Hunter-Gatherer Language Database

healer

Semantic Field: culture-mythology
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish: curandero
Meaning Portuguese: benzador, curandeiro, kumu (Tukano)

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Language	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Etymology Notes	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	General Notes	Source

Language	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Loan Source	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Etymology Notes	Word Structure	General Notes	Source
Aguaruna	iwishín, tsuwájatin	iwiʃín, tsuwáxatin								Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Apalai	oremi, uhnato	oremi, uhnato								Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Ashuar	tsuwákratin, iwishín	tsuwakratin, iwiʃin								Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Bardi	tyalŋkaŋurru			loan	areal	WW	%jalngga
Baure	weričon	weritʃon								Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Bora	čḯḯβáápeé	tʃɯ́ɯ́βáápɛέ								Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Bunuba	tyalngkangurru			inheritance
Burarra	-buburda			unique
Carapana	ataro; 'kũbũ (H&R)	ataɾɔ; 'kũbũ (H&R)								Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Cavineña	ča-ča-ne-pohi (G71)	ča-ča-ne-pohi (G71) (also means "savior")								Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Central Aymara	yatiri	jatiɾi								Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Cofán	coraga (Quechua loan from kuraka=chief)	coraɣa								phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant	See Language page
Cubeo	jʉoipõecʉ	hʉoipõɛkʉ		unique						Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Dhuwal	marrŋgity			inheritance
Djapu	marrŋgity			inheritance
Djeoromitxi	küro	køro								Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Djinang	rlaykingirniŋi			unique
Dâw	--	--								Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Ese Ejja/Huarayo	e-dosi-kia (Girard 1971)	e-dosi-kia (Girard 1971)								Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Eñepa	i'yan, piyan (MM)	iʔjan, pijan (MM)		inheritance						Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Gajirrabeng	paramanpeng			derived		WW	%wultyang	paraman 'magic'-HAVING	derived	borrowed into east as 'lightning man'
Gooniyandi	tyalngangurru			inheritance		WW	%tyalngangurru
Guayabero		pinhóʔ-in		unknown						Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Gumatj	marrŋgity			inheritance
Gupapuyngu	marrŋgity			inheritance
Gurindji	nyangunyangu			inheritance				see redup with old agent -u	complex	see redup with old agent -u
Huambisa	iwishin	iwiʃin								Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Hup	kǝd=ʔĩh	kǝd=ʔĩh								Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Ingá	iacha	iatʃa								Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Iquito	paanáana (healer; unlike siimána, doesn't cause harm)	paanáana (healer; unlike siimána, doesn't cause harm)								Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Jaru	mikanykutyi			derived				<mikany 'snake' +?	derived
Jingulu	mikanykutyi			inheritance				mikany prob re to mikinji 'snake'	complex
Kakua		pʉ̂wt		unknown						Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Karajarri	tyalŋkaŋurru			loan direction unknown		WW	%jalngga
Kariña	pyijai	pɨijai	shaman; traditional healer		Yamada 2010:797
Kija	parumanpeny			inheritance				Mir paramanpang
Maihiki	dabɨ tɨnoquɨ aguɨ (dabɨ=healer; tɨnoquɨ=to cure by touching)	dabɨ tɨnokɨ agɨ		unique						Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Mangala	mapan			loan direction unknown		WW	%maparn
Matses	nënë choquid	nɨnɨ tʃokid								Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Minica Witoto	áima, hḯ.ïdo-raïma	áima, hɯ́.ɯdo-raɯma								Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Miriwung	paramanpeng			inheritance				magincal-power HAVING	complex
Movima	lawahes-čaye-pa (physician)	lawaxes-tʃaje-pa								Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Muinane	táábúmɨnaaɸi	táábúmɨnaaɸi								Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Murui Witoto	aima	aima (B83)								Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Nadëb/Roçado dialect		səːw								Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Ngarluma	maparnkalara, maparnkarra			loan direction unknown		WW	%maparn
Nheengatu	pajé; mutawariçawa (mutawar=smoke blower, sawa=nominalizer)	paʒé; mutawaɾasa (mutawar=smoke blower, sawa=nominalizer)		inheritance						Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Nimanburru	jalngkokorr			loan	areal	WW	%jalngga
Nyangumarta	maparn			loan direction unknown		WW	%maparn
Nyikina	tyalŋkaŋurru			loan	areal	WW	%jalngga
Nyulnyul	jalngkangurr			loan	areal	WW	%jalngga
Nɨpode Witoto	manó-ri-raïma	manó-ri-raɯma								Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Ocaina	juhxaforáám̈a	hɯʔxaɸoráám̵a								Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Paresi	wayraˈtyare	wajdjaˈtjare								Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Piaroa	mErí', me'ñeuh, pɨ'ɨh	mæríɁ, meɁñeuh, pɨɁɨh								Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Pumé	čʰa-parẽ-mẽ									Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Páez	yu´tsesa, pilwe´sh									Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Rembarrnga	rakalk			loan direction unknown
Resígaro	naikogígí	naikogígí		unknown						Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Southern Pastaza Quechua	ambi siqui (ambi=poison; siqui=buttocks)	ambi siki								Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Sáliva	saicua 'curandero'	saikʷa								Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Tikuna	dju-ú-ta (Alv44); ngi1-3xe5ta5xü5 (A58)	dʒuʔúʔta; ŋiʔetaʔɨ								Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Urarina	kwičaneha-eḍza, benane	kwitʃaneha-edʒa, benane								Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Walmajarri	maparn			loan direction unknown		WW	%maparn	from Western Desert?		from Western Desert?
Wardaman	kunpilin			loan direction unknown				native doctor; also kurang; tuturrpngana -person who stabs , presumably European doctor
Warrwa	jalngkangurru			loan	areal	WW	%jalngga
Yagua	rimyura	rimjura								Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Yan-nhangu	dokta			loan	English
Yanomami	haro- ("to heal" HR94), owëh- ("to heal"HR94)	haɾo-, oʋəh-		inheritance						Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Yavitero	jinájatali	hináhatali								Refers to a lower-level healer; in RN region, most older men in a village have this capacity, and command a repertoire of healing spells. Power is primarily for good, whereas the true shaman is capable of malignant acts as well.	See Language page
Yawuru	jankangurru			loan	areal	WW	%jalngga
Yir-Yoront	wangarr+wirvw		doctor (traditional or MD)	unique				With wangarr 'ghost'
Yulparija	maparn			loan direction unknown	areal	WW	%maparn


Aguaruna
Apalai
Ashuar
Bardi
Baure
Bora
Bunuba
Burarra
Carapana
Cavineña
Central Aymara
Cofán
Cubeo
Dhuwal
Djapu
Djeoromitxi
Djinang
Dâw
Ese Ejja/Huarayo
Eñepa
Gajirrabeng
Gooniyandi
Guayabero
Gumatj
Gupapuyngu
Gurindji
Huambisa
Hup
Ingá
Iquito
Jaru
Jingulu
Kakua
Karajarri
Kariña
Kija
Maihiki
Mangala
Matses
Minica Witoto
Miriwung
Movima
Muinane
Murui Witoto
Nadëb/Roçado dialect
Ngarluma
Nheengatu
Nimanburru
Nyangumarta
Nyikina
Nyulnyul
Nɨpode Witoto
Ocaina
Paresi
Piaroa
Pumé
Páez
Rembarrnga
Resígaro
Southern Pastaza Quechua
Sáliva
Tikuna
Urarina
Walmajarri
Wardaman
Warrwa
Yagua
Yan-nhangu
Yanomami
Yavitero
Yawuru
Yir-Yoront
Yulparija

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