Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

Rembarrnga

Family
Gunwinyguan
Region
Australia
ISO 639-3
rmb
Location
-13.15°, 134.39°
Notes
Features
Flora Fauna Vocabulary
Cultural Vocabulary
Ethnographic Information
Data Sources
none


Flora Fauna Vocabulary (130)
English Spanish Portuguese Semantic Field Part of Speech Linnean Name Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Etymology Notes Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Range of Term Word Structure Word Structure Notes Classifier Classifier Notes Hypernym Source Association with Social Categories Ritual/Mythologically Significant Ritual Notes Food Source Food Notes Medicinal Medicinal Notes How Collected Who Collects How Prepared Psychotropic Psychotropic Notes Traded Trade Notes Distribution Habitat Dangerous Ethnobiology Notes Species Notes General Notes
grasshopper flora-fauna Caelifera djabburdenjhrdenjh tyappurtentyhrtentyh unique reduplicated 2 1 0 0 0 no
agile wallaby, river wallaby flora-fauna Macropus agilis djarrurdrdu tyarrurtrtu unknown “tyarra” means “head,” “tyrrkka” means “water goanna” 0 1 0 0 0 no
ant (generic) hormiga formiga flora-fauna Formicidae djabbuh tyappuh ant type unknown simplex 0 0 0 0 0 no
Australian pelican flora-fauna Pelecanus conspicillatus korlh-korlk gorlgorlk inheritance reduplicated 0 0 0 0 0 no
Australian snubfin dolphin flora-fauna Orcaella heinsohnii missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
baler shell flora-fauna Melo amphora missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
bandicoot flora-fauna Peramelemorphia tuŋkah unique 0 0 0 0 0
barn owl flora-fauna Tyto alba gorrppoh gorrppoh barn owl unknown 0 0 0 0 0 no
barramundi flora-fauna Lates calcarifer djirrmar dyirrmar unknown 1 1 0 0 0 no
bat murciélago morcego flora-fauna Chiroptera spp warrinju warrintyu bat unknown cf “warrikku” “quickly” 0 1 0 0 0 no
bindii, caltrop flora-fauna Tribulus terrestris missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
bird pajaro, ave passaro flora-fauna missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
black-breasted buzzard flora-fauna Hamirostra melanosternon biyandunggah biyanduŋkah unknown simplex 0 0 0 0 0 no
black-faced cuckoo-shrike flora-fauna Coracina novaehollandiae widju-widju widyu-widyu unknown 0 0 0 0 0 no
black-headed python flora-fauna Aspidites melanocephalus missing missing missing 0 2 0 0 0 no
black-soil yam flora-fauna Ipomoea diamantinensis missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
bloodwood flora-fauna Eucalyptus (Corymbia) bleeseri djabedj tyapety tree type unknown 0 1 1 0 0 no
blowfly maggots flora-fauna Diptera, Sarcophagidae missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
blue-tongue lizard flora-fauna Tiliqua species kurrmurluh kurrmurluh unknown simplex 0 1 0 0 0 no
blue-winged kookaburra flora-fauna Dacelo leachii gorrowkkorrow gorrowkkorrow unknown reduplicated 0 0 0 0 0 no
bluebone flora-fauna Choerodon cyanodus missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
brolga flora-fauna Grus rubicunda kordorrkko barnami loan direction unknown Ngandi/Rembarrnga WW %kurdurrku simplex 1 0 0 0 0 no
brown goshawk flora-fauna Accipiter fasciatus garrkkany garrkkany brown goshawk loan direction unknown Burarra WW %karrkiny 0 0 0 0 0 no
brush-tailed possum flora-fauna Trichosurus vulpecula missing rtuh unique 0 1 0 0 0 no
bush cockroach flora-fauna (many species) missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
bush stone-curlew flora-fauna Burhinus grallarius missing missing missing 1 0 0 0 0 no
bush tobacco flora-fauna Lobelia quadrangularis missing missing missing 0 0 0 1 0 no
bush turkey, Australian bustard flora-fauna Ardeotis australis walbburrungku walppurruŋku bustard loan Ngandi 0 1 0 0 0 no
bush yam flora-fauna Vigna lanceolata var. lanceolata missing missing missing 0 1 2 0 1 no
butterfly, moth mariposa borboleta flora-fauna Lepidoptera missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
carpet snake flora-fauna Morelia spilota kulkmoern unique 0 1 0 0 0
caterpillar flora-fauna Lepidoptera missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
catfish flora-fauna (many species) karlkki k@rnhk@rnh unknown reduplicated 0 1 0 0 0 no
centipede ciempiés centopéia flora-fauna Chilopoda, Myriapoda ngarrambal@ ŋarrampal@ loan direction unknown Wubuy simplex 0 0 0 0 0 no
channel-billed cuckoo flora-fauna Scythops novaehollandiae missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
crested pigeon flora-fauna Ocyphaps lophotes tapparr tap:arr loan direction unknown simplex 0 0 0 0 0 no
darter/cormorant flora-fauna Anhinga melanogaster, Phalacrocorax species barrakbarrak barrakbarrak darter unknown 0 1 0 0 0 no
death adder, five-minute snake flora-fauna Acanthophis praelongus missing perk loan direction unknown Dalabon 0 0 0 0 0 yes
dingo flora-fauna Canis familiaris dingo kandubbarr kandubbarr unknown 0 0 0 0 0 no
dog (camp, domestic) perro cachorro flora-fauna Canis familiaris djamu tyamu unknown simplex 0 0 0 0 0 no
duck pato pato, marreco flora-fauna Anatidae missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
dugong flora-fauna Dugon dugong missing missing missing 1 1 0 0 0 no
earthworm flora-fauna Annelida, Oligochaeta missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
emu flora-fauna Dromaius novaehollandiae wurrbbarn wurrpparn loan Yolngu WW %wurrparn simplex 2 1 2 0 0 no
fish (generic) pez peixe flora-fauna ceñ ceny inheritance simplex 0 1 0 0 0 N/A
flower flora-fauna (NA) burlu-na purlu-na unknown cf purlurl-na flesh of fish 0 0 0 0 0 no
blowfly/housefly mosca mosca flora-fauna Diptera missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
flying-fox (generic) flora-fauna (many species) warrinju warrintyu doubtful loan Yolngu Yolngu Yolngu Yolngu Yolngu Yolngu Yolngu Yolngu Yolngu Yolngu Yolngu Yolngu Yolngu Yolngu Yolngu Yolngu Yolngu Yolngu Yolngu Yolngu Yolngu Yolngu Yolngu Yolngu Yolngu Yolngu Yolngu Yolngu Yolngu Yolngu Yolngu Yolngu Yolngu Yolngu Yolngu Yolngu Yol simplex 0 0 0 0 0 no
freshwater crocodile flora-fauna Crocodylus johnstoni derrkka derrkka loan direction unknown simplex 0 0 0 0 0 no
freshwater mussel flora-fauna Velesunio wilsoni missing tyerrkert loan direction unknown Wubuy missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
freshwater prawn flora-fauna Macrobrachium rosenbergii missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
frill-necked lizard flora-fauna Chlamydosaurus kingii djangkur dyaŋkur inheritance simplex 0 1 0 0 0 no
frog (generic) flora-fauna (many species) karkman karkman loan Yolngu kark onomat -man sound suffix in Wardaman etc simplex generic for frogs and specific for green tree frog (Litoria caerulea) 0 0 0 0 0 no
galah flora-fauna Eolophus roseicapilla missing 0 0 0 0 0
turtle (generic) flora-fauna (many species) missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
ghost gum flora-fauna Eucalyptus papuana (Corymbia bella) bernbernh bernbernh unknown reduplicated 2 0 1 0 0 no
goanna (generic) or sand goanna flora-fauna Varanus spp merenh merenh unique 0 1 2 0 0 no
grass hierba, pasto capim, grama flora-fauna (NA) damul-na tamul-na unknown 0 0 0 0 0 no
grasshopper flora-fauna Orthoptera tyappurtentyhrtentyh unknown reduplicated 0 0 0 0 0
great bowerbird flora-fauna Chlamydera nuchalis missing missing missing 1 0 0 0 0 no
green ant flora-fauna Oecophylla smaragdina kayalh gayalh loan direction unknown simplex 0 2 2 0 0 no
green sea turtle flora-fauna Chelonia mydas missing missing missing 1 1 0 0 0 no
green tree snake flora-fauna Dendrelaphis punctulata missing missing missing 0 2 0 0 0 no
head/body lice flora-fauna Pediculus capitis, Pediculus humanus dort dort louse unknown simplex 0 0 0 0 0 no
horse caballo cavalho flora-fauna Equus caballus missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
hummingbird colibrí, picaflor (Peru) beija-flor flora-fauna Trochilidae berreh-berre berreh-berre loan direction unknown WW %parrir’parrir reduplicated 0 0 0 0 0 no
humpback whale flora-fauna Megaptera novaeangliae missing missing missing 1 1 0 0 0 no
insect (generic) insecto insecto flora-fauna generic missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
jabiru flora-fauna Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus kantyi kantyi loan Yolngu WW %kanytyi 0 0 0 0 0
jungle-fowl (scrub-fowl) flora-fauna Megapodius freycinet missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
kangaroo (generic) flora-fauna Macropodidae dawurr dawurr unique 2 1 0 0 0 no
land snail flora-fauna Gastropoda gakkah gakkah loan direction unknown Ngandi 0 0 0 0 0 no
magpie goose flora-fauna Anseranas semipalmata kumakkarl gumakkarl unknown simplex 0 1 0 0 0 no
military dragon flora-fauna Ctenophorus isolepis, Diporiphora spp., Lophognathus spp. missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
mosquito mosquito, zancudo mosquito, carapana flora-fauna Anopheles spp, Isoptera bolbuh polpuh unknown simplex 0 0 0 0 0 no
mud wasp, hornet flora-fauna (many species) missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
native bee flora-fauna (many species) missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
native cat flora-fauna Dasyurus missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
northern brown bandicoot flora-fauna Isoodon macrourus dunggah duŋkah unknown simplex 0 1 0 0 0 no
northern kurrajong flora-fauna Brachychiton diversifolius butbut butbut unknown reduplicated 0 1 no? 0 0 no
nut tree flora-fauna Terminalia grandifolia missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
octopus flora-fauna Octopus australis missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
pandanus palm flora-fauna Pandanus spiralis balkku balkku pandanus unknown 1 1 0 0 1 no
paperbark flora-fauna Melaleuca sericea, Melaleuca stenostachya missing katyah unknown 0 0 1 0 0 no
peaceful dove flora-fauna Geopelia placida gorlottottok gorlottottok loan direction unknown WW %kurutuk simplex 0 0 0 0 0 no
pearlshell flora-fauna Pinctada spp missing missing missing 1 1 0 0 1 no
peewee flora-fauna Gryllina cyanoleuca marlibrlib marliprlip unique reduplicated 0 0 0 0 0 no
pied butcherbird flora-fauna Cracticus nigrogularis djobboh tyoppoh butcher bird unknown simplex 0 0 0 0 0 no
pike eel flora-fauna Muraenesox arabicus missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
praying mantis, stick insects mantis religiosa louva-a-deus flora-fauna Mantodea missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
prickle bush flora-fauna Sclerolaena bicornis missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
quail (generic) flora-fauna Coturnix species, Turnix species tyurup:u tyurup:u unique 0 0 0 0 0 no
red river gum flora-fauna Eucalyptus camaldulensis missing missing missing 2 0 1 0 1 no
red-tailed black-cockatoo flora-fauna Calyptorhynchus banksi darrabiyah darrabiyah unknown simplex 0 0 0 0 0 no
riflefish, archerfish flora-fauna Toxotes chatareus missing purtuwal unique 0 1 0 0 0 no
river mangrove flora-fauna Aegicera corniculatum missing missing missing 0 0 2 0 1 no
rock fig flora-fauna Ficus brachypoda missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
sacred kingfisher flora-fauna Todiramphus sancta rolangadje rolangadye sacred kingfisher unknown 0 0 0 0 0 no
saltwater crocodile flora-fauna Crocodylus porosus missing mok:o unknown 2 2 0 0 0 yes
saltwater mussel flora-fauna Mytilidae missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
sawfish flora-fauna Pristis pectinata missing missing missing 1 0 0 0 0 yes
scorpion escorpión; alacran escorpião flora-fauna Arachnida, Scorpiones missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
shark (generic) flora-fauna Selachimorpha missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 variable
shell (generic) flora-fauna missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 1 no
short-beaked echidna flora-fauna Tachyglossus aculeatus djirrmangah battahyi unknown 0 2 0 0 0 no
snake (generic) culebra, serpiente cobra flora-fauna missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 0 N/A
snappy gum flora-fauna Eucalyptus brevifolia missing missing missing 0 0 1 0 0 no
spider araña aranha flora-fauna Arachnida, Araneae karrh-na karrh-na loan Yolngu suffixed 0 0 0 0 0 no
spinifex flora-fauna Triodia species missing missing missing 0 0 2 0 0 no
spoonbills (yellow-billed spoonbill, black-billed spoonbill) flora-fauna Platalea flavipes, Platalea regia ŋurru-didjburrk ŋurru-didyburrk royal spoonbill unknown 0 0 0 0 0 no
stingray (generic) rayas látigo, raya arraia flora-fauna Dasyatidae missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 0 variable
stripe-faced dunnart flora-fauna Sminthopsis macroura missing kityikityirtayhrtayh unique missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
sugarbag wax flora-fauna birdi pirti wax, beeswax unknown simplex 1 1 0 0 0 no
sulphur-crested cockatoo flora-fauna Cacatua galerita missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
swamp eel flora-fauna Ophisternon gutturale missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
swamp leech flora-fauna Annelida, Hirudinea balatj balaty leech unknown simplex 0 0 0 0 0 no
tawny frogmouth flora-fauna Podargus strigoides guluykkuluy guluykkuluy loan direction unknown reduplicated 0 0 0 0 0 no
termite mounds, ant hills flora-fauna Isoptera missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
termites, white-ants comején (Peru), termitas cupim flora-fauna (many species) missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
ti-tree flora-fauna Melaleuca bracteata missing missing missing 0 0 1 0 0 no
tick garrapata carrapato flora-fauna Arachnida, Acarina missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
tiger shark flora-fauna Galeocerdo cuvier missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 yes
torresian crow flora-fauna Corvus orru wahwah wahwah inheritance reduplicated 0 0 0 0 0 no
tree árbol arvore flora-fauna (NA) borloh borloh unknown simplex 0 0 0 0 0 no
waterlily flora-fauna Nymphaea macrosperma burbba purppa loan Ngandi 0 1 2 0 0 no
wattle flora-fauna Acacia difficilis missing missing missing 0 0 1 0 1 no
wedge-tailed eagle flora-fauna Aquila audax mibbarr biyangduŋkah unknown 1 0 0 0 0 no
willie wagtail flora-fauna Rhipidura leucophrys missing missing missing 1 0 0 0 0 no
witchetty grub flora-fauna (many species) missing missing missing 0 1 2 0 0 no
woma flora-fauna Aspidites ramsayii missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 0 no


Cultural Vocabulary (103)
English Spanish Portuguese Semantic Field Part of Speech Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Etymology Notes Word Structure Word Structure Notes General Notes Source
afterworld, land of dead, Heaven tierra do los muertos terra dos mortos culture-mythology missing
armband dress missing
awl subsistence tool missing
axe/stone axe hacha (de piedra) machado (de pedra) subsistence tool tyila unique
bag (string) culture-material tyerr’ loan direction unknown
bait for fishing cebo, carnada para pescar, empate (Peru) isca subsistence tool murtuh-na loan direction unknown Ritharrngu
basket (general) canasta, canasto, cesta cesto culture-material missing
body feather decorations culture-mythology missing
boomerang/throwing stick (generic) subsistence tool karlikarlih loan WW %karli
boomerang (number 7) subsistence tool missing
boomerang (small) subsistence tool missing
bowl (coolamon) culture-material missing
broom escoba vassoura culture-material missing
canoe canoa canoa transport missing
cicatrice culture-mythology missing
clapsticks culture-mythology missing
club (nulla-nulla) subsistence tool narranala REDO - noun not verb
cook food food missing
cook in earth oven food missing
damper food missing
dance (generic) culture-mythology missing
digging stick subsistence tool djakka unique
dipper (small coolamon) subsistence tool missing
dream sueño, soñar sonho, sonhar culture-mythology missing
dreaming culture-mythology tyarŋ-na unique
drone pipe culture-mythology tyarlup:u unique
fire drill subsistence tool k@rh unique
fire-saw other missing
fireplace hogar lareira other missing
firewood leña lenha other pal-na loan direction unknown Ritharrngu
fish poison barbasco, matapez (Colombia) timbó subsistence tool mop:anh unique
fish (with fish-poison) pescar con barbasco, barbasquear pescar com timbó; tinguijar food missing
fish (with line) anzuelear, pescar con linea pescar (com linha) food missing
fish (with spear) food missing
fishing line cordel/cuerda p/ pescar, sedal, tanze linha de pesca subsistence tool missing
fishtrap (permanent) subsistence tool missing
fishtrap (woven) subsistence tool missing
flour (European) food missing
flour (bush) food missing
game animal caza, animal de caza caça, animal de caça food taŋku-na loan Yolŋu
ghost (of dead person)/evil spirit espíritu malo, espíritu maligno, fantasma, demonio espirito culture-mythology maramara semantic shift
glue subsistence tool missing
grave tumba, sepultura, sepulcro sepultura, sepulcro, cova culture-mythology missing
grog food missing
hair belt dress missing
headband dress missing
healer curandero benzador, curandeiro, kumu (Tukano) culture-mythology rakalk loan direction unknown
honey miel mel food rtarta semantic shift
house (European) other missing
hunt cazar caçar food missing
initiation (circumcision) culture-mythology missing
initiation (circumcision) culture-mythology missing
knife cuchillo faca culture-material tapkan semantic shift
loincloth taparrabos, guayuco, pampanilla tanga, tapa-sexo dress missing
love song culture-mythology missing
mangrove raft transport missing
message stick culture-mythology mak loan
mortar mortero pilão subsistence tool missing
nosepeg other missing
paddle/oar remo remo transport missing
ochre culture-mythology koloŋorr7 unique
paint body, body paint pintura corporal pintura corporal culture-mythology missing
pestle pilón, mano de mortero, mazo, moledor mão de pilão subsistence tool missing
pipe for tobacco pipa cachimbo other missing
public song cycle culture-mythology missing
red paint culture-mythology marnarr unique
resin resina, brea, copal resina, brea, breu subsistence tool missing
salt sal sal food missing
shelter (native) other katyah unique
song (generic) canción, canto canção culture-mythology puŋkul loan direction unknown areal WW %pungkurl
song (for entertainment) culture-mythology missing
spear lanza lança subsistence tool tyok:olo unique
spear (fighting) subsistence tool missing
spear (fishing) subsistence tool tyimirnrtih unique?
spearthrower subsistence tool marnrturru unique
speartip subsistence tool kurlumpaŋala unique
string (from hair) culture-material missing
string (from vine) culture-material missing
sugar acculturation missing
tea food ti loan English WW tea
tobacco (European) narcotics tampak:u loan English WW tobacco
tobacco (native) narcotics missing
spirit child culture-mythology missing
wax cera cera other pirti unique
white paint culture-mythology kamunuŋkuh loan direction unknown
windbreak other missing
yandy (n) culture-material missing
school escuela escola acculturation missing
net subsistence tool missing
bottle botella garrafa acculturation missing
paper papel papel acculturation missing
corpse food kuh-na unique
chicken gallina galinha acculturation missing
tree coffin culture-mythology missing
clothing ropa roupa culture-mythology missing
skirt falda, saya, fustan, pollera saia culture-material missing
shoes zapatos sapatos dress missing
medicine narcotics missing
earth oven food missing
policeman polícia policía acculturation ŋuwahtyirr@h semantic shift
cat gato gato acculturation putyiputyi loan English WW cat
gun arma, escopeta espingarda, fusil acculturation purp:a semantic shift
hat sombero chapéu dress missing


Ethnographic Information
Current Population (speakers) Former Population Estimate Subsistence Preference Density Sedentism Ecotome Marriage Pattern Notes Source
medium HG medium mobile