aztecan		S721 (Stubbs 2009:131); Note: Guarijío keleti̱ \| kereti̱ (?) <kelecí (¿kerecí?)> ‘kind of a hawk’ (Miller 1996: 345); correspondence of medial /l/ is off, perhaps loan. Hopi kyeele “Sparrow Hawk” definitely not regular, perhaps sound-imitation is affec	WW	%kili	same	derived	keˈlekle-mal kele-kele (a call) - diminutive	-7aʃ “pet”	Possessive classifier -7aʃ	wikikmal (?)	http://www.archive.org/stream/bancroft_chartmerriam_1556_60#page/n155/mode/2up; p. 163	no info	2		2		0					All Americas	Diverse habitats	no
Central Sierra Miwok	Falco	tét:ete-		sparrow hawk	inheritance	*te:ete-	Eastern Miwokan		I think this is probably the wrong hawk,same word is “Cooper's Hawk” in CHM's Misn and Mip. Recon is Callaghan 1962:104				reduplicated					Freeland & Broadbent 1960		2		2		0							no
Chemehuevi	Falco	pe'-ve-nung'-guts,		Sparrow hawk (Falco sparverius)	unique				Colorado River Southern Numic, note Southern Ute piví-nagá-cI			same	other complex	pe'-ve-nung'-guts, perhaps piivinɨŋgɨ-cI , with final ABS; stem may be complex				Merriam 59:525		2		2		0							no
Chumash Barbareno	Falco	kwiʧ		peregrine falcon, duck hawk	unique		Central Chumash only						underived					Beeler 1978:178 CHECK		2		2		0							no
Chumash Ineseno	Falco	ke'-lik		sparrow hawk	loan into protolanguage		Central Chumash only	unknown	a widely-distributed form, might be loan	WW	%kili		underived					Merriam 55:7		2		2		0							no
Chumash Obispeno	Falco	tšmija7; tšinatyi		a kind of gavilan, chiquito, cry mija; aguililla (Schoenhals et al. give F. sparviverius as one meaning); see (22) bald eagle	unique								underived					Harrington III:1:0299; 0118		2		2		0							no
Chumash Ventureno	Falco	kwiʧ; perhaps kilik JPH?		falcon sp.	loan into protolanguage		Central Chumash only	unknown	Ineseno has kilik	WW	%kili		underived					Mamet 2008:18		2		2		0							no
Cocopa	Falco	mspily		sparrow hawk or American kestrel (Falco sparviverus)	inheritance		Delta-California		Iipay Aa mespily			same	underived	first element cognate with 'Iipay Aa mes-, separable in a number of words, no clear meaning				Crawford 1989		2		2		0							no
Comanche	Falco	huhmara?, huumara?		falcon	unique				perhaps a loan from somewhere?			same	underived					Robinson & Armagost 1990:162		2		2		0							no
Cupeño	Falco	keyeyekmal	kəˈjɛjɛkmal	night hawk	loan	*kɨlɨ-		Cahuilla	vowel in Cupeño is /ɛ/, and /y/ is non-correspondent to /l/ in Cahuilla, Luiseño words.			same	derived	kəˈjɛjɛk-ma-l sparrow.hawk-diminutive-npn	-ʔaʃ "pet"	possessive classifier for animals	not a mukikmal as far as I know	Hill & Nolasquez 1973:158	no info	2		2	probably not eaten; Luiseño, did not eat	no info	hunted	men	feathers for fletching arrows		Americas	diverse habitats	no
Esselen	Falco	missing			missing								missing							2		2		0							no
Gabrielino	Falco	koo'-neets	ˈku:niʧ (?)	Sparrow hawk	unique				Could this be the NUA “turkey” word??? Stubbs 2358 (2008;316), *kuyu-...?			same	underived	-ʧ is not an npn. Alexander Taylor gave this word for "bird" (in McC)	-ʔaʧ “pet	possessive classifier for animals		http://www.archive.org/stream/bancroft_chartmerriam_1556_60#page/n415/mode/2up; p. 421	no info	2	beaks, claws in Chingichngich figure (McC p. 28)	2	McC does not mention but is Chingichngish animal	no info	hunted	men	for feathers, for arrows and regalia	feathers used in regalia, traded	Americas	diverse habitats	no
Iipay 'Aa	Falco	mespily		sparrow hawk	inheritance		Delta-California		Cocopa mspily			same	underived					Couro & Hutcheson 1973		2		2		0							no
Kawaiisu	Falco	wižiki-ži hunarɨ		sparrow hawk	inheritance	*wi(t)tiki “bird”	Proto-Uto-Aztecan		Stubbs 205a (2008:67); what is hunarɨ ? Southern Paiute is witsɨ-ungwarats anga “bird-catcher”			same	phrase	wižiki-ži huna-rɨ bird-ABS X-NOMINALIZER (not an adj, which would precede “bird”)				Zigmond et al.		2		2		0							no
Kiliwa	Falco	missing			missing								missing							2		2		0							no
Kitanemuk	Falco	kɨyɨkɨyɨč	ˈkɨyɨkɨyɨʧ	red-tailed hawk (which is wrong)	inheritance	kɨLɨ; kɨtɨ	Uto-Aztecan		S721 (Stubbs 2008:131); but very widespread, sound-imitative; /y/ from *L a bit odd although not unknown				reduplicated	ˈkɨyɨ-kɨyɨ-ʧ dup-hawk.sp-npn	-ʔacit "pet"	possessive classifier for animals		Anderton 1988:358	no info	2	figure in stories of creation time; also are good guardian spirits	2		no info	hunted	men	perhaps for feathers only	probably feather regalia traded	Americas	Diverse habitats	no
Lake Miwok	Falco	7íit7it		sparrow hawk (et) (Merriam confirms 57:517)	loan			Patwin	C. notes Patwin 7i:t7it “sparrow hawk”; see also Yokutsan *?yt'ychH (Callaghan 1997:59 and Palewyami form				reduplicated					Callaghan 1965		2		2		0							no
Luiseño	Falco	kolókolokamay	koˈlokolokamaj	sparrow hawk	inheritance	*kɨlɨ-	Uto-Aztecan		S721 (Stubbs 2009:131); Note: Guarijío keleti̱ \| kereti̱ (?) <kelecí (¿kerecí?)> ‘kind of a hawk’ (Miller 1996: 345); correspondence of medial /l/ is off, perhaps loan. Hopi kyeele “Sparrow Hawk” definitely not regular , perhaps sound-imitation affecti	WW	%kili	same	derived	koˈlo-koloka-maj Dup-sparrow.hawk-diminutive (note: -maj is common variant of -ma-l with usual NPN suffix; -j may = -l	-ʔaʃ "pet"	possessive classifier; NPN form of noun is ʔaʃla	uncertain if is 7ehéngmal	Elliott 1999:398	no info	2	feathers for headdresses (Sparkman 1908:208)	2	not eaten (Kroeber 1925:652)	no info	hunted	men	feathers for arrows, headdresses, wands	ceremonial regalia bought and sold	Americas	diverse habitats	no
Maidu	Falco	ke'-lik-lik'-kim		sparrow hawk	loan			Northern Sierra Miwok	areal form in Miwokan, PUA, Salinan, PW *k'ililuk, etc. (imitates bird's cry)	WW	%kili		reduplicated	-im suffix				Merriam 57:41		2		2		0							no
Mojave	Falco	thiinyer		sparrowhawk	unique							same	underived					Munro et al.1992		2		2		0							no
Mutsun	Falco	7eleymin		hawk sp. (Mason 1916:427 goshawk; Merriam confirms sparrow hawk)	unique		Southern Costanoan only		Pinart has “ellem” in Co IV; Merriam has el'-lim “red-tailed hawk” for Rumsen 55:439				relative clause	-min "one who is/has"				Okrand 1977:58		2		2		0							no
Nisenan	Falco	missing			missing								missing							2		2		0							no
Northern Paiute	Falco	wobbe'e		Sparrow hawk	unique							same	underived					Merriam 61:137		2		2		0							no
Northern Sierra Miwok	Falco	kiliksaje-		sparrow hawk	loan into protolanguage		Eastern Miwokan	unknown	Also in Miss, Mip; areal form, is in PUA,Salinan,Maidu, etc. imitates bird's cry	WW	%kili		compound	kilik-saje; saje untralsatable				Callaghan 1987		2		2		0							no
Plains Miwok	Falco	kiliksa:je-		sparrow hawk (Merriam confiirms)	loan into protolanguage		Eastern Miwokan	unknown	In Mins, Miss; widespread areal for kili- (see Proto-Wintun *k'ililuk “Cooper's Hawk?” Shepherd 224)	WW	%kili		phrase	kilik-sa:je (sound.imitation -uncertain.meaning)				Callaghan 1984		2		2		0							no
Salinan A	Falco	skele:lé7		sparrow-hawk	loan		Salinan	unknown	This is a widespread form; e.g. Chumash B xelex “hawk sp.”, Maidu ke'-lik-lik'-kim; Proto-UA *kɨlɨ-. This is the sound of this hawk.	WW	%kili		other complex	s- animal prefix				Mason 1918:124; Turner 1980:76		2		2		0							no
Salinan M	Falco	skelé:le		sparrow hawk	loan		Salinan	unknown	This is a widespread form; e.g. Chumash B xelex “hawk sp.”, Maidu ke'-lik-lik'-kim; Proto-UA *kɨlɨ-. This is the sound of this hawk.	WW	%kili		other complex	s- animal prefix				Mason 1918:124		2		2		0							no
Seri (Comcaac)	Falco	siimen		American kestrel, Falco sparviverius	unique							same	underived					Comcaac Dictionary 558		2	siimen cöittaxz “tener mala suerte”	2		0							no
Serrano	Falco	kre'-yu kre'-ets, kre'-yu kre'-yuts		Sparrow hawk	inheritance	kɨLɨ; kɨtɨ	Uto-Aztecan		S721 (Stubbs 2008:131); but very widespread, sound-imitative; /y/ from *L a bit odd although not unknown				reduplicated	-t NPN				Merriam 72-27, 60-101		2		2		0							no
Southern Paiute	Falco	qɨrin'nangqatsI		Sparrow hawk (?)	unique							same	other complex	has -tsi ABS; stem clearly compound but meaningless elements although Sapir speculates that nangqa- may be “ear-ring”???				Sapir 1930:638		2		2		0							no
Southern Sierra Miwok	Falco	kil-lik'-si-e; kil-lik'-kik-kŭ		Sparrow hawk	loan into protolanguage		Eastern Miwokan	unknown	first form also in Mins, Mip	WW	%kili		other complex	kilik' -saji				Merriam 55:453		2		2		0							no
Southern Ute	Falco	piví-nagá-cI		sparrow-hawk	unique				Colorado River Southern Numic -- note Chemehuevi pe'-ve-nung'-guts			same	other complex	has -ci ABS ; looks phrasal but elements have no analysis, don't occur elsewhere obviously				Givon 1979		2		2		0							no
Tübatulabal	Falco	liklīkīpitt	likli:gi:ˈbit	a story character	loan			Southern Sierra Miwok	SSM lekleksa (and note Nutuntu Yokuts likik	WW	%kili	same	derived	likli:gi:-ˈbi-t hawk.sp-diminutive-npn				Hill 2010:40	no info	2	Hawk is a supernatural being, a yümükīwal, and must be treated with respect	2	Voegelin 1938:12	no info	hunted	men	for feathers for arrow fletching (Voegelin 1938:28)		Americas	Diverse habitats	no
Tümpisa Shoshone	Falco	pikkitikittsi		sparrow hawk	inheritance	*pik-	Proto-Northern Uto-Aztecan		Stubbs 727 (2008:132); (Mono, Timbisa Shoshone, Round Mountain, Hopi piikwa “lesser nighthawk” ???. This form in Central, Western Numic			same	other complex	pikkitiki-ttsi onomatopoeia?-DIM				Dayley 1989:206		2		2		0							no
Wappo	Falco	she'-nes-nah'-tsah, se'-nis-nats'-să		Sparrow hawk	unique								phrase					Merriam 52:569		2		2		0							no
Washo	Falco	dat-too'-too-de; dă-troo-troo-de		sparrow hawk (M. has this as “his call” with red-tail???)	unique								reduplicated							2		2		0							no
Western Mono	Falco	pik-kid'-de-gĕ; Gayton pikɨdigi “sparrow hawk”		Sparrow hawk, Falco	inheritance	*pik-	Proto-Northern Uto-Aztecan (Mono, Timbisa Shoshone, Hopi piikwa “lesser nighthawk” ???. This form in Central, Western Numic			WW	%kili	same	underived	must be derived somehow, too long for real simplex				Merriam 59:71	Falcon lineages highly respected and a man from such could become chief (Gayton 2:270); but for Waksachi “not a totem” Gayton 2:223)	2	totem animal	2		no info	hunted	men	probably for feathers				no
Wintu	Falco	e'-re-ēs'		sparrow hawk (CHM consistent for all dialects)	inheritance	*7i:r7ir (?)	Wintun		Shepherd 2005				underived					Merriam 56:7		2		2		0							no
Yavapai	Falco	ɂčkyô·č		diver or chicken hawk	unique								unknown					Shaterian 1983		2		2		0							no
Yokuts Palewyami	Falco	e-titch'-wāy		sparrow hawk	inheritance	*?yt'ychH	Yokutsan		Callaghan 1937:59 says is only Nim, but this form suggests Yokutsan; compare Mil ?i:t'it, (loanword from Patwin?)			same	other complex	clearly has a -we: increment, function and meaning unknown; compare word for “band-tail pigeon” with final -wah in Merriam on a possible cognate				Merriam 58:521		2		2		0							no
Yokuts Yawdanchi	Falco	üdatc; ütatc 220 (from spec.)		hawk sp. (Merriam confirms ut-tuch 58 361)	inheritance	*?yt'ychH	Yokutsan		Callaghan 1937:59 says is only Nim, butPalewyami form suggests Yokutsan; compare Mil ?i:t'it, (loanword from Patwin?)			same	underived					Kroeber 1961:211 (212)		2		2		0							no
Yokuts Yowlumne	Falco	iditc, 'it'iç		hawk sp.	inheritance	*?yt'ychH	Yokutsan		Callaghan 1997:59 says is only Nim, but Palewyami form suggests Yokutsan; compare Mil ?i:t'it, (loanword from Patwin?)			same	underived					Kroeber 1961:211 (#212)		2		2		0							no
Yuki	Falco	me-leel' MWO		sparrow hawk	unique								other complex	-il a noun suffix				Sawyer & Schlichter 1984		2		2		0							no
Yuma	Falco	missing			missing								missing							2		2		0							no


Bankalachi Toloim
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone
Cahuilla
Central Sierra Miwok
Chemehuevi
Chumash Barbareno
Chumash Ineseno
Chumash Obispeno
Chumash Ventureno
Cocopa
Comanche
Cupeño
Esselen
Gabrielino
Iipay 'Aa
Kawaiisu
Kiliwa
Kitanemuk
Lake Miwok
Luiseño
Maidu
Mojave
Mutsun
Nisenan
Northern Paiute
Northern Sierra Miwok
Plains Miwok
Salinan A
Salinan M
Seri (Comcaac)
Serrano
Southern Paiute
Southern Sierra Miwok
Southern Ute
Tübatulabal
Tümpisa Shoshone
Wappo
Washo
Western Mono
Wintu
Yavapai
Yokuts Palewyami
Yokuts Yawdanchi
Yokuts Yowlumne
Yuki
Yuma

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