Hunter-Gatherer Language Database

bullet ant, lesser giant hunter ant

Semantic Field: flora-fauna
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish: conga, hormiga yanabe (Colombia), isula (Peru), Hormiga Veinticuatro
Meaning Portuguese: tocandira

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Language	Linnean Name	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Etymology Notes	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Range of Term	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	Classifier	Classifier Notes	Hypernym	Source	Association with Social Categories	Ritual/Mythologically Significant	Ritual Notes	Food Source	Food Notes	Medicinal	Medicinal Notes	How Collected	Who Collects	How Prepared	Psychotropic	Psychotropic Notes	Traded	Trade Notes	Distribution	Habitat	Dangerous	Ethnobiology Notes	Species Notes	General Notes

Language	Linnean Name	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Etymology Notes	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	Classifier	Classifier Notes	Source	Ritual/Mythologically Significant	Food Source	Medicinal	Psychotropic	Traded	Dangerous	General Notes
Achagua	Paraponera clavata	manée	manée		inheritance								See Language page
Aguaruna	Paraponera clavata	yutúi	jutúi		inheritance		must be loan INTO Napo Quechua; other varieties have transparent compound forms						See Language page
Akawaio	Paraponera clavata	kanggaruumö	kaŋgarumö		unknown	Akawaio, Pemon	shared Pemon						See Language page	2	0	0	0	0	yes
Araona	Paraponera clavata		malo										See Language page
Ashuar	Paraponera clavata	yutuí	jutui										See Language page
Ayoreo	Paraponera clavata		dii'ti										See Language page
Baniwa	Paraponera clavata	mánee, ttoowiápa	mánee, t̪oowiápa		inheritance	Proto-Arawak (North and South)		Also t̪oowiápa	uncoded				See Language page	2	0	0	0	0	yes
Bora	Paraponera clavata	túúpámy- (T98)	tʰɯ́ɯ́pʰámj-		inheritance								See Language page
Candoshi-Shapra	Paraponera clavata	lliizi (brown one), kanáashiríbi (black one)	ntʃiʂi, kanáaʃiɾimpi		unique								See Language page
Carapana	Paraponera clavata	peta	pɛta										See Language page
Carijona	Paraponera clavata	iráki 'tocandira' (M2000)	iráki 'tocandira' (M2000)		inheritance								See Language page	2	0	0	0	0	yes
Cavineña	Paraponera clavata	bona											See Language page
Cha'palaa	Paraponera clavata		'ɲami										See Language page
Cofán	Paraponera clavata	congi, ono	koŋgi										See Language page							phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS
Dâw	Paraponera clavata	wʉʉ̀w	wɨ̂w		inheritance				underived				See Language page	2	0	0	0	0	yes
Epena	Paraponera clavata		hẽ'saa										See Language page
Ese Ejja	Paraponera clavata		šeme										See Language page
Hodï	Paraponera clavata	uli inëdi (bullent ant), jyo (black army ant) (Zent 05)			unique				uncoded				See Language page	2	0	0	0	0	yes
Huambisa	Paraponera clavata	yutui	jutui										See Language page
Hup	Paraponera clavata	wǐw	wǐw		inheritance				underived				See Language page	2	0	0	0	0	yes
Ingá	Paraponera clavata	iana añangu	jana aɲangu (lit. 'black ant'?)										See Language page
Iquito	Paraponera clavata	musanícuaa (Paraponera clavata)	musanícuaa (Paraponera clavata)		inheritance								See Language page
Kabiyari	Paraponera clavata	máne	máne										See Language page
Kakataibo	Paraponera clavata		ku'tiṣ̌										See Language page
Kakua	Paraponera clavata	kʉ̌j'	~hùab		inheritance				underived				See Language page	2	0	0	0	0	yes
Kanamarí	Paraponera clavata	hak	hak	tucandeira (formiga)									Magalhães 2018:356
Kariña	Paraponera clavata	juku	juku	lesser giant hunting ant									Courtz 2007:288						yes
Karitiana	Paraponera clavata	nõpiowojo, nõpi	nõpiowojo, nõpi		unknown								See Language page
Kokama	Paraponera clavata	tucanɨra	tukanɨɾa		inheritance								See Language page
Koreguaje	Paraponera clavata	jñata	ɲ̥ata		inheritance								See Language page
Macaguan	Paraponera clavata	títbit	títbit		unknown				uncoded				See Language page	2	0	0	0	0	yes
Maihiki	Paraponera clavata	ñata aguɨ, bai aguɨ, yabio ago	ɲata agɨ, bai agɨ, jabio ago		inheritance	West Tukanoan		Also bai, jabio	uncoded		ago	ago = feminine animate	See Language page	2	0	0	0	0	yes
Makiritare	Paraponera clavata	ya:kö (KH) (means 'large ant')	ja:kə (KH)		inheritance								See Language page
Mapoyo	Paraponera clavata	mi'sakë; sauko (flying ant)	mi'sakɛ; sauko (flying ant)										See Language page
Matses	Paraponera clavata	shëdë	ʃɨdɨ		unknown								See Language page
Mosetén-Chimané	Paraponera clavata		a'yuša										See Language page
Muinane	Paraponera clavata	tɨ́ɨ́fomogai (W97)	tɨ́ɨ́ɸomogai										See Language page
Murui Witoto	Paraponera clavata	omocɨ	omokɯ (B83)		inheritance								See Language page
Nadëb/Rio Negro dialect	Paraponera clavata		wɯːw										See Language page
Nadëb/Roçado dialect	Paraponera clavata		wɯːw		inheritance								See Language page
Napo Lowland Quichua	Paraponera clavata	yuturi	jutuɾi										See Language page
Ninam	Paraponera clavata	species not clarified	ʃĩo, kotʃe		missing			both forms inherited	uncoded				See Language page	2	0	0	0	0	yes
Nukak	Paraponera clavata	wãb (Cabrera et al)			inheritance				uncoded				See Language page	2	0	0	0	0	yes
Ocaina	Paraponera clavata	am̈oonxo	am:õõxo		inheritance								See Language page
Paresi	Paraponera clavata	menae	menae		inheritance								See Language page
Pemon	Paraponera clavata	irak (A1981); kangkaruuma (E1980)	iɾak; kaŋkaruʔma (E1980)		inheritance			Also kaŋkaruʔma (E1980)					See Language page	2	0	0	0	0	yes
Piapoco	Paraponera clavata	mané	mané										See Language page
Páez	Paraponera clavata	gnueñandi	wẽɲandi										See Language page
Resígaro	Paraponera clavata	mané (Seifart11)	mané (Seifart11)		inheritance				missing				See Language page	2	0	0	0	0	yes
Sanumá	Paraponera clavata	ʃio, kutʃiaka	ʃio, kutʃiaka		missing			(both species unknown)	uncoded				See Language page	2	0	0	0	0	yes
Secoya	Paraponera clavata	ñata	ñãta										See Language page
Shipibo-Konibo	Paraponera clavata		βona										See Language page
Southern Pastaza Quechua	Paraponera clavata	yana curu	jana kuɾu (lit. 'black insect')										See Language page
Tacana	Paraponera clavata		bona										See Language page
Tanimuca	Paraponera clavata	pã'ta 'ka; 'kãka	pã'ta 'ka; 'kãka		inheritance								See Language page
Tariana	Paraponera clavata	máne	máne		inheritance	Proto-Arawak (North and South)			uncoded				See Language page	2	0	0	0	0	yes
Taushiro	Paraponera clavata	acha´cus	aʃaʔkus										See Language page
Tikuna	Paraponera clavata	to-ê (Alv44)	toʔɨ		unique								See Language page
Tiriyó	Paraponera clavata	irakə ('very large ant sp.')	irakə		inheritance								See Language page
Waorani	Paraponera clavata	bodæ			unique				uncoded				See Language page	2	0	0	0	0	yes
Wari	Paraponera clavata	topitak (Sousa2009)	topitak (Sousa2009)										See Language page
Wayampi	Paraponera clavata	tukãngɨ (G89)	tukãngɨ (G89)		inheritance								See Language page
Wayana	Paraponera clavata	ilak	ilak		inheritance								See Language page
Yabarana	Paraponera clavata		ah'naw										See Language page
Yagua	Paraponera clavata	mucado	mukado		unique								See Language page
Yanomam	Paraponera clavata	unknown species	ʃiho		missing			also koje?	uncoded				See Language page	2	0	0	0	0	yes
Yanomami	Paraponera clavata	warrior ant (not clear whether this is the same thing)	poɾe mo		missing			pore = spirit, aparition; mo= penis; note: it's said the bite can cause swelling of the penis	compound	spirit+penis			See Language page	2	0	0	0	0	yes
Yavitero	Paraponera clavata	manéjli	manéľ̥i										See Language page
Yuhup	Paraponera clavata	wíw	wíw		inheritance				underived				See Language page	2	0	0	0	0	yes
Yukpa	Paraponera clavata	kɨshasha (SM)	kɨshasha (SM)										See Language page							Phon only in source
Yukuna	Paraponera clavata	mané	mané		inheritance	Proto-Arawak (North and South)			uncoded				See Language page	2	0	0	0	0	yes
Záparo	Paraponera clavata	masawku	masawku										See Language page


Achagua
Aguaruna
Akawaio
Araona
Ashuar
Ayoreo
Baniwa
Bora
Candoshi-Shapra
Carapana
Carijona
Cavineña
Cha'palaa
Cofán
Dâw
Epena
Ese Ejja
Hodï
Huambisa
Hup
Ingá
Iquito
Kabiyari
Kakataibo
Kakua
Kanamarí
Kariña
Karitiana
Kokama
Koreguaje
Macaguan
Maihiki
Makiritare
Mapoyo
Matses
Mosetén-Chimané
Muinane
Murui Witoto
Nadëb/Rio Negro dialect
Nadëb/Roçado dialect
Napo Lowland Quichua
Ninam
Nukak
Ocaina
Paresi
Pemon
Piapoco
Páez
Resígaro
Sanumá
Secoya
Shipibo-Konibo
Southern Pastaza Quechua
Tacana
Tanimuca
Tariana
Taushiro
Tikuna
Tiriyó
Waorani
Wari
Wayampi
Wayana
Yabarana
Yagua
Yanomam
Yanomami
Yavitero
Yuhup
Yukpa
Yukuna
Záparo

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