Hunter-Gatherer Language Database

cará tuber, purple or white

Semantic Field: flora-fauna
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish: camote, sachapapa
Meaning Portuguese: cará roxo, branco

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Language	Linnean Name	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Etymology Notes	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Range of Term	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	Classifier	Classifier Notes	Hypernym	Source	Association with Social Categories	Ritual/Mythologically Significant	Ritual Notes	Food Source	Food Notes	Medicinal	Medicinal Notes	How Collected	Who Collects	How Prepared	Psychotropic	Psychotropic Notes	Traded	Trade Notes	Distribution	Habitat	Dangerous	Ethnobiology Notes	Species Notes	General Notes

Language	Linnean Name	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Etymology Notes	Range of Term	Word Structure	Classifier	Classifier Notes	Source	Ritual/Mythologically Significant	Food Source	Medicinal	How Collected	Who Collects	How Prepared	Psychotropic	Traded	Distribution	Dangerous	General Notes
Achagua	Dioscorea sp.	jáakui	jáakui		inheritance								See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant
Aguaruna	Dioscorea sp.	kégke	kɨngkɨ										See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant
Akawaio	Dioscorea sp.	naböɪ	naböɪ		inheritance	Akawaio, Pemon	rel. to 'potato' terms?						See Language page	0	1	0				0	0	secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings	no	plant
Apalai	Dioscorea sp.	sãsawa	sãsawa		unique								See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant
Ashuar	Dioscorea sp.	kengké	kɯŋkɯ										See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant
Baniwa	Dioscorea sp.	áaxi	áaʃi		unique			Possibly old; see Warekena a:ʃi 'manioc'		uncoded			See Language page	0	1	0				0	0	secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings	no	plant
Bora	Dioscorea sp.	cáátuú (=jenipap)	kʰáátʰɯɯ́ (=jenipap)		semantic shift?		also means 'jenipap'						See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant
Candoshi-Shapra	Dioscorea sp.	chámó	tʃámó										See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant
Carijona	Dioscorea sp.	nahíki (M2000)	nahíki (M2000)		inheritance		rel. to 'potato' terms?						See Language page	0	1	0				0	0	secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings	no	plant
Cavineña	Dioscorea sp.	cunu caji (C&L89)	kunu kahi										See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant
Chácobo	Dioscorea sp.	poa (listed as a "potato-like tuber")	poa (listed as a "potato-like tuber")										See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant
Cubeo	Dioscorea sp.	yapica	japika		inheritance			Same as 'sweet potato'	Broader (also means 'sweet potato')	uncoded			See Language page	0	1	0				0	0	secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings	no	plant
Djeoromitxi	Dioscorea sp.	bu	bu										See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant
Dâw	Dioscorea sp.	ĩín	ʔĩ̌n		unique					underived			See Language page	0	1	0				0	0	secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings	no	plant
Eñepa	Dioscorea sp.	wanka (MM)	wanka (MM)	cará, yam, sweet potato	inheritance	Northern Carib?			broader (cará, yam, sweet potato)				See Language page	0	1	0				0	0	secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings	no	plant
Hodï	Dioscorea sp.	uli jwane (D. alata), jani jwane (D. trífida), ajtejta jwane (Dioscorea sp.) (Zent 08)			unique			uli jwane (D. alata), jani jwane (D. trífida), ajtejta jwane (Dioscorea sp.) (Zent 08)		uncoded			See Language page	0	1	0				0	0	secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings	no	plant
Huambisa	Dioscorea sp.	kegke	kɨŋgkɨ										See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant
Hup	Dioscorea sp.	j'ã ̌h	ɟ'ã ̌h		doubtful loan into protolanguage		East Tukanoan	compare e.g. Candoshi tʃámó		underived			See Language page	0	1	0	cultivated	women	boiled; mostly used as additive in beer	0	0	secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings	no	plant
Iquito	Dioscorea sp.	catíja	katíha										See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant
Kabiyari	Dioscorea sp.	jáku	jáku										See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant
Kakua	Dioscorea sp.		jáj		unique					underived			See Language page	0	1	0				0	0	secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings	no	plant
Kariña	Dioscorea sp.	pirisia	pirisia	asiatic yam									Courtz 2007:346									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings	no
Karitiana	Dioscorea sp.	pokoho	pokoho										See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant
Kokama	Dioscorea sp.	kara	kaɾa										See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant
Lokono	Dioscorea sp.	himokona	himokona	buck yam									Fanshwe 1949:63									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings	no
Maihiki	Dioscorea sp.	bajo ja	baxõ xã		unique					uncoded	xã	xã (orth. ja) = inanimate	See Language page	0	1	0				0	0	secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings	no	plant
Matses	Dioscorea sp.	bëyun	bɨjun										See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant
Minica Witoto	Dioscorea sp.	reɸí-hɯ (H&R92)	reɸí-hɯ (H&R92)										See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant
Movima	Dioscorea sp.	jalala'a (J62)	halala'a										See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant
Murui Witoto	Dioscorea sp.	reɸi-hɯ (H&R92), jacaìjɨ	reɸi-hɯ (H&R92), hakaìhɯ (B83)										See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant
Nadëb/Rio Negro dialect	Dioscorea sp.		ʔɯːn										See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant
Nadëb/Roçado dialect	Dioscorea sp.		manaʔɯːn		unique								See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant
Napo Lowland Quichua	Dioscorea sp.	mandi	mandi										See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant
Nheengatu	Dioscorea sp.	cará	kará		inheritance	Proto-Tupi-Guarani		Reconstructed PTG Mello 2000		underived			See Language page	0	1	0				0	0	secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings	no	plant
Nukak	Dioscorea sp.	wekiri (P07)			unique			[loan or morph complex?]		uncoded			See Language page	0	1	0				0	0	secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings	no	plant
Nɨpode Witoto	Dioscorea sp.	repí-hɯ (H&R92)	repí-hɯ (H&R92)										See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant
Ocaina	Dioscorea sp.	ahxashti; botʲootʲo (H&R92)	aʔxaʃti										See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant
Paresi	Dioscorea sp.	ˈhaka kaholere (red), ˈhaka yomere (white)	ˈhaka kaholere (red), ˈhaka jumere (white)		inheritance								See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant
Pemon	Dioscorea sp.	napöɪ (red; E80), prisaʔ (long/white; Pessoa2006)	napöɪ (red; E80), prisaʔ (long/white; Pessoa2006)		inheritance	Akawaio, Pemon							See Language page	0	1	0				0	0	secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings	no	plant
Piapoco	Dioscorea sp.	yàcui	jàkui										See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant
Pumé	Dioscorea sp.	pará											See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant
Resígaro	Dioscorea sp.	jáku	jáku		inheritance					missing			See Language page	0	1	0				0	0	secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings	no	plant
Secoya	Dioscorea sp.	yaji	yahi										See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant
Sikuani	Dioscorea sp.	eméri (Rivet 1948)			missing					missing			See Language page	0	1	0				0	0	secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings	no	plant
Siona	Dioscorea sp.	bo nyaho	bo nyaho										See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant
Sirionó	Dioscorea sp.	ñiti (P85)	ñiti										See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant
Southern Pastaza Quechua	Dioscorea sp.	cumal	kumal										See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant
Tanimuca	Dioscorea sp.	dyãʔ'bũã	dyãʔ'bũã										See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant
Taushiro	Dioscorea sp.	hae´u	haɨʔu										See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant
Tukano	Dioscorea sp.	ya'mû 'generic (there are other names for several species)	ja'mû 'generic (there are other names for several species)		inheritance			Same as 'yam '	Broader (also means yam)	uncoded			See Language page	0	1	0				0	0	secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings	no	plant
Urarina	Dioscorea sp.	iʨai	itʃai										See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant
Wai Wai	Dioscorea sp.	naaΦi	naaΦi										See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant
Waimaja	Dioscorea sp.	ñã́ᵽĩ́	ɲã́ɸĩ́										See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant
Wari	Dioscorea sp.	xuxut (E&K97)	ʃuʃut (E&K97)										See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant
Waurá	Dioscorea sp.	paka (R73)	paka (R73)		inheritance								See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant
Wayampi	Dioscorea sp.	kala	kala										See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant
Wayana	Dioscorea sp.	napëk	napǝk		inheritance		rel. to 'potato' terms?						See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant
Yagua	Dioscorea sp.	musa	musã										See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant
Yanomam	Dioscorea sp.	kaxetema (dioscorea piperifolia, vine, not tuber WM99)	kaʃetema (WM99)		unique					uncoded			See Language page	0	1	0				0	0	secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings	no	plant
Yanomami	Dioscorea sp.	ahë (D. trifida), karpiromɨ	ahə (D. trifida), karpiromɨ		inheritance					underived			See Language page	0	1	0				0	0	secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings	no	plant
Yuhup	Dioscorea sp.	c'ãh	cˀãh		loan into protolanguage		Unknown	e.g. Candoshi tʃámó; doubtful		underived			See Language page	0	1	0				0	0	secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings	no	plant
Yukuna	Dioscorea sp.	ɲaʔkú	ɲaʔkú		inheritance					missing			See Language page	0	1	0				0	0	secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings	no	plant
Záparo	Dioscorea sp.	imatsaka (camote)	imatsaka										See Language page									secondary scrub vegetation; forest clearings		plant


Achagua
Aguaruna
Akawaio
Apalai
Ashuar
Baniwa
Bora
Candoshi-Shapra
Carijona
Cavineña
Chácobo
Cubeo
Djeoromitxi
Dâw
Eñepa
Hodï
Huambisa
Hup
Iquito
Kabiyari
Kakua
Kariña
Karitiana
Kokama
Lokono
Maihiki
Matses
Minica Witoto
Movima
Murui Witoto
Nadëb/Rio Negro dialect
Nadëb/Roçado dialect
Napo Lowland Quichua
Nheengatu
Nukak
Nɨpode Witoto
Ocaina
Paresi
Pemon
Piapoco
Pumé
Resígaro
Secoya
Sikuani
Siona
Sirionó
Southern Pastaza Quechua
Tanimuca
Taushiro
Tukano
Urarina
Wai Wai
Waimaja
Wari
Waurá
Wayampi
Wayana
Yagua
Yanomam
Yanomami
Yuhup
Yukuna
Záparo

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