Hunter-Gatherer Language Database

Ngumbarl

Family: Nyulnyulan
Region: Australia
ISO 639-3: XXX
Location: -17.54°, 122.43°
Notes
Features: Basic Vocabulary
Flora Fauna Vocabulary
Cultural Vocabulary
Ethnographic Information

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Data Sources: none

Basic Vocabulary (186)

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English	Spanish	Portuguese	Semantic Field	Part of Speech	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Etymology Notes	General Notes	Source

English	Spanish	Portuguese	Semantic Field	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Etymology Code	Loan Source
1pl.excl	nosotros (exclusivo)	nós (exclusivo)	grammar			missing
1pl.incl	nosotros (inclusivo)	nós (inclusivo)	grammar	yarreedee	<yarreedee>	inheritance
1sg	yo	eu	grammar	ngai, ngaia	ngay(a)	inheritance
2pl	ustedes	vocês	grammar	koorrgarda, yinnara	<koorrgarda, yinnara>	inheritance
2sg	xx	xx	grammar	joo, jooa	juwa	inheritance
3pl	ellos/ellas	eles/elas	grammar	tchammin, yeeramulla	jamin, yirrmala	inheritance
3sg	el/ella	ele/ela	grammar	ginying	kinyingk	inheritance
above	encima, arriba	acima	location	kalboo baaloo goon	<kalboo baaloo goon>	inheritance
again	de nuevo, otra vez	de novo	grammar			missing
alive				meejala maaboo, noonja	mijala mabu	semantic shift
all	todo	todos	other	manja, yarreedee	<manja, yarreedee>	unknown
and	y	e	grammar			missing
ankle	tobillo	tornozelo	body	nemedee, nimardee	nimirdi	semantic shift
armpit	axila, sobaco	axila	body	nimbarrama	nimbarrama	inheritance
ashamed	xx	xx	mental			missing
ashes	xx	xx	environment	yoola, kajjoorda	kajurda	inheritance
at	en, a	em, a	location	-kun	-kun	inheritance
back	espalda	costas	body	nēlgun	niyalgun	inheritance
bad	mal	mal	quality	lalgar	<lalgar>	semantic shift
belly	barriga	barriga	body	noongoo	noongoo	inheritance
below	abajo, debajo	abaixo	location	jinbin	<jinbin>	inheritance
big	grande	grande	quality	weedoo	<weedoo>	doubtful loan
bite	morder	morder	body	moor, moonboongai	<moor, moonboongai>	unknown
black	negro	preto	colour	rerrga, koorrba	<rerrga, koorrba>	unknown
blood	sangre	sangue	body	koorurr	kururr	inheritance
blow	soplar	soprar	body			inheritance
blunt	xx	xx	quality	noombo, noomboo neelirr	<noombo, noomboo neelirr>	inheritance
bone	hueso	osso	body	kanjee	kanyji	inheritance
boomerang	xx	xx	manufacture	lanjee	<lanjee>	semantic shift
breast	pecho, seno	peito	body	ningamboo	ningambu	semantic shift
breathe	respirar	respirar	body	ngeerurr	ŋirurr	unknown
burn	quemar	queimar	environment	noorogoon wanma	<noorogoon wanma>	inheritance
chew	masticar, mascar	mastigar	body	kabboo	<kabboo>	semantic shift
child	niño, niña	criança	human	wooba	wuba	inheritance
climb	subir	subir	motion	laggal	<laggal>	inheritance
cloud	nube	nuvem	environment	ngoombal	<ngoombal>	unknown
cold	frío	frio	quality	binja, beenja	<binja, beenja>	inheritance
come	venir	vir	motion	Bowna, kallamboo inja	<Bowna, kallamboo inja>	inheritance
cook	cocinar	cozinhar	impact	wandumbulla	wandumbala	unknown
count	contar	contar	mental			missing
cry	llorar	chorar	mental	wangooroo	waŋkurru	inheritance
cut	xx	xx	impact	noondin wangara	<noondin wangara>	unique
die/be dead	morir	morrer	state	jillalee ngarring	<jillalee ngarring>	unknown
dig	cavar	cavar	impact	woditch	<woditch>	unknown
dingo/wolf			fauna	yeela meeda	yila mida	semantic shift
dirty	sucio	sujo	quality	boondoor	<boondoor>	semantic shift
dream	soñar	sonhar	mental	boogarree	<boogarree>	loan into protolanguage	Pama-Nyungan
drink	beber, tomar	beber	body	woola gabboo, woola kabboo	woola gabboo, woola kabboo	semantic shift
dry	seco	seco	quality	weejool beerrmal	<weejool beerrmal>	inheritance
dust	polvo	poeira	environment	joolbarra	<joolbarra>	inheritance
ear	oreja	orelha	body	neelabub	nilabab	inheritance
earth/soil	tierra	terra	environment	booroo	<booroo>	inheritance
eat	comer	comer	body	cabboo, kabboo	kabu	inheritance
egg	huevo	ovo	fauna	laggooroo	laggooroo	inheritance
eye	ojo	olho	body	neemee, nyeemee	nimi	inheritance
faeces	heces, mierda, excremento, estiércol	fezes	body			missing
fall	caer	cair	motion			missing
far	lejos	longe	quality	marragup	<marragup>	inheritance
fat/grease	grasa	gordura	body	lēda	liida	inheritance
father	padre, papá	pai	kinship	eebala	ibala	inheritance
fear	miedo	medo	mental	wajja	<wajja>	inheritance
feather	pluma	pena	fauna	jallowa, jallow	<jallowa, jallow>	inheritance
fire	fuego	fogo	environment	bundaring	<bundaring>	unknown
fish	xx	xx	fauna	wallee	warli	inheritance
flow	fluir	fluir	motion	yoongurdeej	<yoongurdeej>	unique
flower	flor	flor	environment	nyeemarr	<nyeemarr>	unique
fly	volar	voar	motion			missing
fog	niebla, neblina	nevoeira, bruma, neblina	environment	weedoo lammamun	<weedoo lammamun>	unique
foot	pie	pé	body	nimbal	nimbal	inheritance
fruit	fruta	fruta	flora	mai	<mai>	inheritance
good	bueno	bom	quality	maaboo	mabu	inheritance
grow	crecer	crescer	state	yeega dowin, beendain	<yeega dowin, beendain>	unique
hair (of head)	cabello	cabelo	body	baaloo	balu	inheritance
hand	mano	mão	body	neemala	nimala	inheritance
head	cabeza	cabeça	body	nalma, nalm	nalm	inheritance
hear	oír	ouvir	mental	milla munk, meela gurra	<milla munk, meela gurra>	inheritance
heavy	pesado	pesado	quality	deeoo, inbunding	<deeoo, inbunding>	semantic shift
hide	esconder	esconder	motion	mimmagooloo	<mimmagooloo>	inheritance
hit	golpear, pegar	bater	impact	nalma indalm nowloo	<nalma indalm nowloo>	inheritance
hit (with hand)	xx	xx	impact	weeraboo, weerab, weerab wanji	<weeraboo, weerab, weerab wanji>	doubtful loan
hold	correr, asegurar, sostener	segurar	other	ngabbooganda	<ngabbooganda>	inheritance
how?	como	como	grammar			missing
if	si	se	grammar			missing
in/inside	dentro, adentro	dentro	location			missing
intestines	intestinos	intestinos	body	noongoo	nungu	semantic shift
itch	hormiguear, sentir comezón	coçar	body	tchabboo tchabboo	jabu	inheritance
kill	matar	matar	impact	jillellee inma, m?k	<jillellee inma, m?k>	inheritance
know/be knowledgeable	saber, conecer	saber, conhecer	mental	neela	<neela>	inheritance
lake	lago	lago	environment	kalung-unja, jarra wai, woola manja, jargora *diacritic	<kalung-unja, jarra wai, woola manja, jargora *diacritic>	unique
laugh	reír	rir	mental	jooa woora	<jooa woora>	unique
leaf	hoja	folha	environment	wirrgin, beeramal	<wirrgin, beeramal>	inheritance
left/left hand	izquierdo	esquerdo	location/body	neemala ngalgarraman	nimala	inheritance
leg/foot	pierna	perna	body	nimmardee	nimardi	inheritance
lie down	acostarse, echarse	deitar	motion	wallar	<wallar>	unique
lightning	rayo, relámpago	relampago	environment	wal-ng?ree	<wal-ng?ree>	unique
liver	hígado	figado	body	kabir	kabir	inheritance
long	largo	comprido, longo	quality	yeewarla	<yeewarla>	inheritance
louse	piollo, piojo	piolho	fauna	ballool	balul	inheritance
lung	pulmón	pulmão	body	barrja	barrja	semantic shift
man/male	hombre	homem	human			inheritance
meat/flesh	carne	carne	fauna	wallee	<wallee>	inheritance
moon	luna	lua	environment	meerijal, koonyool	<meerijal, koonyool>	inheritance
mother	madre, mamá	mãe	kinship	beebee	bibi	inheritance
mouth	boca	boca	body	neelerr	neelerr	inheritance
name	nombre	nome	human	nyillowel	nyilawil	inheritance
nape	base del cuello, nuca	nuca	body	nimmana	nimana	inheritance
near/close	cerca de	perto	quality	Lannee mai yareera marrin	<Lannee mai yareera marrin>	unique	Yawuru?
neck	cuello	pescoço	body	nimmana	nimana	inheritance
new	nuevo	novo	quality	maaboo	<maaboo>	inheritance
night	noche	noite	time	ngoomberra, ngoora weedee, ngoombereeda	<ngoomberra, ngoora weedee, ngoombereeda>	inheritance
no/not	no	não	grammar	maaloo	<maaloo>	inheritance
nose	nariz	nariz	body	neemalul	nimalal	inheritance
old	viejo	velho	quality	tabboolyoo, tchabboolyoo	<tabboolyoo, tchabboolyoo>	inheritance
one	uno	um	number	warrinjarree	<warrinjarree>	inheritance
open/uncover	abrir	abrir	other			missing
other	otro	outro	grammar	warrin, warrain	<warrin, warrain>	inheritance
pain/painful/sick	dolor, doloroso, enfermo	dor, doloroso, doente	body	dardal	dardal	unique
person/human being	persona	pessoa	human	womba	wamba	inheritance
pimple	xx	xx	body	tchoolngoor yeega	<tchoolngoor yeega>	unique
rain	lluvia	chuva	environment	woolainbul	<woolainbul>	inheritance
red	rojo	vermelho	colour	doggul, dogul, doogul	<doggul, dogul, doogul>	unique
right/right hand	derecha	direita	location/body	neemala pandoorngun	neemala pandoorngun	inheritance
road/path	camino	caminho	manufacture	maggoor	<maggoor>	inheritance
roof	xx	xx	manufacture	[absent]		missing
root	raíz	raiz	flora	nimmarunga	<nimmarunga>	inheritance
rotten	podrido	podre	quality	karrail	<karrail>	unique
sand	arena	areia	environment	burnda, joolburra	<burnda, joolburra>	inheritance
say	decir	dizer	mental			inheritance
scratch	rascar	rasgar	impact	tchabboo-tchabboo	<tchabboo-tchabboo>	unique
see	ver	ver	mental	minjalla, nganjalla, jalla	<minjalla, nganjalla, jalla>	inheritance
sharp	afilado, filudo, filoso	afiado	quality	neelirr	<neelirr>	semantic shift
shoot	tirar, disparar, balear	atirar	impact			missing
short	corto	curto	quality	rooburoo	<rooburoo>	inheritance
shoulder	hombro	ombro	body	koondeejan	koondeejan	inheritance
sit	sentar(se)	sentar	state	annee meejala	animijala	inheritance
skin	piel	pele	body	beererr, birrerr	beererr, birrerr	unique
sky	cielo	céu	environment	kalboo, koorrwal	<kalboo, koorrwal>	inheritance
sleep	dormir	dormir	body	koolin	kulin	inheritance
small	pequeño	pequeno	quality	oobarda, oobardoo	<oobarda, oobardoo>	inheritance
smell (tr/intr)	xx	xx	body	Yangee banjo	<Yangee banjo>	inheritance
smoke	humo	fumaça	environment	boorgoon, marrja, ngool ngool	<boorgoon, marrja, ngool ngool>	inheritance
spit	escupir	cuspir	body			missing
split	partir, dividir	rachar, dividir, partir	impact	kal warrara	<kal warrara>	unique
squeeze	estrujar, exprimir	espremer	impact	kool yo wangara	<kool yo wangara>	unique
stab/pierce	apuñalar, acuchillar	apunhalar	impact	yingarrin mungoorl goon, jarrbangoojarra	<yingarrin mungoorl goon, jarrbangoojarra>	inheritance
stand	estar de pié	ficar em pé	state	yalgoo, yaalgoo	<yalgoo, yaalgoo>	inheritance
star	estrella	estrela	environment	koonyool	<koonyool>	inheritance
steal	robar	roubar	other	wangalainbee, ingalaimbee	<wangalainbee, ingalaimbee>	inheritance
stone	piedra	pedra	environment	ngarril	<ngarril>	unique
suck	chupar	chupar	body			missing
sun	sol	sol	time	roomarra, walga	rumarra	inheritance
sweat	sudar	suor, suar	body	noondoor, noondur	noondoor, noondur	inheritance
swell	hincharse	inchar	body			missing
swim	nadar	nadar	motion	kallooree yananginna	<kallooree yananginna>	inheritance
tail	cola, rabo	rabo	body			missing
that	ese/esa	esse	grammar	nyamba, kamba, ginya	<nyamba, kamba, ginya>	inheritance
thick	grueso, gordo, espeso	grosso	quality			missing
thin	delgado	fino	quality	weera	<weera>	unique
think	pensar	pensar	mental			missing
this	este/esta	este	grammar	nyamba	<nyamba>	inheritance
three	tres	tres	number	koordidee	<koordidee>	unknown
throat	garganta	garganta	body	longura, langura	longura, langura	inheritance
throw	tirar, lanzar	atirar, jogar	impact	mungoorl goon	mungurl	inheritance
thunder	truenos	trovão	environment	naia	<naia>	unique
tie up/fasten	atar, amarrar	amarrar	impact	wonboora gundee	<wonboora gundee>	unique
tongue	lengua	lingua	body	nengul, neungala	nengul, neungala	inheritance
tooth	diente	dente	body	tcharringa, jarringa	jarringka	inheritance
true	xx	xx	quality	Maaloo nungarra	<Maaloo nungarra>	semantic shift
turn	girar, volter, torcer	virar	other			missing
two	dos	dois	number	koojarra	<koojarra>	inheritance
vomit	vomitar	vomitar	body			missing
walk	caminar, andar	andar	motion	yeenja	yeenja	inheritance
water	agua	agua	environment	woola, oola	<woola, oola>	inheritance
wet	mojado	molhado	quality	woolannee	<woolannee>	semantic shift
what?	que, qué	que	grammar	yangee	<yangee>	inheritance
when?	cuando	quando	grammar	banna	<banna>	inheritance
where?	donde	onde	grammar	janna, janna goon	<janna, janna goon>	inheritance
white	blanco	branco	colour	karrmul	<karrmul>	unique
who?	quien, quién	quem	grammar	yanga, yangee	<yanga, yangee>	inheritance
wife	esposa	esposa	kinship	jeemarree	jimarri	inheritance
wind	viento	vento	environment	wangal koolarra	wangal	inheritance
wing	ala	asa	body	jailow	<jailow>	unknown
woman/female	mujer	mulher	human	jandoo	jarndu	inheritance
work	trabajar	trabalhar	other	booragool	<booragool>	unknown
yawn	bostezar	bocejar	body	ngallerr yoongoolain	ngallerr yoongoolain	unique
yellow	amarillo	amarelo	colour	goomb?ree	<goomb?ree>	inheritance


1pl.excl
1pl.incl
1sg
2pl
2sg
3pl
3sg
above
again
alive
all
and
ankle
armpit
ashamed
ashes
at
back
bad
belly
below
big
bite
black
blood
blow
blunt
bone
boomerang
breast
breathe
burn
chew
child
climb
cloud
cold
come
cook
count
cry
cut
die/be dead
dig
dingo/wolf
dirty
dream
drink
dry
dust
ear
earth/soil
eat
egg
eye
faeces
fall
far
fat/grease
father
fear
feather
fire
fish
flow
flower
fly
fog
foot
fruit
good
grow
hair (of head)
hand
head
hear
heavy
hide
hit
hit (with hand)
hold
how?
if
in/inside
intestines
itch
kill
know/be knowledgeable
lake
laugh
leaf
left/left hand
leg/foot
lie down
lightning
liver
long
louse
lung
man/male
meat/flesh
moon
mother
mouth
name
nape
near/close
neck
new
night
no/not
nose
old
one
open/uncover
other
pain/painful/sick
person/human being
pimple
rain
red
right/right hand
road/path
roof
root
rotten
sand
say
scratch
see
sharp
shoot
short
shoulder
sit
skin
sky
sleep
small
smell (tr/intr)
smoke
spit
split
squeeze
stab/pierce
stand
star
steal
stone
suck
sun
sweat
swell
swim
tail
that
thick
thin
think
this
three
throat
throw
thunder
tie up/fasten
tongue
tooth
true
turn
two
vomit
walk
water
wet
what?
when?
where?
white
who?
wife
wind
wing
woman/female
work
yawn
yellow

Showing 1 to 186 of 186 entries

Flora Fauna Vocabulary (139)

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English	Spanish	Portuguese	Semantic Field	Part of Speech	Linnean Name	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Etymology Notes	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Range of Term	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	Classifier	Classifier Notes	Hypernym	Source	Association with Social Categories	Ritual/Mythologically Significant	Ritual Notes	Food Source	Food Notes	Medicinal	Medicinal Notes	How Collected	Who Collects	How Prepared	Psychotropic	Psychotropic Notes	Traded	Trade Notes	Distribution	Habitat	Dangerous	Ethnobiology Notes	Species Notes	General Notes

English	Spanish	Portuguese	Semantic Field	Linnean Name	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Etymology Code	Loan Source	Etymology Notes	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Word Structure	Ritual/Mythologically Significant	Food Source	Medicinal	Psychotropic	Traded	Dangerous
agile wallaby, river wallaby			flora-fauna	Macropus agilis	yalwa	yalwa	unique					underived	0	1	0	0	0	no
ant (generic)	hormiga	formiga	flora-fauna	Formicidae	leerangunna ngunna	leerangunna ngunna	unique					phrase	0	0	0	0	0	no
ant (generic)	hormiga	formiga	flora-fauna		booya	<booya>	inheritance
Australian pelican			flora-fauna	Pelecanus conspicillatus	jallingmur, tchallingmer	jallingmur, tchallingmer	inheritance					underived?	0	0	0	0	0	no
Australian snubfin dolphin			flora-fauna	Orcaella heinsohnii	pajjalburra	pajjalburra	inheritance					underived	0	0	0	0	0	no
baler shell			flora-fauna	Melo amphora			missing					missing	0	0	0	0	0	no
bandicoot			flora-fauna	Peramelemorphia		karriŋbu	unique						0	0	0	0	0
barn owl			flora-fauna	Tyto alba	tcheerwel	tcheerwel	inheritance					underived	0	0	0	0	0	no
barramundi			flora-fauna	Lates calcarifer			missing					missing	1	1	0	0	0	no
bat	murciélago	morcego	flora-fauna	Chiroptera spp	minnaminna	minyaminya	loan	Karajarri		WW	%minyaminya	reduplicated	0	1	0	0	0	no
bindii, caltrop			flora-fauna	Tribulus terrestris			missing					missing	0	0	0	0	0	no
bird	pajaro, ave	passaro	flora-fauna		wallee	warli	semantic shift		‘meat’			underived	0	0	0	0	0	no
bird	pajaro, ave	passaro	flora-fauna		wallee	warli	semantic shift
black-breasted buzzard			flora-fauna	Hamirostra melanosternon			missing					missing	0	0	0	0	0	no
black-faced cuckoo-shrike			flora-fauna	Coracina novaehollandiae			missing					missing	0	0	0	0	0	no
black-headed python			flora-fauna	Aspidites melanocephalus			missing					missing	0	2	0	0	0	no
black-soil yam			flora-fauna	Ipomoea diamantinensis			missing					missing	0	1	0	0	0	no
bloodwood			flora-fauna	Eucalyptus (Corymbia) bleeseri		ngarree burn	inheritance						0	1	1	0	0	no
blowfly maggots			flora-fauna	Diptera, Sarcophagidae	<moogain>	<moogain>	semantic shift		fly			underived	0	0	0	0	0	no
blowfly/housefly	mosca	mosca	flora-fauna	Diptera	moogain	moogain	inheritance					underived	0	0	0	0	0	no
blowfly/housefly	mosca	mosca	flora-fauna		moogain	<moogain>	inheritance
blue-tongue lizard			flora-fauna	Tiliqua species			missing					missing	0	1	0	0	0	no
blue-winged kookaburra			flora-fauna	Dacelo leachii			missing					missing	0	0	0	0	0	no
bluebone			flora-fauna	Choerodon cyanodus			missing						0	1	0	0	0	no
brolga			flora-fauna	Grus rubicunda	koordoorwain	koordoorwain	inheritance					underived	1	0	0	0	0	no
brown goshawk			flora-fauna	Accipiter fasciatus	jee babboonan	jee babboonan	unique					phrase	0	0	0	0	0	no
brush-tailed possum			flora-fauna	Trichosurus vulpecula	langoor	langoor	inheritance					underived	0	1	0	0	0	no
bush cockroach			flora-fauna	(many species)		leeree	unique						0	0	0	0	0	no
bush stone-curlew			flora-fauna	Burhinus grallarius	windeegur	windeegur	loan into protolanguage			WW	%wintuku	underived	1	0	0	0	0	no
bush tobacco			flora-fauna	Lobelia quadrangularis	gilala	gilala	doubtful loan		cf Gooniyandi			underived	0	0	0	1	0	no
bush turkey, Australian bustard			flora-fauna	Ardeotis australis	parrgurra	parrgurra	inheritance					underived	0	1	0	0	0	no
bush yam			flora-fauna	Vigna lanceolata var. lanceolata			missing					missing	0	1	2	0	1	no
butterfly, moth	mariposa	borboleta	flora-fauna	Lepidoptera	binda binda	binda binda	inheritance					reduplicated	0	0	0	0	0	no
carpet snake			flora-fauna	Morelia spilota		mandikurr	unique						0	1	0	0	0
caterpillar			flora-fauna	Lepidoptera	yoojunÕnungain	yoojunÕnungain	unique					compound?	0	0	0	0	0	no
catfish			flora-fauna	(many species)	booganool	booganool	unique					underived	0	1	0	0	0	no
centipede	ciempiés	centopéia	flora-fauna	Chilopoda, Myriapoda	rabbir-abul	rabbir-abul	inheritance					derived	0	0	0	0	0	no
channel-billed cuckoo			flora-fauna	Scythops novaehollandiae			missing					missing	0	0	0	0	0	no
crested pigeon			flora-fauna	Ocyphaps lophotes			missing					missing	0	0	0	0	0	no
darter/cormorant			flora-fauna	Anhinga melanogaster, Phalacrocorax species			missing					missing	0	1	0	0	0	no
death adder, five-minute snake			flora-fauna	Acanthophis praelongus			missing					missing	0	0	0	0	0	yes
dingo			flora-fauna	Canis familiaris dingo	yeela meeda	yeela meeda	semantic shift		dog			underived	0	0	0	0	0	no
dog (camp, domestic)	perro	cachorro	flora-fauna	Canis familiaris	yeela meeda	yeela meeda	inheritance					underived	0	0	0	0	0	no
dog (camp, domestic)	perro	cachorro	flora-fauna		yeela	yeela meeda	inheritance
duck	pato	pato, marreco	flora-fauna	Anatidae	tchibbilyooroo, jibbilyooroo	tchibbilyooroo, jibbilyooroo	semantic shift					underived	0	1	0	0	0	no
dugong			flora-fauna	Dugon dugong	koordoorngan	koordoorngan	unique					derived	1	1	0	0	0	no
earthworm			flora-fauna	Annelida, Oligochaeta	jeeraburra	jeeraburra	unique					underived	0	0	0	0	0	no
emu			flora-fauna	Dromaius novaehollandiae	winninee	winninee	inheritance			WW	%wini	reduplicated	2	1	2	0	0	no
fish (generic)	pez	peixe	flora-fauna		lammidee	lammidee	unique					underived	0	1	0	0	0	N/A
flower			flora-fauna	(NA)	nyeemarr	nyeemarr	unique					compound?	0	0	0	0	0	no
flying-fox (generic)			flora-fauna	(many species)	nimmanburroo	balŋabi	inheritance					underived	0	0	0	0	0	no
freshwater crocodile			flora-fauna	Crocodylus johnstoni	longoora	longoora	semantic shift		Saltwater	WW	%linykurra	underived	0	0	0	0	0	no
freshwater mussel			flora-fauna	Velesunio wilsoni		bukarrakulan	unique					missing	0	1	0	0	0	no
freshwater prawn			flora-fauna	Macrobrachium rosenbergii			missing					missing	0	1	0	0	0	no
frill-necked lizard			flora-fauna	Chlamydosaurus kingii			missing					missing	0	1	0	0	0	no
frog (generic)			flora-fauna	(many species)	waljaburring	waljaburring	unique					underived	0	0	0	0	0	no
galah			flora-fauna	Eolophus roseicapilla		wandalanjin	unique						0	0	0	0	0
ghost gum			flora-fauna	Eucalyptus papuana (Corymbia bella)	goonooroo, marrinyarree	goonooroo, marrinyarree	inheritance					underived	2	0	1	0	0	no
goanna (generic) or sand goanna			flora-fauna	Varanus spp	jallangurdee	jallangurdee	unique					derived	0	1	2	0	0	no
grass	hierba, pasto	capim, grama	flora-fauna	(NA)	marra	marra	loan with meaning change	Worrorra		WW	%maarra	underived	0	0	0	0	0	no
grass	hierba, pasto	capim, grama	flora-fauna		marra	<marra>	semantic shift
grasshopper			flora-fauna	Orthoptera	jinÕbala	<jinÕbala>	inheritance					underived	0	0	0	0	0	no
great bowerbird			flora-fauna	Chlamydera nuchalis		koorowel	semantic shift?						1	0	0	0	0	no
green ant			flora-fauna	Oecophylla smaragdina			missing					missing	0	2	2	0	0	no
green sea turtle			flora-fauna	Chelonia mydas			missing					missing	1	1	0	0	0	no
green tree snake			flora-fauna	Dendrelaphis punctulata			missing					missing	0	2	0	0	0	no
head/body lice			flora-fauna	Pediculus capitis, Pediculus humanus		ballool	unique						0	0	0	0	0	no
horse	caballo	cavalho	flora-fauna	Equus caballus			missing					missing	0	0	0	0	0	no
hummingbird	colibrí, picaflor (Peru)	beija-flor	flora-fauna	Trochilidae			missing					missing	0	0	0	0	0	no
hummingbird	colibrí, picaflor (Peru)	beija-flor	flora-fauna	Trochilidae	missing		missing					missing	0	0	0	0	0	no
humpback whale			flora-fauna	Megaptera novaeangliae		loolooloo	semantic shift					missing	1	1	0	0	0	no
insect (generic)	insecto	insecto	flora-fauna	generic			missing					missing	0	0	0	0	0	no
jabiru			flora-fauna	Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus			missing						0	0	0	0	0
jungle-fowl (scrub-fowl)			flora-fauna	Megapodius freycinet			missing					missing	0	1	0	0	0	no
kangaroo (generic)			flora-fauna	Macropodidae	parrjanning	parrjanning	inheritance					underived	2	1	0	0	0	no
kangaroo (generic)			flora-fauna		parrjanning	barrjaniŋ	inheritance
land snail			flora-fauna	Gastropoda			missing					missing	0	0	0	0	0	no
magpie goose			flora-fauna	Anseranas semipalmata			missing					missing	0	1	0	0	0	no
military dragon			flora-fauna	Ctenophorus isolepis, Diporiphora spp., Lophognathus spp.			missing					missing	0	0	0	0	0	no
mosquito	mosquito, zancudo	mosquito, carapana	flora-fauna	Anopheles spp, Isoptera	jinjin-boo	jinjin-boo	unique					reduplicated	0	0	0	0	0	no
mud wasp, hornet			flora-fauna	(many species)			missing					missing	0	0	0	0	0	no
native bee			flora-fauna	(many species)	ngooloo	ngooloo	unique					underived	0	0	0	0	0	no
native cat			flora-fauna	Dasyurus	jalboo	jalboo	unique					underived	0	0	0	0	0	no
northern brown bandicoot			flora-fauna	Isoodon macrourus	karringboo	karringboo	unique					underived	0	1	0	0	0	no
northern kurrajong			flora-fauna	Brachychiton diversifolius			missing					missing	0	1	no?	0	0	no
nut tree			flora-fauna	Terminalia grandifolia			missing					missing	0	1	0	0	0	no
octopus			flora-fauna	Octopus australis			missing					missing	0	0	0	0	0	no
pandanus palm			flora-fauna	Pandanus spiralis			missing					missing	1	1	0	0	1	no
paperbark			flora-fauna	Melaleuca sericea, Melaleuca stenostachya	walla munga, kanbur	walla munga, kanbur	inheritance					underived	0	0	1	0	0	no
peaceful dove			flora-fauna	Geopelia placida	jooga jooga	jooga jooga	inheritance					reduplicated	0	0	0	0	0	no
pearlshell			flora-fauna	Pinctada spp	go-arn	go-arn	inheritance					underived	1	1	0	0	1	no
peewee			flora-fauna	Gryllina cyanoleuca			missing					missing	0	0	0	0	0	no
pied butcherbird			flora-fauna	Cracticus nigrogularis	koorowel	koorowel	inheritance					underived	0	0	0	0	0	no
pike eel			flora-fauna	Muraenesox arabicus			missing					missing	0	1	0	0	0	no
praying mantis, stick insects	mantis religiosa	louva-a-deus	flora-fauna	Mantodea			missing					missing	0	0	0	0	0	no
prickle bush			flora-fauna	Sclerolaena bicornis			missing					missing	0	0	0	0	0	no
quail (generic)			flora-fauna	Coturnix species, Turnix species			missing					missing	0	0	0	0	0	no
red river gum			flora-fauna	Eucalyptus camaldulensis	kartgoo	kartgoo	inheritance					underived	2	0	1	0	1	no
red-tailed black-cockatoo			flora-fauna	Calyptorhynchus banksi	tharree-ul, darreeal	tharree-ul, darreeal	inheritance					underived	0	0	0	0	0	no
riflefish, archerfish			flora-fauna	Toxotes chatareus			missing					missing	0	1	0	0	0	no
river mangrove			flora-fauna	Aegicera corniculatum	boorrgoo	boorrgoo	unique					underived	0	0	2	0	1	no
rock fig			flora-fauna	Ficus brachypoda			missing					missing	0	1	0	0	0	no
sacred kingfisher			flora-fauna	Todiramphus sancta	lanjangin	lanjangin	unique					underived	0	0	0	0	0	no
saltwater crocodile			flora-fauna	Crocodylus porosus			missing					missing	2	2	0	0	0	yes
saltwater mussel			flora-fauna	Mytilidae	boogarragoolan	boogarragoolan	unique					compound?	0	1	0	0	0	no
sawfish			flora-fauna	Pristis pectinata			missing					missing	1	0	0	0	0	yes
scorpion	escorpión; alacran	escorpião	flora-fauna	Arachnida, Scorpiones			missing					missing	0	0	0	0	0	no
shark (generic)			flora-fauna	Selachimorpha	tcharrambul	tcharrambul	inheritance					underived	0	0	0	0	0	variable
shell (generic)			flora-fauna		goarn, reejee, banmungo, derdel gabbooga	goarn, reejee, banmungo, derdel gabbooga	inheritance					underived	0	1	0	0	1	no
short-beaked echidna			flora-fauna	Tachyglossus aculeatus	kammerangoo	kammerangoo	inheritance			WW	%kamaranginy	underived	0	2	0	0	0	no
snake (generic)	culebra, serpiente	cobra	flora-fauna		tchooroo	tchooroo	inheritance					underived	0	1	0	0	0	N/A
snake (generic)	culebra, serpiente	cobra	flora-fauna		tchooroo	jurru	inheritance
snappy gum			flora-fauna	Eucalyptus brevifolia			missing					missing	0	0	1	0	0	no
spider	araña	aranha	flora-fauna	Arachnida, Araneae	wongarra	wongarra	inheritance					underived	0	0	0	0	0	no
spider	araña	aranha	flora-fauna		wongarra	<wongarra>	inheritance
spinifex			flora-fauna	Triodia species	missing	<>	missing					missing	0	0	2	0	0	no
spoonbills (yellow-billed spoonbill, black-billed spoonbill)			flora-fauna	Platalea flavipes, Platalea regia			missing					missing	0	0	0	0	0	no
stingray (generic)	rayas látigo, raya	arraia	flora-fauna	Dasyatidae	yamburna	yamburna	inheritance		perhaps with meaning change	WW	??tyarrampu	underived	0	1	0	0	0	variable
stripe-faced dunnart			flora-fauna	Sminthopsis macroura		mijuwa	inheritance					missing	0	0	0	0	0	no
sugarbag wax			flora-fauna				missing					missing	1	1	0	0	0	no
sulphur-crested cockatoo			flora-fauna	Cacatua galerita	kallera	kallera	unique					underived	0	0	0	0	0	no
swamp eel			flora-fauna	Ophisternon gutturale			missing					missing	0	1	0	0	0	no
swamp leech			flora-fauna	Annelida, Hirudinea			missing					missing	0	0	0	0	0	no
tawny frogmouth			flora-fauna	Podargus strigoides	boorool	boorool	inheritance					underived	0	0	0	0	0	no
termite mounds, ant hills			flora-fauna	Isoptera	nyeerwa	nyeerwa	unique					underived	0	0	0	0	0	no
termites, white-ants	comején (Peru), termitas	cupim	flora-fauna	(many species)	nyeelgooroo	nyeelgooroo	unique					underived	0	0	0	0	0	no
ti-tree			flora-fauna	Melaleuca bracteata	nimmalgan, ganbur	nimmalgan, ganbur	unique					underived	0	0	1	0	0	no
tick	garrapata	carrapato	flora-fauna	Arachnida, Acarina			missing					missing	0	0	0	0	0	no
tiger shark			flora-fauna	Galeocerdo cuvier			missing					missing	0	0	0	0	0	yes
torresian crow			flora-fauna	Corvus orru	wangadee	wangadee	inheritance			WW	%wangkurri	underived	0	0	0	0	0	no
tree	árbol	arvore	flora-fauna	(NA)	baaloo	baaloo	inheritance					underived	0	0	0	0	0	no
tree	árbol	arvore	flora-fauna		baaloo	baalu	inheritance
turtle (generic)			flora-fauna	(many species)	koolibel	koolibel	inheritance					underived	0	1	0	0	0	no
waterlily			flora-fauna	Nymphaea macrosperma			missing					missing	0	1	2	0	0	no
wattle			flora-fauna	Acacia difficilis			missing					missing	0	0	1	0	1	no
wedge-tailed eagle			flora-fauna	Aquila audax	moongoonoo	moongoonoo	unique					underived	1	0	0	0	0	no
willie wagtail			flora-fauna	Rhipidura leucophrys			missing					missing	1	0	0	0	0	no
witchetty grub			flora-fauna	(many species)		tchoogurdoo	unique					missing	0	1	2	0	0	no
woma			flora-fauna	Aspidites ramsayii			missing					missing	0	1	0	0	0	no

Showing 1 to 139 of 139 entries

Cultural Vocabulary (111)

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English	Spanish	Portuguese	Semantic Field	Part of Speech	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Etymology Notes	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	General Notes	Source

English	Spanish	Portuguese	Semantic Field	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Etymology Code	Loan Source	General Notes
afterworld, land of dead, Heaven	tierra do los muertos	terra dos mortos	culture-mythology			missing
armband			dress	kundil		loan	Yawuru	or Karajarri
awl			subsistence tool			missing
axe/stone axe	hacha (de piedra)	machado (de pedra)	subsistence tool	kumbara		loan direction unknown		used yuwana; said also to mean ‘crab’ by N&W
bag (string)			culture-material	<ba:loo>		inheritance
bait for fishing	cebo, carnada para pescar, empate (Peru)	isca	subsistence tool			missing
basket (general)	canasta, canasto, cesta	cesto	culture-material			missing
body feather decorations			culture-mythology			missing
boomerang (number 7)			subsistence tool			missing
boomerang (small)			subsistence tool			missing
boomerang/throwing stick (generic)			subsistence tool	<lanjee>		semantic shift
bottle	botella	garrafa	acculturation			missing
bottom grinding stone			manufacture	[absent]		missing
bowl (coolamon)			culture-material			missing
broom	escoba	vassoura	culture-material			missing
canoe	canoa	canoa	transport	<kalwa>		semantic shift
cat	gato	gato	acculturation			missing
chicken	gallina	galinha	acculturation			missing
cicatrice			culture-mythology	moogurdal		inheritance
clapsticks			culture-mythology			missing
clothing	ropa	roupa	culture-mythology			missing
club (nulla-nulla)			subsistence tool	<nowloo>		inheritance
cook food			food	wandumbala		unique
cook in earth oven			food			missing
corpse			food	juwarri		inheritance
damper			food			missing
dance (generic)			culture-mythology	<nooloo, boorup>		inheritance
digging stick			subsistence tool	milgin		inheritance
digging stick			subsistence tool	milgin	<milgin>	inheritance
dipper (small coolamon)			subsistence tool			missing
dream	sueño, soñar	sonho, sonhar	culture-mythology	<boogarree>		inheritance
dreaming			culture-mythology			missing
drone pipe			culture-mythology			missing
earth oven			food			missing
fire drill			subsistence tool	<woobaba:loo>		missing
fire-saw			other	wupalu		unique
fireplace	hogar	lareira	other			missing
firewood	leña	lenha	other			missing
fish (with fish-poison)	pescar con barbasco, barbasquear	pescar com timbó; tinguijar	food			missing
fish (with line)	anzuelear, pescar con linea	pescar (com linha)	food			missing
fish (with spear)			food			missing
fish poison	barbasco, matapez (Colombia)	timbó	subsistence tool			missing
fishing line	cordel/cuerda p/ pescar, sedal, tanze	linha de pesca	subsistence tool			missing
fishtrap (permanent)			subsistence tool	yuliyulu		unique
fishtrap (woven)			subsistence tool	not found in area		missing
flour (bush)			food			missing
flour (European)			food	kuwatya		unique
game animal	caza, animal de caza	caça, animal de caça	food	warli		inheritance
ghost (of dead person)/evil spirit	espíritu malo, espíritu maligno, fantasma, demonio	espirito	culture-mythology	<ngarree>		inheritance
glue			subsistence tool			missing
grave	tumba, sepultura, sepulcro	sepultura, sepulcro, cova	culture-mythology	jimbin		semantic shift
grog			food			missing
gun	arma, escopeta	espingarda, fusil	acculturation			missing
hair belt			dress			missing
hat	sombero	chapéu	dress			missing
headband			dress			missing
healer	curandero	benzador, curandeiro, kumu (Tukano)	culture-mythology			missing
honey	miel	mel	food	<geerbaljoo, moonga>		inheritance
house			other	nyeerwa, nyeerrwa	<nyeerwa, nyeerrwa>	unknown
house (European)			other	<nyeerwa, nyeerrwa>		semantic shift
hunt	cazar	caçar	food	pira		unique
initiation (circumcision)			culture-mythology			missing
initiation (circumcision)			culture-mythology	mupalin		unique
knife	cuchillo	faca	culture-material	<tchindibal>		unique
loincloth	taparrabos, guayuco, pampanilla	tanga, tapa-sexo	dress			missing
love song			culture-mythology			missing
mangrove raft			transport			missing
medicine			narcotics			missing
message stick			culture-mythology			missing
mortar	mortero	pilão	subsistence tool			missing
net			subsistence tool			missing
nosepeg			other			missing
ochre			culture-mythology			missing
paddle/oar	remo	remo	transport	tyaluŋ		unique
paint body, body paint	pintura corporal	pintura corporal	culture-mythology			missing
paper	papel	papel	acculturation			missing
pestle	pilón, mano de mortero, mazo, moledor	mão de pilão	subsistence tool			missing
pipe for tobacco	pipa	cachimbo	other			missing
policeman	polícia	policía	acculturation			missing
public song cycle			culture-mythology			missing
red paint			culture-mythology	<doggul, dogul, doogul>		unknown
resin	resina, brea, copal	resina, brea, breu	subsistence tool			missing
rope/string	mecate, cuerda, soga	corda	culture	moongoo	<moongoo>	unknown
salt	sal	sal	food			missing
school	escuela	escola	acculturation			missing
shelter (native)			other	nyirrwa		inheritance
shoes	zapatos	sapatos	dress			missing
skirt	falda, saya, fustan, pollera	saia	culture-material			missing
song (for entertainment)			culture-mythology			missing
song (generic)	canción, canto	canção	culture-mythology	<nooloo>		inheritance
spear	lanza	lança	subsistence tool	mungurl		unique
spear	lanza	lança	subsistence tool	mungoorl	mungurl	inheritance
spear (fighting)			subsistence tool			missing
spear (fishing)			subsistence tool			missing
spearthrower			subsistence tool			missing
spearthrower			subsistence tool	yoongara	yungara	loan into protolanguage
speartip			subsistence tool			missing
spirit child			culture-mythology			missing
string (from hair)			culture-material	<wondongoo, ba:loo>		semantic shift
string (from vine)			culture-material			missing
sugar			acculturation			missing
tea			food			missing
tobacco (European)			narcotics	<gilala>		loan	Marrngu
tobacco (native)			narcotics			missing
top grinding stone	metate, mano; piedra de moler	metate, mano	manufacture			missing
tree coffin			culture-mythology			missing
wax	cera	cera	other			missing
white paint			culture-mythology			missing
windbreak			other			missing
winnow	aventar, tirar (sementes)	joeirar	manufacture			missing
yandy (n)			culture-material			missing

Showing 1 to 111 of 111 entries

Ethnographic Information

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Current Population (speakers)	Former Population Estimate	Subsistence Preference	Density	Sedentism	Ecotome	Marriage Pattern	Notes	Source
	small	HG	dense	sedentary		yes

Showing 1 to 1 of 1 entries