Hunter-Gatherer Language Database

mushroom

Semantic Field: flora-fauna
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish: champiñón, hongo
Meaning Portuguese: cogumelo

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Language	Linnean Name	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Etymology Notes	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Range of Term	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	Classifier	Classifier Notes	Hypernym	Source	Association with Social Categories	Ritual/Mythologically Significant	Ritual Notes	Food Source	Food Notes	Medicinal	Medicinal Notes	How Collected	Who Collects	How Prepared	Psychotropic	Psychotropic Notes	Traded	Trade Notes	Distribution	Habitat	Dangerous	Ethnobiology Notes	Species Notes	General Notes

Language	Linnean Name	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Etymology Notes	Range of Term	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	Classifier	Source	Ritual/Mythologically Significant	Food Source	Medicinal	Psychotropic	Traded	Dangerous	General Notes
Achagua	(any edible generic)	áikuba wíba (lit. 'tree-ears')	áikuba wíba (lit. 'tree-ears')		unique								See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Aché	(any edible generic)		krãdo		unknown								See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Aguaruna	(any edible generic)	kuwísh	kuwíʃ		unique								See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Akawaio	(any edible generic)	kabiiyakkwa (cream colored), kuuwarang bana (dark brown), korgoobiichoo (fluffy), kömɨrɨsee (spiky orange-colored), aguubana (tiny), kara-gara (white)	kabijaʔkwa, kuwaraŋ bana, kɔrgobitʃo, kömɨrɨse, agubana, kara-gara	white type	unknown	Akawaio, Pemon		No generic. Also: kabiiyakkwa (cream colored), kuuwarang bana (dark brown), korgoobiichoo (fluffy), kömɨrɨsee (spiky orange-colored), aguubana (tiny)					See Language page	0	2	0	0	0	no	prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Apalai	(any edible generic)	piupiu	piupiu		unknown								See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Araona	(any edible generic)		taze										See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Ashuar	(any edible generic)	ésem, ésemp, áchim, múkush	ɯsɯm, ɯsɯmp, aʧim, musukuʃ										See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Ayoreo	(any edible generic)		puu										See Language page							Edible m. is hupa-'ŋoori, in the N̥upedo Goosodeʔ dialect.
Baniwa	(any edible generic)	keerípa, iralída	keeɻípa, iɻaɺída		inheritance			Also keeɻípa		uncoded			See Language page	0	2	0	0	0	no	prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Bora	(any edible generic)	koʔkóxɨ	koʔkóxɨ		unknown								See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Candoshi-Shapra	(any edible generic)	karapo	kaɾapo		loan		Arawak, e.g. Baniwa keerípa; cf. Inga Quechua kallamba						See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Carapana	(any edible generic)	waperiti	wapɛɾiti										See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Cavineña	(any edible generic)	hiʔi	hiʔi										See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Cayuvava	(any edible generic)		sere'enãre										See Language page							Lit. 'ear of the tree', an ear-shaped fungus growth.
Central Aymara	(any edible generic)	jach'a kalla, champi (Bertonio 1612)	sirkˀi										See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Cha'palaa	(any edible generic)		'kih'tʸutʸu										See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Chiriguano	(any edible generic)		urupe		inheritance								See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja	(any edible generic)		xlamoxlo										See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Chácobo	(any edible generic)	kono	kono		inheritance								See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Cofán	(any edible generic)	sina	sina										See Language page							phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Cubeo	(any edible generic)	chĩchi (generic term), abujutoa, cũmuchĩchi	tʃĩtʃi (generic term), abuhutoa, kũmutʃĩtʃi		unknown			Also abuɣutɔa, kũmutʃĩtʃi		uncoded			See Language page	0	2	0	0	0	no	prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Djeoromitxi	(any edible generic)	pfonini	ɸonini										See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Dâw	(any edible generic)	pâm’	pəm’		inheritance					underived			See Language page	0	2	0	0	0	no	prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Ese Ejja	(any edible generic)		ɗoo										See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Ese Ejja/Huarayo	(any edible generic)	di	di										See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Eñepa	(any edible generic)	paakaew'chareñ, panako (MM)	paakaewʔchareɲ, panako (MM)		inheritance	Unknown ('pana' shared Pemon, Eñepa)		Also paakaewʔchareɲ					See Language page	0	2	0	0	0	no	prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Hodï	(any edible generic)	yakino	aʰkilõ		unique			cf. yakino (Zent)		uncoded			See Language page	0	2	0	0	0	no	prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Huambisa	(any edible generic)	mugkura	muŋgkura										See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Hup	(any edible generic)	pǝ́b'	pǝ́b'		inheritance					underived			See Language page	0	2	0	0	0	no	prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Ignaciano	(any edible generic)		tačuma sapu										See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Ingá	(any edible generic)	kallamba											See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Iquito	(any edible generic)	jimɨ'ɨti (especie de hongo comestible que crece pegado a palos podridos)	himɨ'ɨti (especie de hongo comestible que crece pegado a palos podridos)		unknown								See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Kaingang	(any edible generic)	kamrĩ	kayɛ̃r kasakɨ										See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Kakataibo	(any edible generic)		kono; ču'rã										See Language page							Panoan kono with related meanings 'mildew, fungus'.
Kakua	(any edible generic)	~bubu	múmuɁ		unknown					reduplicated			See Language page	0	2	0	0	0	no	prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Kariña	(any edible generic)	sapipi	sapipi	mushroom									Courtz 2007:364						no
Katukina	(any edible generic)		čoamis										See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Kwazá	(any edible generic)	hahe, haheturai, iriti, kidjoro (these are names for various species of mushroom)	hahe, haheturai, iriti, kidjoro (these are names for various species of mushroom)										See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Lokono	(any edible generic)	kamarasana	kamarasana	toadstool, mushroom									Fanshawe 1949:65						no
Maca	(any edible generic)		tip-tip ɬoḳoɬokiʔ (f.)										See Language page							Means horse's penis (pointed end).
Makuna	(any edible generic)	abujutoa	abuxutoa		inheritance								See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Matses	(any edible generic)	macun	makun		unknown								See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Mocoví	(any edible generic)		šipgaḳ n-otese										See Language page							Lit. 'horse 3p possessor-glan penis'. Also waḳahɲi l-aʔt-ek, lit. 'star 3p possessor-defecate-obj (masc)'.
Mosetén-Chimané	(any edible generic)		bi'tatu										See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Movima	(any edible generic)	wolototo	wolototo										See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Muinane	(any edible generic)	tóotoba (W97)	tóotoba										See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Muisca	(any edible generic)	hua	hua										See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Nadëb/Rio Negro dialect	(any edible generic)		pǝm										See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Nadëb/Roçado dialect	(any edible generic)		pǝm		inheritance								See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Napo Lowland Quichua	(any edible generic)	ala	ala										See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Nivaclé	(any edible generic)		šta-tax										See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Northern Emberá	(any edible generic)	nee pṍo	nee pṍo										See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Ocaina	(any edible generic)	tsiixo, úvaaja	tsiixo, ɯ́βaaha		unknown								See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Paraguayan Guaraní	(any edible generic)		urupe										See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Paresi	(any edible generic)	katxibe	katʃibe		inheritance								See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Pemon	(any edible generic)	eenuura (cream colored), kwarang pana (dark brown), korköpiicha (fluffy), akuupana (tiny), kara-kara (white) (E1980)	enura, kwaraŋ pana, kɔrköpitʃa, akupana, kara-kara (E1980)	tiny mushroom species	unknown	Unknown ('pana' shared Pemon, Eñepa)		Also enura (cream colored), kwaraŋ pana (dark brown), kɔrköpitʃa (fluffy), kara-kara (white)	Narrower (mushroom sp.)	Complex	probably ? + pana		See Language page	0	2	0	0	0	no	prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Piapoco	(any edible generic)	cáli yùuwi	káli jùuwi										See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Pilagá	(any edible generic)		waḳčiɲi l-ʔat-ek										See Language page							Lit. 'star-3pp-produce fecal matter-masc. thing'.
Pumé	(any edible generic)	boɛ a											See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Páez	(any edible generic)	ujne											See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet	(any edible generic)		haapenenyeʔ										See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Secoya	(any edible generic)	cajo neñe, cone	kahɔ nɛñɛ, kɔ̃nɛ										See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Shipibo-Konibo	(any edible generic)		kono										See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Sikuani	(any edible generic)	muxuyoro (24) (generic), dowatjimuxuyono (135), iramuxuyono (246)	dowatjímuxúyonó		unknown			also dowatjimuxuyono (135), iramuxuyono (246)		uncoded			See Language page	0	2	0	0	0	no	prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Siona	(any edible generic)	tënti	tɨnti		unknown								See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Sirionó	(any edible generic)	urue; uruete	urue; uruete		inheritance								See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Tacana	(any edible generic)		si; keriri										See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Tanimuca	(any edible generic)	eʔ'toa; riho'o ri'ka (edible mushroom)	eʔ'toa; riho'o ri'ka (edible mushroom)		unknown								See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Toba	(any edible generic)		toʔolʸoʁoi										See Language page							Also waḳahɲi l-ʔat-ek, 'star 3p possessor-defecate-object (masc)'; kai-n-aton, 'horse-3p possessor-glan penis'; kai-n-adoʔo, 'horse-3p possessor-hat'; kai-n-atoina, 'horse-3p possessor-bell'.
Tukano	(any edible generic)	[no generic], eheka' [type]	[no generic], eheka' [type]		unknown				Narrower (no generic)	uncoded			See Language page	0	2	0	0	0	no	prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Tuyuka	(any edible generic)	di'ti	diʔti										See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Wai Wai	(any edible generic)	ašΦi	ašΦi		unknown								See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Waorani	(any edible generic)	dæ̃dæ̃tapæ̃			unique					uncoded			See Language page	0	2	0	0	0	no	prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Wapishana	(any edible generic)	čʰamadaru; atʰamɨn tʰain	tʃʰamadaru; atʰamɨn tʰain		unknown			Also: atʰamɨn tʰain					See Language page	0	2	0	0	0	no	prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Wari	(any edible generic)	jeiŋ (Sousa2009)	jeiŋ (Sousa2009)										See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Wayampi	(any edible generic)	ulupɛ	ulupɛ		inheritance								See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Wayana	(any edible generic)	jahja	jahja		unknown								See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Yagua	(any edible generic)	cadijay	kandixaj		unknown		cf. Ingua Quechua kallamba						See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Yaminahua	(any edible generic)		čora; kono; yõko; tarapačo										See Language page							The final example is not edible.
Yanomami	(any edible generic)	ara amou, atama, haya henakɨ, mahekomɨ, pokoramɨ, sikõmɨ asi, tohotoho (all edible)	aɾa amou, atama, haja henakɨ, mahekomɨ, pokoɾamɨ, sikõmɨ asi, tohotoho		unknown			amo=CLF associated with some mushrooms. See also atama, haja henakɨ, mahekomɨ, pokoɾamɨ, sikõmɨ asi, tohotoho (all edible)	Narrower?	underived	N+CLF	amo=CLF associated with some mushrooms (Ramirez 94)	See Language page	0	2	0	0	0	no	prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Yine	(any edible generic)		kačipɨ										See Language page							prioritize generic term that includes any edible species
Yuhup	(any edible generic)	pǝb'	pǝb'		inheritance					underived			See Language page	0	2	0	0	0	no	prioritize generic term that includes any edible species


Achagua
Aché
Aguaruna
Akawaio
Apalai
Araona
Ashuar
Ayoreo
Baniwa
Bora
Candoshi-Shapra
Carapana
Cavineña
Cayuvava
Central Aymara
Cha'palaa
Chiriguano
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja
Chácobo
Cofán
Cubeo
Djeoromitxi
Dâw
Ese Ejja
Ese Ejja/Huarayo
Eñepa
Hodï
Huambisa
Hup
Ignaciano
Ingá
Iquito
Kaingang
Kakataibo
Kakua
Kariña
Katukina
Kwazá
Lokono
Maca
Makuna
Matses
Mocoví
Mosetén-Chimané
Movima
Muinane
Muisca
Nadëb/Rio Negro dialect
Nadëb/Roçado dialect
Napo Lowland Quichua
Nivaclé
Northern Emberá
Ocaina
Paraguayan Guaraní
Paresi
Pemon
Piapoco
Pilagá
Pumé
Páez
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet
Secoya
Shipibo-Konibo
Sikuani
Siona
Sirionó
Tacana
Tanimuca
Toba
Tukano
Tuyuka
Wai Wai
Waorani
Wapishana
Wari
Wayampi
Wayana
Yagua
Yaminahua
Yanomami
Yine
Yuhup

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