Hunter-Gatherer Language Database

blowfly/housefly

Semantic Field: flora-fauna
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish: mosca
Meaning Portuguese: mosca

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Language	Linnean Name	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Etymology Notes	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Range of Term	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	Classifier	Classifier Notes	Hypernym	Source	Association with Social Categories	Ritual/Mythologically Significant	Ritual Notes	Food Source	Food Notes	Medicinal	Medicinal Notes	How Collected	Who Collects	How Prepared	Psychotropic	Psychotropic Notes	Traded	Trade Notes	Distribution	Habitat	Dangerous	Ethnobiology Notes	Species Notes	General Notes

Language	Linnean Name	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Etymology Notes	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Range of Term	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	Classifier	Classifier Notes	Source	Association with Social Categories	Ritual/Mythologically Significant	Ritual Notes	Food Source	Food Notes	Medicinal	How Collected	Who Collects	How Prepared	Psychotropic	Traded	Distribution	Habitat	Dangerous	General Notes
Achagua	Diptera	hulédiru	hulédiru		inheritance												See Language page
Aché	Diptera		beru		inheritance												See Language page
Aguaruna	Diptera	kaáp	ka:p		inheritance												See Language page
Akawaio	Diptera	weruuwee	weruwe	housefly	inheritance		Northern Carib?	cf. Tacanan *we(ře)we(ře), West Tuk were									See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Andoke	Diptera	tsihé(h) (RW52); du'nẽ 'blue fly'	tsihé(h) (RW52); duʔnẽ 'blue fly'		loan, direction unknown			Bora									See Language page
Apalai	Diptera	erere, moromoro	erere, moromoro		inheritance			cf. Tacanan *we(ře)we(ře), West Tuk were									See Language page
Arabana		maRa-malka			unique
Araona	Diptera		wele-wele-i														See Language page															A 'tábano' is weno-weno; also danabo, a black fly; and tepesi.
Ashuar	Diptera	káap	kã:p														See Language page
Ayoreo	Diptera		huu'bi														See Language page															'Horsefly' is huu'to-n̥ai, also means 'bumblebee'.
Baniwa	Diptera	doólo, dóota; tootoni (H&R92)	doólo, dóota		inheritance		Baniwa-Tariana subgroup		Also tootoni (H&R92)				uncoded				See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Bankalachi Toloim	Diptera	mo'-ni		fly	loan			Yokuts	Yowlumne mo-noi; Tinlinne mo'-ni			same	underived				C. H. Merriam 72-79, 60-465		0		0		0				0	0			no
Barasano	Diptera	bekó	bekó														See Language page
Bardi	Diptera	ŋur ŋur	ŋur ŋur		unique								reduplicated						0		0		0				0	0			no
Bardi		ngurrungurru	ngurrungurru		inheritance
Bará	Diptera		be'toa-bɨ̃														See Language page
Baure	Diptera	a'ro	a'ro		unknown			cf. TG meru									See Language page
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone	Diptera	ana-muih		Fly	inheritance	*muwi/muCpi	Numic		Stubbs 887 (2008:151)			same	phrase	ana- (sometimes in a “mosquito” word? plus 'fly'			Crapo 1976:133		0		0		0				0	0			no
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone		ana-muih, anka-muih			inheritance
Bora	Diptera	éétʰepa, tsʰïïʔéï, naʔpa	έέtʰɛpa, tsʰïïʔέï, naʔpa		unknown; loan, direction unknown			éétʰepa: loan into Resigaro; tsʰïïʔé shared Andoke									See Language page
Bunuba	Diptera	ngirrinyi	ngirrinyi		loan into protolanguage	ngirrinyi	Bunuban	Walmajarri		WW	%ngurriny		underived						0		0		0				0	0			no
Bunuba		[missing]			missing
Burarra	Diptera	muya	muya		unknown								simplex						0		0		0				0	0			no
Burarra		wurrurlul			loan			Yolngu
Cahuilla	Diptera	ʔáʔawet	ˈʔaʔawet	fly	unique							narrower (does not include “horsefly”, pi7pish)	derived	ˈʔaʔa-wet root - augmentative	no info		Seiler & Hioki 1979:21	no info	0	one of Temayewet's creatures (Seiler 1970:44)	0		no info	no info	no info	no info	0	0	All Americas	All habitats	no
Cahuilla		a'awet			unique												S&H 1979
Camsa	Diptera	ʃatsɨbiána	ʃatsɨbiána														See Language page
Carapana	Diptera	be'kóá-bɨ̃	be'kóá-bɨ̃														See Language page
Carijona	Diptera	werewere (fly) (SM)	βere'βere (?, H&R)	fly'	inheritance		Northern Carib?	cf. Tacanan *we(ře)we(ře), West Tuk were									See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Cavineña	Diptera	hewewero; da-ka-nabo; tipesi	hewewero; da-ka-nabo; tipesi														See Language page
Central Aymara	Diptera	chhichhilankha	čʰičʰilʸankʰa														See Language page
Central Sierra Miwok	Diptera	homó:košu-		fly	unique				First element homo: shared with Mip, Mins				phrase	meaning of elements unknown			Freeland & Broadbent 1960		0		0		0				0	0			no
Central Sierra Miwok		homo/:koshu-			inheritance
Cha'palaa	Diptera		'mai-'ʔama; 'lemai-ʔ'ama														See Language page
Chemehuevi	Diptera	mú·pitsI		housefly	inheritance	*muCpi-	Proto-Numic		Stubbs 887 (2008:151)			same	other complex	has -tsI Diminutive			Harrington Chemehuevi Noun List		0		0		0				0	0			no
Chemehuevi		muu/pic(i) “housefly”			loan into protolanguage, direction unknown
Chipaya	Diptera		lorakana														See Language page
Chiriguano	Diptera		ᵐberu		inheritance												See Language page
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja	Diptera		katakiʔ (f.)														See Language page
Chumash Barbareno	Diptera	ʔaxulpes		a fly	inheritance	*axulpes	Proto-Chumash		Klar 1977:86-7				phrase	meaming of elements unknown for lack of dictionary			Beeler 1978:174		0		0		0				0	0			no
Chumash Barbareno		7axulpes			inheritance												Klar 1977:87
Chumash Cruzeno		7ulupawapawA			inheritance												JPH
Chumash Ineseno	Diptera	7axunpes		fly	inheritance	*axulpes	Proto-Chumash		Klar 1977:86-7				phrase	but unanalyzable			Klar 1977:86		0		0		0				0	0			no
Chumash Ineseno		7axunpes			inheritance												Klar 1977)86
Chumash Obispeno	Diptera	tapuleqe		fly	inheritance	*axulpes	Proto-Chumash		Klar 1977:87; I don't believe this one, but she is obviously invoking metathesis				unknown				Klar 1977:87		0		0		0				0	0			no
Chumash Obispeno		tapuleqe			inheritance												Klar 1977:87
Chumash Ventureno	Diptera	7axunpes (Pinart has paopao)		fly	inheritance	*axulpes	Proto-Chumash		Klar 1977:87: Pinart form also Harrington pawapaw “flies”;, axunpes is “mosquito in Harrington III:91:0106				phrase	meaning of elements unknown			Klar 1977:87		0		0		0				0	0			no
Chumash Ventureno		-pawapaw "any fly"			inheritance												JPH
Chácobo	Diptera	ṣ̌aβina; naka	ṣ̌aβina; naka		inheritance												See Language page
Cocopa	Diptera	şxlʸmu		fly, housefly (Musa domestica)	inheritance		Proto-Yuman		Mojave thily'ahmo			same	underived				Crawford 1989		0		0		0				0	0			no
Cocopa		Sxlymu			inheritance
Cofán	Diptera	tenquén'cho	tɛ̡kɛnʔtʃo														See Language page															phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS
Comanche	Diptera	animui		housefly	inheritance	*muwi/muCi	Numic		Stubbs 887 (2008;151)			same	phrase	X-fly (ani is a different set in “mosquito”???)			Robinson & Armagost 1990:164		0		0		0				0	0			no
Comanche		anImuI			inheritance
Cubeo	Diptera	tãitébo	tãitébo		unique				May be cognat with Secoya term				uncoded				See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Cuiva	Diptera		déina-to														See Language page
Cupeño	Diptera	ku'al	ˈkuʔal	fly, bedbug	inheritance	*kuʔa-	Takic		S893 (Stubbs 2009:152), and see “flea” with same root			broader (includes other annoying insects -- but maggots in Cu. are sivuyel, not ku'al)	other complex	ˈkuʔa-l fly-npn	-ʔaʃ "pet"	possessive classifier for animals	Hill & Nolasquez 1973:162		0	Fly opens the Underworld for dead bodies (Hill & Nolasquez 1973:2)	0		no	N/A	N/A	N/A	0	0	global	diverse habitats	no
Cupeño		ku'al	[kuɁəl]		inheritance
Desano	Diptera	becapuru, be'ká-bɨ̃, bõ'bã́-bɨ̃	bekapuɾu, be'ká-bɨ̃, bõ'bã́-bɨ̃		inheritance		East Tukanoan		Also bõ'bã́-bɨ̃				uncoded				See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Dhangu	Diptera	wurruḻuḻ(')	wurruḻuḻ(')		inheritance								simplex						0		0		0				0	0			no
Dhangu		[missing]			missing
Dhay’yi	Diptera	missing			missing														0		0		0				0	0			no
Dhuwal	Diptera	wurruḻuḻ(')	guthiŋaḻi'		unknown								simplex						0		0		0				0	0			no
Dhuwal		gathiŋaḻi(')
Dhuwala		gathiŋaḻi(')			unknown
Diyari		muumuu			unique
DiyariREU		muumuu			unique
Djambarrpuyngu		muwar			unknown
Djapu		gathiŋaḻi(')			unknown
Djeoromitxi	Diptera	kuhenĩ	kuhenĩ														See Language page
Djinang	Diptera	ṉunydjirri	burli		unknown								simplex						0		0		0				0	0			no
Djinang		murruḻaḻ			doubtful loan
Dâw	Diptera	çop	cɔp		unique								underived				See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Epena	Diptera		ɨ̃'gana														See Language page															Refers to a blue fly. A 'deer fly (tábano)' is 'sĩta.
Ese Ejja	Diptera		mee-mee; bee														See Language page															Also pičeki, 'tábano'.
Ese Ejja/Huarayo	Diptera	we'we	we'we														See Language page
Esselen	Diptera	mumiru-x		fly	loan			Costanoan	compares Costanoan mumurV-(k/x)				other complex	-x classifier suffix	-x		Shaul 1988:696		0		0		0				0	0			no
Esselen		mumiru-x			loan direction unknown												Shaul 1988:696
Eñepa	Diptera	tyuwinke (IDS)	tʃuwinke (IDS)		unique												See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Gabrielino	Diptera	pi:cukwar	ˈpi:ʧukʷar	fly	unique				contains S893 and a widely-distributed first element in unique compound; contains contains Stubbs 1184 *pitti, also in “hummingbird”			same	other complex	ˈpi:ʧukʷa-r fly-npn (etymologically, ˈpi:ʧu-kʷa-r ?-grub)	-ʔaʧ "pet"	possessive classifier for animals	Harrington159, 541, 601	no info	0		0	larvae (McC 121)	0	gathered (wild)	all	often eaten raw as found (McC 121)	0	0	Global	diverse (depends on species)	no
Gabrielino		pi:cukwar			loan
Gajirrabeng	Diptera	boornoong	purnung		inheritance	purnung	Jarragan		also goonama, ngoorriny loans				underived						0		0		0				0	0			no
Gajirrabeng		boornoong			inheritance
Gooniyandi	Diptera	ngirrinyi	ngirrinyi		loan into protolanguage	ngirrinyi	Bunuban	Walmajarri		WW	%ngurriny		underived						0		0		0				0	0			no
Gooniyandi		[missing]			missing
Guayabero	Diptera	dáetʃn-it	dáetʃn-it		inheritance								uncoded				See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Gumatj	Diptera	wurruḻuḻ(')	wurruḻuḻ(')		inheritance								underived						0		0		0				0	0			no
Gupapuyngu	Diptera	wurruḻuḻ(')	wurrulhulh(7)		inheritance								simplex						0		0		0				0	0			no
Gupapuyngu		[missing]			missing
Gurindji	Diptera	warlngin	warlngin		loan			Wardaman					underived						0		0		0				0	0			no
Gurindji		walngirn			loan			Wardaman
Guugu Yimidhirr	Diptera	thabaga	thabaga		unique								underived						0		0		0				0	0
Hodï	Diptera	nɨ'nɨ			unique								uncoded				See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Huambisa	Diptera	yantsakaap, kaap	jantsaka:p, ka:p														See Language page
Hup	Diptera	j'ɨj'ɨ̌b', hǒh, wowǒw	ɟ'ɨɟ'ɨ̌b', hǒh, wowǒw		unique								reduplicated				See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Ignaciano	Diptera		čuʔe; hiki														See Language page															Latter form is 'fruit fly'.
Iipay 'Aa	Diptera	mechhaapuully		fly	unique							same	underived	mech- probably separable but meaningless			Couro & Hutcheson 1973		0		0		0				0	0			no
Iipay 'Aa		mechhaapuuly, mes-haapuuly	[məʧxaˑˈpuˑ˅ʎ], [məs xaˑˈpuˑ˅ʎ]		unknown
Ingá	Diptera	chuspi	tʃúspi (H&R)														See Language page
Iquito	Diptera	sɨnaqu'ɨraaja (sp., blue body)	sɨnak'ɨraaha (sp., blue body)		unknown												See Language page
Itonama	Diptera		kapara; o-čˀese; pururu														See Language page															Latter form is 'triangular biting fly (tábano)'.
Jabirr-Jabirr		mukany	mukany		inheritance
Jaru	Diptera	ngurriny	ngurriny		inheritance	ngurriny	Ngumpin-Yapa			WW	%ngurriny		uncoded						0		0		0				0	0			no
Jaru		ngurriny			inheritance
Jawi		noora noora	nurra nurra		inheritance
Jingulu	Diptera	yimarnnga	yimarnnga		unknown								underived						0		0		0				0	0			no
Kaingang	Diptera	ka tành (ka=mosquito; tành=to kill)	ka təɲ														See Language page
Kakataibo	Diptera		nakʷa; sia														See Language page															Latter is 'small fly'; ʔampa; puiβɨra; sa'mũ 'large fly'. Panoan nakʷa; *šio.
Kakua	Diptera	~dâlapdârap	~dâlap		unique								reduplicated				See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Kamayurá	Diptera	meirup	meirup		inheritance												See Language page
Karajarri	Diptera	bandal mana	bandal mana		unique								derived						0		0		0				0	0			no
Karajarri		rawal			inheritance			CHECK
Kariña	Diptera	verevere	verevere	fly													Courtz 2007:303														no
Karitiana	Diptera	mãrãm	mãɾãm		inheritance												See Language page
Katukina	Diptera		napɨ														See Language page
Kawaiisu	Diptera	muu-pi-ži		fly	inheritance	muwi-/muCpi	Proto-Numic		Stubbs 887 (2008:151)			same	other complex	muu-pi-ži fly-ABS-ABS			Zigmond et al.		0		0		0				0	0			no
Kawaiisu		muu-pi-zhi			loan into protolanguage, direction unknown
Kija	Diptera	purnul	purnul		inheritance	purnu	Jarragan						underived						0		0		0				0	0			no
Kija		purnu			inheritance
Kiliwa	Diptera	c?in		housefly	unique							same	underived				Mixco 1985		0		0		0				0	0			no
Kiliwa		ch7in			unknown
Kitanemuk	Diptera	picucuʔač	ˈpiʦuʦuʔaʧr	fly	inheritance		Serran		see Gab. pi:cukwar; probably a regional element here, it's in Tub “horsefly” also; contains Stubbs 1184 *pitti, also in “hummingbird”			same	other complex	ˈpiʦuʦuʔa-ʧr	-ʔacit "pet"	possessive classifier for animals	Anderton 1988:470	no info	0		0	larvae probably eaten	no info	gathered (wild)	all	no info	0	0	global	Diverse habitats	no
Kitanemuk		picucu7ach			loan
Koko-Bera	Diptera	werrpér	werrpér	fly	unique								simplex
Koreguaje	Diptera	βere, mi'a	βere, miʔa		loan; inheritance			Carijona? werewere									See Language page
Kotiria	Diptera	flies: ~khobada (Stenzel); comanairo (Waltz); wihminairo (Waltz)	kʰõmãnã (Stenzel); komanaiɾo (Waltz); wihminaiɾo (Waltz)		unique				Cognate Wanano and Piratapuyo. Also komanaiɾo, wihminaiɾo (Waltz)				uncoded				See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Kuku-Thaypan	Diptera	amang+amang	amang+amang		inheritance				reduplication				reduplicated						0		0		0				0	0			no
Kuku-Yalanji	Diptera	burul-burul	burul-burul		unique				Resembles Tjaapukay /barabara/.				reduplicated						0		0		0				0	0			no
Kurtjar	Diptera	nyeen	nyeen		loan				Loan status assumed because of failure to initial-drop; sourec language not known but cf. YYoront nhen.				underived		eeny				0		0		0				0	0			no
Kuuk Thaayorre	Diptera	ngoonto; ruurr-	ngoonto; ruurr-		unique								underived						0		0		0				0	0			no
Kwazá	Diptera	pororõtɛ	pororõtɛ														See Language page
Lake Miwok	Diptera	hakáali		fly	unique								underived				Callaghan 1965		0		0		0				0	0			no
Lake Miwok		haka/ali			unknown
Lengua	Diptera		yapa														See Language page
Lokono	Diptera	morodon	moɾodon	fly													Pet 1987:358														no	generic
Luiseño	Diptera	ku'áal	kuˈʔa:l	fly, maggot	inheritance	*kuʔa-	Takic		S893 (Stubbs 2009:152), and see “flea” with same root			broader (includes maggot)	other complex	kuˈʔa:-l fly/maggot-non.possessed.noun			Elliott 1999:405	no info	0		0		no info	N/A	N/A	N/A	0	0	global	diverse (depends on species)	no
Luiseño		kwa7a:-l, ku7a:-l			inheritance
Maca	Diptera		wexc̷iwowey (m.)														See Language page															'Mosca negra'.
Macaguan	Diptera	rin	rin		inheritance								uncoded				See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Maidu	Diptera	p'ic'ík'uk'ù		fly	loan			Wintun	Miwok? Serrano? FIND AND MAP				reduplicated	widespread form, presumably etymologically complex			Shipley 1963		0		0		0				0	0			no
Maidu		p'ic'i/k'uk'u\			loan direction unknown
Maihiki	Diptera	gana ago	gana ago		unknown			cf. Northern Emberá	Also bati				uncoded		ago	ago = feminine animate	See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Makuna	Diptera	beco	beko		inheritance												See Language page
Makushi	Diptera	ainumɨ (generic fly), turɨ' (horsefly) (SM)	ainumɨ, turɨʔ (SM)	generic fly	unique				Also turɨʔ 'horsefly'								See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Malyangapa		[missing]			missing
Mangala	Diptera	ŋurita	ŋurita		unique				rel to %NGURRINY?				underived						0		0		0				0	0			no
Mangala		purrmuru			inheritance			CHECK
Mapoyo	Diptera	werewere	werewere														See Language page
Mapudungun	Diptera		pɨl̯ɨ														See Language page															Ranquel form is pɨlɨ.
Matses	Diptera	manua	manua		unknown												See Language page
Mbabaram	Diptera	ajirr	ajirr		unique								underived						0		0		0				0	0			no
Minica Witoto	Diptera	ïníkï	ïníkï														See Language page
Miriwung	Diptera	buneng	buneng		inheritance	purnu	Jarragan						underived						0		0		0				0	0			no
Miriwung		booneng			inheritance
Mithaka		munggugu			unique
Mocoví	Diptera		lataʁaɲi														See Language page
Mojave	Diptera	thily'ahmo		type of fly (word appears in “fly swatter” so presumably includes houseflies)	inheritance		Proto-Yuman		Cocopa şxlʸmu; Yuma xaly7asmo/ Halpern 3:208			same	underived				Munro et al.1992		0		0		0				0	0			no
Mojave		thily'ahmo			inheritance
Mosetén-Chimané	Diptera		heroh'ro														See Language page
Movima	Diptera	ɗumui	ɗumui														See Language page
Mudburra		kungurlurla
Mudburra		kunama			unique
Muinane	Diptera	gíinixa	gíinixa														See Language page
Muisca	Diptera	ybsa	ɨβsa														See Language page
Murui Witoto	Diptera	ïnikï	ɯnikɯ		inheritance/Witoto												See Language page
Mutsun	Diptera	mu:muri		fly	inheritance	mu:muri, mum:uri	Costanoan		Callagan 2001:326				reduplicated	from [mumir]			Okrand 1977:131		0		0		0				0	0			no
Mutsun		mu:muri			loan direction unknown												O77:131
Máku	Diptera		lepesé														See Language page
Nadëb/Roçado dialect	Diptera		tawaræ̃h		unique												See Language page
Ngamini		munytyuRunga			doubtful loan
Ngandi	Diptera	missing			missing								missing						0		0		0				0	0			no
Ngarinyin	Diptera	nganawarra	nganawarra		inheritance	*ngarnawarra	proto-Worrorran						uncoded						0		0		0				0	0			no
Ngarluma	Diptera		purru		unknown														0		0		0				0	0
Ngarluma		guthubulgura			unique
Ngumbarl	Diptera	moogain	moogain		inheritance								underived						0		0		0				0	0			no
Ngumbarl		moogain	<moogain>		inheritance
Nheengatu	Diptera	meru	meru		inheritance		Proto-Tupi-Guarani		Reconstructed PTG Mello 2000				underived				See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Nhirrpi		[missing]			missing
Nimanburru	Diptera	mogonj	mogonj		inheritance								underived						0		0		0				0	0			no
Nimanburru		momor	momor		unique
Ninam	Diptera	rõo (EM72)	rõo (EM72)		inheritance								uncoded				See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Nisenan	Diptera	hu:, hu:no		fly (CHM has em-mă-loo-lă)	unique								underived				Uldall & Shipley 1966		0		0		0				0	0			no
Nivaclé	Diptera		ɬaf-katax														See Language page
Northern Emberá	Diptera	ĩŋgánana	ĩŋgánana; ɨ̃kʰánana (H&R)														See Language page
Northern Mangarla		purrmuru
Northern Nyangumarta		kurrikala			loan			CHECK
Northern Paiute	Diptera	mooebe		Fly	inheritance	muwi-/muCpi	Numic		Stubbs 887 (2008:151)			same	other complex	has -pi ABS			Yerington Dictionary		0		0		0				0	0			no
Northern Paiute		muibi			loan into protolanguage												SAA 1982:11
Northern Sierra Miwok	Diptera	homo:maj-y-; homom:aj-y-?		fly	inheritance		Eastern Miwokan		In Mip				compound, other complex	homo-, -y nominalizer			Callaghan 1987		0		0		0				0	0			no
Northern Sierra Miwok		homo:maj-y-, homom:aj-y- (?)			loan direction unknown
Nukak	Diptera	heno1 ni4			unique								uncoded				See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Nyangumarta	Diptera	warrayi	warrayi		unique								underived						0		0		0				0	0			no
Nyangumarta		4338			loan			Kariyarra
Nyikina	Diptera	ngirrinyi	ngirrinyi		loan			Walmajarri	NGURRINY earlier form	WW	%ngurriny		underived						0		0		0				0	0			no
Nyikina		warnminy	warnminy		inheritance
Nyulnyul	Diptera	mungun	mungun		inheritance								underived						0		0		0				0	0			no
Nyulnyul		mukiny	mukiny		inheritance
Nɨpode Witoto	Diptera	ïníkï	ïníkï														See Language page
Ocaina	Diptera	áánbeco	ã́ã́beko		unique												See Language page
Paakantyi		buḷara			unique
Pakanh	Diptera	thawa; mayi-	mayi-thawa		unknown								underived						0		0		0				0	0			no
Paraguayan Guaraní	Diptera		ᵐberu														See Language page															Cf. 'fly' (verb) 10.370.
Paresi	Diptera	holowe	holowe		inheritance												See Language page
Pemon	Diptera	werwee (E1977)	wɛrwe (E1977)		inheritance		Northern Carib?	cf. Tacanan *we(ře)we(ře), West Tuk were									See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Piapoco	Diptera	pùledèru (mosca casera)	pùledèru (mosca casera)														See Language page
Piaroa	Diptera	na'nɨeh	naɁnɨeh		unknown												See Language page
Pilagá	Diptera		waltaʁaɲi														See Language page
Pirriya		[missing]			missing
Pitta-Pitta		muki			inheritance
Plains Miwok	Diptera	hom:om:a:je-		housefly	inheritance		Eastern Miwokan		In Mins				other complex	-:a:je is suffix			Callaghan 1984		0		0		0				0	0			no
Plains Miwok		hom:om:a:je- and variants			loan direction unknown
Playero	Diptera		dáina-to														See Language page
Puinave	Diptera	tõn	tõn		unique												See Language page
Pumé	Diptera	pɨ̃rɨ̃															See Language page
Páez	Diptera	ap, finei	ap, finei; ɸĩʃ, ɸneh (H&R)														See Language page
Qawasqar	Diptera		ḳyematela														See Language page															Fi records tomatola for South QWS. Cf. 'mosquito' 03.832.
Quechua Ayacuchano	Diptera	chuspi	tʃuspi														See Language page
Rembarrnga	Diptera	missing			missing								missing						0		0		0				0	0			no
Resígaro	Diptera	heété	heété		loan			Bora	Bora έέtʰɛpa				uncoded				See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Rirratjingu		[missing]			missing
Ritharrngu	Diptera	wurruḻuḻ(')	wurrurlurl(7)		inheritance								simplex						0		0		0				0	0			no
Ritharrngu		maḻamaḻ			unknown
Salinan A	Diptera	(7)owa:tén		fly	unique		Salinan						underived				Mason 1918:122; Turner 1980:73		0		0		0				0	0			no
Salinan A		awa:te/n (A)			unknown
Salinan M	Diptera	a:we:té<		fly	unique		Salinan						underived				Mason 1918:122		0		0		0				0	0			no
Salinan M		a:we:te/H 'fly'			unknown			Mason 1918:122
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité	Diptera		yapa														See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet	Diptera		yaapa; semsek														See Language page
Sanumá	Diptera	moo (EM72)	mo:		inheritance								uncoded				See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Secoya	Diptera	sa'yaë, tëte	pe'ko														See Language page
Seri (Comcaac)	Diptera	xcoomoj		housefly	unique							same	underived				Comcaac Dictionary 583		0		0		0				0	0			no
Seri (Comcaac)		xcoomoj “housefly”			unknown
Serrano	Diptera	pi:c(i)cua7-T		fly	unique		Serran		see Gab. pi:cukwar; probably a regional element here, it's in Tub “horsefly” also; contains Stubbs 1184 *pitti, also in “hummingbird”				other complex	-t NPN			KCHill ms 2001:44		0		0		0				0	0			no
Serrano		pi:c(i)cua7-T			loan direction unknown
Shipibo-Konibo	Diptera		hošinaka														See Language page															Means a fruit fly.
Sikuani	Diptera	daina	dáina-to		inheritance								uncoded				See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Siona	Diptera	mi'a	miʔa		loan; inheritance			Carijona? werewere									See Language page
Siriano	Diptera	becámʉ́	becámʉ́														See Language page
Sirionó	Diptera	meru; aču	meru; aču		inheritance												See Language page
Southern Paiute	Diptera	mo:pitcA		fly	inheritance	muwi-/muCpi	Proto-Numic		Stubbs 887 (2008:151)			same	underived	I don't know what the tcA is!			Sapir 1930:573		0		0		0				0	0			no
Southern Paiute		mo:p:itca-tsi			loan into protolanguage
Southern Sierra Miwok	Diptera	7uc:um-		fly	inheritance		Sierra Miwokan only		See Mics 7uc:umu 'worm'				underived				Broadbent 1964:		0		0		0				0	0			no
Southern Sierra Miwok		pat:akal-ma-			inheritance
Southern Ute	Diptera	múua-vI		fly	inheritance	muwi-/muCpi	Numic		Stubbs 887 (2008:151)				unknown				Givon 1979		0		0		0				0	0			no
Southern Ute		muuavI			loan into protolanguage
Sáliva	Diptera	pulutoo	pulutoː		unknown												See Language page
Tacana	Diptera		were-were														See Language page															A large horse-fly is čara; danabo.
Tanimuca	Diptera	be'koa	be'koa		inheritance												See Language page
Tariana	Diptera	dó:lo	dó:lo		inheritance		Baniwa-Tariana subgroup						uncoded				See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Tatuyo	Diptera	be'kó'á-bɨ̃	be'kó'á-bɨ̃														See Language page
Tehuelche	Diptera		'tˀelgoʔ														See Language page
Tikuna	Diptera	murenũ	muɾenũ		unique			cf. Tupi-Guarani									See Language page
Tinigua	Diptera		hameːdosa														See Language page
Tiriyó	Diptera	werewere	werewere		inheritance			cf. Tacanan *we(ře)we(ře), West Tuk were									See Language page
Tjaapukay	Diptera	barabara	parapara	common fly	inheritance	*parapara	pYTj		To Yidiny. Resembles KYal /burulburul/				reduplicated						0		0		0				0	0			no
Toba	Diptera		lotaʁaɲi														See Language page
Trinitario	Diptera		ʔčuwe														See Language page
Trumai	Diptera	meru; meiot	meru; meiot														See Language page
Tukano	Diptera	bekoá-wɨ̃, mɨtê-po'ro	bekoá-wɨ̃, mɨtê-po'ro		inheritance		East Tukanoan		Also bõã́rã-wɨ̃				uncoded				See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Tuyuka	Diptera	be'kóa-wɨ̃	be'kóa-wɨ̃														See Language page
Tübatulabal	Diptera	pichōkisht	piʤo:ˈtiʃt	horsefly	unique				see Gabrielino ˈpi:ʧukʷar “fly”, Kitanemuk picucuʔač “fly”; some kind of regional element here. Note Maidu p'ic'ík'uk'ù			same	other complex	piʤo:ˈgiʃ-t horsefly-npn (root has historical derivation)			Hill 2010:71		0	a story character	0	Voegelin 1938:12	0				0	0	global	Diverse habitats	no
Tübatulabal		pitchookisht “horsefly”			loan direction unknown
Tümpisa Shoshone	Diptera	muipia		fly	inheritance	muwi-/muCpi	Proto-Numic		Stubbs 887 (2008:151)			same	underived				Dayley 1989:108		0		0		0				0	0			no
Tümpisa Shoshone		angipi			inheritance
Urarina	Diptera	alabeḍza	alabetʃa		unique												See Language page
Uw-Olkol	Diptera	awiny & andur; egng-	awiñ & egng-andur	fly	unique								underived						0		0		0				0	0			no
Uw-Oykangand	Diptera	antur; egng	egng-antur	fly	unique								underived						0		0		0				0	0			no
Wai Wai	Diptera	were-were	were-were		inheritance			cf. Tacanan *we(ře)we(ře), West Tuk were									See Language page
Waikhana	Diptera	ko'bãdãɨ̃	ko'bãdãɨ̃														See Language page
Waimaja	Diptera	bekʰõá	bekʰõá														See Language page
Walmajarri	Diptera	ngurriny	ngurriny		inheritance	ngurriny	Ngumpin-Yapa		also wirrika	WW	%ngurriny		underived						0		0		0				0	0			no
Walmajarri		ngurriny			inheritance
Wangkayutyuru		murrungka			inheritance
Waorani	Diptera	gobõbõ			unique								missing				See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Wapishana	Diptera	tʰaruˀbaru	tʰaruˀbaru		unknown												See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Wappo	Diptera	chíw		fly, housefly (CHM confirms 52:579)	unique				Note Yukian č'op, č'opi, *č'opa				underived				Sawyer 1965		0		0		0				0	0			no
Wappo		cHi/w			unknown
Wardaman	Diptera	warlngin	warlngin		unknown								uncoded						0		0		0				0	0			no
Wari	Diptera	tohwaraʔ (Sousa2009)	tohwaraʔ (Sousa2009)														See Language page
Warlpiri	Diptera	amenge	yumangi ~ yimangi		loan			Arandic	also yimangi; Arrernte & Kaytetye amenge				underived						0		0		0				0	0			no
Warrwa	Diptera		dumbara		unique														0		0		0				0	0
Warrwa		murnur; warnminy	warnminy		inheritance
Washo	Diptera	pú:t'e7		fly (in WPD “mosquito”, but appears in “fly swatter”)	unique								underived				Merriam 55:313; WPD		0		0		0				0	0			no
Washo		hy/:k'a			unknown												J166
Waurá	Diptera	itizi (Postigo2011)	itiʒi (Postigo2011)		unknown												See Language page
Wayampi	Diptera	mɛlu	mɛlu		inheritance												See Language page
Wayuu	Diptera		hir̃apɨ														See Language page															A small fly; a medium-sized fly is hayumɨľer̃ɨ; large fly is mer̃ɨi ~ mer̃ɨľe.
Western Mono	Diptera	muwibi		housefly	inheritance	muwi-/muCpi/	Proto-Numic		Stubbs 887 (2008:151)			same	derived		-pi		Bethel et al.:81	no info	0		0		no	N/A	N/A	N/A	0	0			no
Western Mono		muwi/bi			loan into protolanguage, direction unknown
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay	Diptera		a'tak														See Language page
Wik Ngathan	Diptera	nhaan	nhaan	fly	inheritance	ña:ni or ñi:ni	pWesternCYP (??)		Variants incl. *ñi:ñi				underived						0		0		0				0	0			no
Wintu	Diptera	xilit		fly, flies	unique								other complex				Pitkin 1985		0		0		0				0	0			no
Wintu		xilit			unknown
Worrorra	Diptera	ngarnawarra	ngarnawarra		inheritance	*ngarnawarra	proto-Worrorran						uncoded						0		0		0				0	0			no
Wunambal	Diptera		gaualyera (C40), wur.nga (V)		unique		proto-Worrorran												0		0		0				0	0			no
Yabarana	Diptera		'ɜɮeweɾɜ														See Language page
Yagua	Diptera	nuwačatu	nuwatʃatu		unique												See Language page
Yaminahua	Diptera		nãpɨ														See Language page
Yan-nhangu	Diptera	buṯthun	buṯthun		unknown								simplex						0		0		0				0	0			no
Yan-nhangu		rraypirraypi			unknown
Yandruwandha		mundjurrunga			unique
Yanomam	Diptera	mroro (EM72)	mɾoɾo		inheritance								uncoded				See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Yanomami	Diptera	mrõõ	mɾõõ		inheritance								underived				See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Yarluyandi		[missing]			missing
Yavapai	Diptera	θmpû·rka		fly n.	inheritance	*smpul	Proto-Yuman		Langdon 1979:637 FLY şlmu; (smpul “mosquito”)				unknown				Shaterian 1983		0		0		0				0	0			no
Yavapai		thmpu^:rka, thImpu^:rka	I is i subdot		unknown
Yavitero	Diptera	julétsilu	julétsilu														See Language page
Yawarrawarrka		munjurunga			unique
Yawuru	Diptera	guburru; rawal; winy; biyarrambin	guburru; rawal; winy; biyarrambin		unique								underived						0		0		0				0	0			no
Yawuru		biyarrambin	biyarrambin		inheritance
Yidiny	Diptera	barabara (TCG)	barabara (TCG)		inheritance	*parapara	pYTj		To Tjaapukay /barabara/. Resembles KYal /burulburul/				reduplicated						0		0		0				0	0			no
Yine	Diptera		xemxerne; yowini														See Language page
Yir-Yoront	Diptera	nhen	nhen		inheritance	*ñi:ni	local		problematic				underived						0		0		0				0	0			no
Yokuts Palewyami	Diptera	b'onitskai		fly	inheritance	*p'an'isk'aj ??	Yokutsan		Callaghan 2001:326,			same	other complex	*p'an “world” ... in Yawdanchi (Kroeber 1907:237)			Kroeber 1961:205		0		0		0				0	0			no
Yokuts Palewyami		b'onitskai			unknown												K 1963
Yokuts Yawdanchi	Diptera	p'anuckai		fly	inheritance	*p'an'isk'aj ??	Yokutsan		Callaghan 2001:326			same	phrase	p'an world K 1907:237			Kroeber 1961:205		0		0		0				0	0			no
Yokuts Yawdanchi		mumai “blowfly” 242	A w/ umlaut		loan into protolanguage, direction unknown												K07:242
Yokuts Yowlumne	Diptera	g'amâca		fly	inheritance	*k'ama:šiɂ/aɂ	Nim-Yokuts		Golla 1964:62				unknown				Kroeber 1961:205		0		0		0				0	0			no
Yokuts Yowlumne		moon'ay N44W			loan direction unknown												K 1963
Yuki	Diptera	č'o:pe F		fly	inheritance	č'op, č'opi, *č'opa ?	Yukian		Schlichter 1985; note Wappo chiw “fly, housefly”				underived				Sawyer & Schlichter 1984		0		0		0				0	0			no
Yuki		ch'o:pe, ch'op, ch'opi			inheritance												S&S 1984
Yukpa	Diptera	kɨyaku (fly) (SM)	kɨyaku (fly) (SM); kɨjã́ku, eréji (H&R)														See Language page															Phon only in source
Yukuna	Diptera	jamu'uná, jamo'oná	hamuʔuná, hamoʔoná		unique								uncoded				See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Yuma	Diptera	xaly7asmo/		Fly	inheritance		Proto-Yuman		Cocopa şxlʸmu				unknown				Merriam 61:465, Halpern 3:208		0		0		0				0	0			no
Yuma		xaly7asmo/ H3:208			inheritance
Yuruti	Diptera	'wĩ́ĩjã	'wĩ́ĩjã														See Language page


Achagua
Aché
Aguaruna
Akawaio
Andoke
Apalai
Arabana
Araona
Ashuar
Ayoreo
Baniwa
Bankalachi Toloim
Barasano
Bardi
Bardi
Bará
Baure
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone
Bora
Bunuba
Bunuba
Burarra
Burarra
Cahuilla
Cahuilla
Camsa
Carapana
Carijona
Cavineña
Central Aymara
Central Sierra Miwok
Central Sierra Miwok
Cha'palaa
Chemehuevi
Chemehuevi
Chipaya
Chiriguano
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja
Chumash Barbareno
Chumash Barbareno
Chumash Cruzeno
Chumash Ineseno
Chumash Ineseno
Chumash Obispeno
Chumash Obispeno
Chumash Ventureno
Chumash Ventureno
Chácobo
Cocopa
Cocopa
Cofán
Comanche
Comanche
Cubeo
Cuiva
Cupeño
Cupeño
Desano
Dhangu
Dhangu
Dhay’yi
Dhuwal
Dhuwal
Dhuwala
Diyari
DiyariREU
Djambarrpuyngu
Djapu
Djeoromitxi
Djinang
Djinang
Dâw
Epena
Ese Ejja
Ese Ejja/Huarayo
Esselen
Esselen
Eñepa
Gabrielino
Gabrielino
Gajirrabeng
Gajirrabeng
Gooniyandi
Gooniyandi
Guayabero
Gumatj
Gupapuyngu
Gupapuyngu
Gurindji
Gurindji
Guugu Yimidhirr
Hodï
Huambisa
Hup
Ignaciano
Iipay 'Aa
Iipay 'Aa
Ingá
Iquito
Itonama
Jabirr-Jabirr
Jaru
Jaru
Jawi
Jingulu
Kaingang
Kakataibo
Kakua
Kamayurá
Karajarri
Karajarri
Kariña
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Katukina
Kawaiisu
Kawaiisu
Kija
Kija
Kiliwa
Kiliwa
Kitanemuk
Kitanemuk
Koko-Bera
Koreguaje
Kotiria
Kuku-Thaypan
Kuku-Yalanji
Kurtjar
Kuuk Thaayorre
Kwazá
Lake Miwok
Lake Miwok
Lengua
Lokono
Luiseño
Luiseño
Maca
Macaguan
Maidu
Maidu
Maihiki
Makuna
Makushi
Malyangapa
Mangala
Mangala
Mapoyo
Mapudungun
Matses
Mbabaram
Minica Witoto
Miriwung
Miriwung
Mithaka
Mocoví
Mojave
Mojave
Mosetén-Chimané
Movima
Mudburra
Mudburra
Muinane
Muisca
Murui Witoto
Mutsun
Mutsun
Máku
Nadëb/Roçado dialect
Ngamini
Ngandi
Ngarinyin
Ngarluma
Ngarluma
Ngumbarl
Ngumbarl
Nheengatu
Nhirrpi
Nimanburru
Nimanburru
Ninam
Nisenan
Nivaclé
Northern Emberá
Northern Mangarla
Northern Nyangumarta
Northern Paiute
Northern Paiute
Northern Sierra Miwok
Northern Sierra Miwok
Nukak
Nyangumarta
Nyangumarta
Nyikina
Nyikina
Nyulnyul
Nyulnyul
Nɨpode Witoto
Ocaina
Paakantyi
Pakanh
Paraguayan Guaraní
Paresi
Pemon
Piapoco
Piaroa
Pilagá
Pirriya
Pitta-Pitta
Plains Miwok
Plains Miwok
Playero
Puinave
Pumé
Páez
Qawasqar
Quechua Ayacuchano
Rembarrnga
Resígaro
Rirratjingu
Ritharrngu
Ritharrngu
Salinan A
Salinan A
Salinan M
Salinan M
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet
Sanumá
Secoya
Seri (Comcaac)
Seri (Comcaac)
Serrano
Serrano
Shipibo-Konibo
Sikuani
Siona
Siriano
Sirionó
Southern Paiute
Southern Paiute
Southern Sierra Miwok
Southern Sierra Miwok
Southern Ute
Southern Ute
Sáliva
Tacana
Tanimuca
Tariana
Tatuyo
Tehuelche
Tikuna
Tinigua
Tiriyó
Tjaapukay
Toba
Trinitario
Trumai
Tukano
Tuyuka
Tübatulabal
Tübatulabal
Tümpisa Shoshone
Tümpisa Shoshone
Urarina
Uw-Olkol
Uw-Oykangand
Wai Wai
Waikhana
Waimaja
Walmajarri
Walmajarri
Wangkayutyuru
Waorani
Wapishana
Wappo
Wappo
Wardaman
Wari
Warlpiri
Warrwa
Warrwa
Washo
Washo
Waurá
Wayampi
Wayuu
Western Mono
Western Mono
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay
Wik Ngathan
Wintu
Wintu
Worrorra
Wunambal
Yabarana
Yagua
Yaminahua
Yan-nhangu
Yan-nhangu
Yandruwandha
Yanomam
Yanomami
Yarluyandi
Yavapai
Yavapai
Yavitero
Yawarrawarrka
Yawuru
Yawuru
Yidiny
Yine
Yir-Yoront
Yokuts Palewyami
Yokuts Palewyami
Yokuts Yawdanchi
Yokuts Yawdanchi
Yokuts Yowlumne
Yokuts Yowlumne
Yuki
Yuki
Yukpa
Yukuna
Yuma
Yuma
Yuruti

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