Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

griddle for cooking flatbread

Semantic Field
subsistence tool
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
tiesto (Colombia), budare (Venezuela), tortera (Peru)
Meaning Portuguese
forno para beiju

Languages

Language Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Etymology Notes Word Structure Word Structure Notes General Notes Source
Kakua pêɲep pêɲep unknown Simplex agriculture? See Language page
Nheengatu yapuna (Casas2000) japuna (Casas2000) inheritance *meju Subgroup? Simplex agriculture? See Language page
Waorani awẽdẽ-ka 'oven' (IDS) unique agriculture? See Language page
Yanomami rãmamotima (MM07) rãmamotima (MM07) unknown Derived rãmɨ-aɨ “to roast,” -amotima, nominalizer agriculture? See Language page
Kotiria tju dihoria tju dihoria unknown Compound agriculture? See Language page
Cubeo pãramiva pãrami-va doubtful loan North Arawak, e.g. Yucuna poʔoɾí cassava griddle-Class. FLAT agriculture? See Language page
Tukano ata ata inheritance Proto-East Tukanoan Simplex agriculture? See Language page
Desano gararu gararu inheritance Proto-East Tukanoan Simplex agriculture? See Language page
Hup b'ɔk-káb b'ɔk-káb inheritance Proto-DYH Daw has cognate form for 'plate' Compound clay griddle? agriculture? See Language page
Dâw boòd bɔ̂d unique Simplex agriculture? See Language page
Guayabero checa unknown Unknown Simplex agriculture? See Language page
Pemon tari missing Venezuelan (N. Amazonian) subgroup? Attested Makiritare, Pemon agriculture? See Language page
Eñepa uto kejto, to' uto kejto' utɔ kehtɔʔ, tɔʔ utɔ kejtɔʔ (MM) unknown Alternate: tɔʔ utɔ kejtɔʔ Compound utɔ= manioc; kehtɔʔ=?? agriculture? See Language page
Yukuna po'orí poʔoɾí inheritance Proto North Arawak Simplex agriculture? See Language page
Tariana puáli 'forno' puáli 'forno' oven inheritance Simplex agriculture? See Language page
Wapishana warakʰ-ĩĩ-apʰa-kʰiẓai warakʰ-ĩĩ-apʰa-kʰiẓai (IDS, stove?) stove unique Derived cook-REFL?-NMLZ?-place? agriculture? See Language page
Baniwa póali póali inheritance Proto North Arawak Simplex agriculture? See Language page
Achagua huáli huáli inheritance agriculture? See Language page
Piapoco pùali pùali agriculture? See Language page
Kabiyari puri puɾi agriculture? See Language page
Mandawaka há:li há:li agriculture? See Language page
Ignaciano ['hurunu] From Span. 'horno'. See Language page
Trinitario [hoono] From Span. 'horno'. Note articulation of /h/, where Spanish does not pronounce the 'h'. See Language page
Cha'palaa ['urnu] From Span. 'horno'. See Language page
Bora úlleba ɯ́tʃepa inheritance agriculture? See Language page
Muinane jɨ́goba (W97) xɨ́goba agriculture? See Language page
Apalai aitopo aitopo unknown agriculture? See Language page
Wayana ëlinat ǝlinat unknown agriculture? See Language page
Makiritare hüta:di (KH) (means 'griddle, skillet') hɨta:di (KH) unknown agriculture? See Language page
Mapoyo tari tari [loan Warekena?] agriculture? See Language page
Waimiri Atroari axinjaty aʃiɲatɨ agriculture? See Language page
Muisca bugun βuγun agriculture? See Language page
Epena -- agriculture? See Language page
Páez chila tʃila agriculture? See Language page
Máku wači agriculture? See Language page
Ashuar jakách xakaʧ agriculture? See Language page
Yuhup b'ɔkʔáh agriculture? See Language page
Nadëb/Roçado dialect aʃi:ra, japøn, haʃeːr (para torrar farinha) unknown agriculture? See Language page
Ingá kallana kaʎana agriculture? See Language page
Napo Lowland Quichua callana kaʎana agriculture? See Language page
Quechua Ayacuchano kallana kaʎana agriculture? See Language page
Sáliva puhlihu puʔliʔu doubtful loan Arawak, e.g. Piapoco puali agriculture? See Language page
Carapana ataro ataɾɔ agriculture? See Language page
Makuna gataro gatalo inheritance agriculture? See Language page
Tanimuca hõ'tia hõ'tia inheritance agriculture? See Language page
Koreguaje so'kova soʔkhoba unknown agriculture? See Language page
Siona soto të'qui soto tɨʔki inheritance agriculture? See Language page
Wayampi yãpɛ̃ ('that is round') jãpɛ̃ ('that is round') inheritance agriculture? See Language page
Chiriguano ᵐbuyape-i-ᵐbo-yɨ-ka unique agriculture? See Language page
Paraguayan Guaraní t-ata-kua agriculture? See Language page
Sirionó mbae reisa (P85) mbae reisa unknown agriculture? See Language page
Ocaina taháánhfi taʔã́ã́ʔɸi unique agriculture? See Language page
Murui Witoto sibe θibe (B83) unknown agriculture? See Language page
Záparo kawshima paraka kawʃima paraka agriculture? See Language page
Cavineña pabejerere (C&L89) pabeherere unknown agriculture? See Language page
Central Aymara jiwk´illita [xurnu] agriculture? See Language page
Movima [horno] agriculture? See Language page
Mocoví l-ḳatel-aʁan-aʁaki Lit. '3p possessor-bake-intrans-enclosure'. See Language page
Pilagá l-a'wo-ʁon-aʁaki Lit. '3pp-bake-intrans.-enclosure'. See Language page
Toba l-ḳatel-aʁan-aʁaki Lit. 3p possessor-bake-intrans-enclosure (nom)'. See Language page
Lengua maɬik agriculture? See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité yama-maɬik agriculture? See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet pan apɬaŋkok; namaaɬek agriculture? See Language page
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay [woyo]'hi From Span. 'bollo'. See Language page
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja -kalanati ~ -kyalanati (f.) agriculture? See Language page
Maca #NAME? Subterranean oven. See Language page
Nivaclé #NAME? The root of the word is yukuwe 'bread'. See Language page
Ayoreo -- agriculture? See Language page
Mapudungun [rono] From Span. 'horno'. See Language page
Tehuelche 'pekˀ agriculture? See Language page
Lokono búddali buddali cassava-baking pan DeGoeje 1928:108
Kariña arìnatu ariʔnatu baking-plate Courtz 2007:240