Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

neck

Semantic Field
body
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
cuello
Meaning Portuguese
pescoço

Languages

Language Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Etymology Notes General Notes Source
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone kutax “larynx, neck” inheritance
Cahuilla -qily7i inheritance S&H 1979
Central Sierra Miwok no:no- unknown
Chemehuevi kur(a) inheritance
Chumash Barbareno ni7 inheritance Klar 1977:19
Chumash Cruzeno ne inheritance Klar 1977:19
Chumash Ineseno ni7 inheritance A466 & Klar:1997:100
Chumash Obispeno ni7 inheritance Klar 1977:19
Chumash Ventureno aqnyw; note that JPY has aqlyw at 91:387 unknown Klar 1977:19
Comanche toyo, tooyO, toyopY unique
Cupeño -pava [pavə] inheritance
Esselen lulusex unknown Pinart (Heizer)
Gabrielino ne-pay-an inheritance Ataylor/MC271
Iipay 'Aa eyepuk, iipuk [əjəˈpʊk], [iˑˈpʊk] inheritance
Kawaiisu kura-vi inheritance
Kiliwa 7iypuq inheritance Mixco 1978
Kitanemuk ngohoc inheritance
Lake Miwok hele/eki inheritance
Luiseño qela/-t inheritance
Maidu k'u\ji/ inheritance
Mojave malyaqe inheritance
Nisenan k'ujsok' inheritance
Northern Paiute ggutta (Yerington), kutta (McDonald) inheritance Miller 88
Northern Sierra Miwok tok:olo:la- (front part of neck) inheritance
Plains Miwok to:pa- inheritance
Salinan A eTca:i/ (A), unknown
Salinan M ei/tc'ai' 'neck' unknown Mason 1918:126
Seri (Comcaac) yaap unknown
Serrano ngYh-YT (poss -Y7) (also “voice”) inheritance
Southern Paiute qura-S inheritance
Southern Sierra Miwok hyp:yt-:a- inheritance
Southern Ute kuravI inheritance
Tübatulabal kulaa-n inheritance
Tümpisa Shoshone kutan inheritance
Wappo hoch “front of neck” loan
Washo d-i:bu unknown K310
Western Mono ku/tA inheritance
Wintu doki loan into protolanguage, direction unknown
Yavapai mlqi/, mlqi_ inheritance
Yokuts Palewyami xingits inheritance K 1963
Yokuts Yawdanchi o\gun inheritance K07:241
Yokuts Yowlumne o'gun inheritance K 1963
Yuki li7ik'am inheritance S&H 1984
Baniwa nóoro nóoro inheritance See Language page
Carijona ihɨmɨrɨ inheritance See Language page
Cubeo ñamemu jamemu unknown See Language page
Dâw nũr-rũy  nũh-hũj unique See Language page
Desano wʉ̃nʉgʉ wɨ̃nɨgɨ inheritance shared Siriono See Language page
Eñepa -pɨmɨ- (IDS) -pɨmɨ- (IDS) inheritance See Language page
Hodï kwa unique See Language page
Waorani õdõ-bẽka unique See Language page
Hup kaʔtɨ́t kaʔtɨ́t unique See Language page
Kakua bɨ̀t- unique See Language page
Makushi uʔ-mɨ (IDS) uʔ-mɨ (IDS) inheritance See Language page
Nheengatu ayura ajuɾa inheritance See Language page
Ninam oramih (EM72) oɾamih inheritance See Language page
Nukak ʔeu4 tããʔ2 unique See Language page
Maihiki ñajetɨca ja ɲaxetɨka xã inheritance See Language page
Pemon pue, pu-mue (A1981); I'mö (M2000) pue, pumue (A1981) inheritance See Language page
Sanumá olai (EM72) olai inheritance See Language page
Sikuani koibosi (13) pe-wɨ:-sí:-to inheritance See Language page
Tariana dhinúru dʰinúru inheritance See Language page
Tukano wãbɨ̃́ta wãbɨ̃́ta inheritance See Language page
Kotiria wamʉa (Waltz) wamʉa (Waltz) inheritance E Tuk See Language page
Yanomam orafi oɾafi inheritance See Language page
Yanomami orahitho oɾahitʰo inheritance See Language page
Yukuna núrupiji núrupihi inheritance See Language page
Yuhup ʔǽd tɨ̌t ʔǽd tɨ̌t unique See Language page
Arabana [missing] missing
Bardi boda boda inheritance
Bunuba winyi unknown
Burarra manyjirda unknown
Dhangu [missing] missing
Dhuwal mayaŋ(')
Dhuwala mayaŋ(') unknown
Diyari wakarra unique
DiyariREU wunku unique
Djambarrpuyngu mayaŋ(') unknown
Djapu mayaŋ(') unknown
Djinang mani doubtful loan
Gajirrabeng jirdoowing unique NJ
Gooniyandi wirli doubtful loan
Gupapuyngu mayaŋ(') inheritance
Gurindji ngirlkirri loan Jaru
Jaru gulala unique
Jawi gurrbarl gurrbarl semantic shift
Karajarri tumpa
Kija wurlu-m unique NJ
Malyangapa burnba
Mangala piji unknown
Miriwung jirawing unique NJ
Mithaka [missing] missing
Mudburra ngujbi
Mudburra ngilkirri loan
Ngamini ngunku unique
Ngandi gu-manga unique
Ngarluma ngalyi
Ngumbarl nimmana nimana inheritance
Nhirrpi [missing] missing
Nimanburru nimany nimany inheritance
Northern Mangarla kurnankurnan
Northern Nyangumarta ngalyi inheritance
Nyangumarta ngalyi inheritance
Nyulnyul nimanj nimany inheritance
Paakantyi parnpa unique
Pirriya [missing] missing
Pitta-Pitta irlka unique
Rirratjingu [missing] missing
Ritharrngu gurluk unique
Walmajarri kangkurl loan
Wangkayutyuru [missing] missing
Wubuy arlwag unique
Yan-nhangu mani inheritance
Yandruwandha ngaga loan direction unknown
Yarluyandi [missing] missing
Yawarrawarrka jutju unique
Yawuru buda buda inheritance
Achagua wáaʃi wáaʃi unique See Language page
Piapoco canápi kanápi See Language page
Kabiyari kanhapi kanhapi See Language page
Yavitero ínu ínu See Language page
Bare hn:hnu hn:hnu See Language page
Wapishana kanaɨ kanaɨ inheritance Proto-Arawak See Language page
Mandawaka núli núli See Language page
Wayuu ta-nuľu See Language page
Yine noxi Especially back of neck. Neck of water jar is noxi-ta. *Piro-Apuriná form is *-'no-pi/ki. See Language page
Paresi ihino ihino inheritance See Language page
Ignaciano #NAME? See Language page
Trinitario -'piɣenu See Language page
Baure pi-h; ni-'pi-h; -ča'no-ki pi-h; ni-'pi-h; -tʃa'no-ki inheritance See Language page
Waurá #NAME? #NAME? inheritance See Language page
Cha'palaa 'kutu See Language page
Bora (mé)-kʰéxtʰïʔi (mέ)-kʰέxtʰɯʔi inheritance See Language page
Muinane kódááʔe kódááʔɛ See Language page
Akawaio pɨmɨ pɨ'mɨ inheritance Proto-Carib See Language page
Akawaio/Ingariko dialect pɨmɨ (SM) pɨmɨ (SM) See Language page
Apalai pymy pɨmɨ inheritance See Language page
Wayana pïmï pɨmɨ inheritance See Language page
Tiriyó pɨmɨ pɨmɨ inheritance See Language page
Makiritare hɨ̄mɨɨ (IDS) hɨ̄mɨɨ (IDS) inheritance See Language page
Wai Wai o-Φɨmɨ-rɨ o-Φɨmɨ-rɨ inheritance See Language page
Yabarana ehnɜ, waɾo'kɜɾɜni (same as throat) See Language page
Yukpa pɨmɨ (SM) See Language page
Kalapalo ifuŋu ifuŋu inheritance See Language page
Muisca gyquihicha γɨkuihiʂa See Language page
Barí aboo; aboo aidyi Colombia: boorə. *Chibchan form is *'gala. See Language page
Northern Emberá kokóta , ochirú, nrɨ̃́ mʉsí kokóta , otʃirú, nrɨ̃́ mʉsí See Language page
Epena o; o-'tau Respectively: also means 'path' 10.720; lit. 'path/neck ball/round'. See Language page
Guayabero peh kaʧa-ríama unique See Language page
Macaguan pe-wú-ʧit inheritance Central+Macaguan subgroup See Language page
Cuiva pe-usí-to, pe-wisí-to cuello, neck Huber & Reed 1992:13
Playero pe-wi-ʃí-to See Language page
Cofán tsifo tsiɸo phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS See Language page
Candoshi-Shapra yáarponich jáaɾponitʃ unique See Language page
Taushiro ayiva´hu´ ajiwaʔhuʔ See Language page
Páez tyjicj tyxikx See Language page
Tikuna nãʔa nãʔa unique See Language page
Urarina nʉlʉnʉ nʉlʉnʉ doubtful loan Arawak See Language page
Camsa tamoɕá-xa tamoɕá-xa See Language page
Andoke #NAME? #NAME? unique See Language page
Pumé gɔrɔ See Language page
Tinigua pajtʃisajtʃa (neck) See Language page
Puinave [-yə] jə unique See Language page
Ashuar kuntúj kuntux See Language page
Huambisa yasuch jasutʃ See Language page
Aguaruna kuntug, súwe kuntung, suwɨ inheritance See Language page
Nadëb/Roçado dialect rǝ:k unique See Language page
Matses tënite tɨnite inheritance See Language page
Katukina tɨpo See Language page
Shipibo-Konibo tɨ-ṣ̌o; tɨ- See Language page
Yaminahua tɨṣ̌o See Language page
Chácobo tɨ-poko tɨ-poko inheritance See Language page
Yagua jutunuvu, tunuvu xtũunuwũ, tunuwũ unique See Language page
Southern Pastaza Quechua cunga kunga See Language page
Ingá kunga kunga See Language page
Napo Lowland Quichua cunga kunga See Language page
Quechua Ayacuchano kunka kunka See Language page
Piaroa curupækæ tʃurupækæ unknown See Language page
Sáliva õcua õkua unknown See Language page
Bará wã'bɨ̃ã See Language page
Barasano ãbɨ̃ã ãbɨ̃ã See Language page
Carapana 'wã́bɨ̃́ã 'wã́bɨ̃́ã See Language page
Makuna ãmʉma; ãmʉtutu ãmɨma; ãmɨtutu inheritance See Language page
Yuruti wã'bɨ̃́ã wã'bɨ̃́ã See Language page
Waikhana wã'bɨ̃-a wã'bɨ̃-a See Language page
Siriano wɨ̃́-rɨ̃gũ wɨ̃́-rɨ̃gũ See Language page
Tanimuca wã'bũ ro'ka wã'bũ ro'ka inheritance See Language page
Tatuyo wã'bɨã wã'bɨã See Language page
Tuyuka wã'bɨã wã'bɨã See Language page
Waimaja ãmɨ̃́tʰutʰù ãmɨ̃́tʰutʰù See Language page
Koreguaje cavʉ kabʉ unique See Language page
Siona ñaje ɲahe inheritance See Language page
Secoya ñajetëcahuë ñahɛ'tɨkawɨ See Language page
Karitiana hyto hɨto unknown See Language page
Kokama yachuka jaʧuka unknown See Language page
Wayampi alɨpɨ alɨpɨ inheritance See Language page
Aché rupɨ inheritance See Language page
Chiriguano (če-)aǰu; i-(ǰ)aǰu inheritance See Language page
Paraguayan Guaraní a'ǰura See Language page
Sirionó ečosoi; eaču; eato; eati ečosoi; eaču; eato; eati inheritance See Language page
Kamayurá ˀajut ˀajut inheritance See Language page
Ocaina ñonmáánhon ɲõmã́ã́ʔõ unique See Language page
Nɨpode Witoto kïmó-kairo kɯmó-kairo See Language page
Minica Witoto kïmó-hï kɯmó-hɯ See Language page
Murui Witoto cɨmaɨ́go kɯmaɯ́go (B83) inheritance/Witoto See Language page
Iquito ríquija (also used for collar and nape of neck) ríkiha (also used for collar and nape of neck) unknown See Language page
Záparo arichakwa, imanu ariʧakʷa, imanu See Language page
Wari paramašiʔ paramaʃiʔ See Language page
Araona nala *Tacn form is *e-piti. See Language page
Ese Ejja e-piki inheritance See Language page
Ese Ejja/Huarayo e-piki e-piki See Language page
Tacana e-naha See Language page
Cavineña e-piti e-piti inheritance See Language page
Central Aymara kunka kunka See Language page
Cayuvava piæɲi; a-'boro-re ~ a-'βoro-ri See Language page
Itonama uh-pakasno 'Back of neck' is uhkamunano. See Language page
Kwazá -koko -koko See Language page
Mosetén-Chimané tœh; be'kaʔ See Language page
Movima woroʔo woroʔo See Language page
Trumai (ha) hot (ha) hot unique See Language page
Kaingang nunh #NAME? See Language page
Canela kac̷wa See Language page
Suyá buru, mburu buru, mburu See Language page
Karajá lɔti See Language page
Djeoromitxi küpfü køɸø See Language page
Chipaya ḳaši See Language page
Mocoví l-ḳosot Cf. 'throat' 04.290. See Language page
Pilagá lo-ḳosot See Language page
Toba l-ḳosot Cf. 'gill' 03.654. See Language page
Lengua #NAME? See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet eŋyespok See Language page
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay -poh'ni Refers to the front part of the neck; the back of the neck is nu'wuʔ. See Language page
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja -sapaʔ See Language page
Maca -wonxeʔ (m.) See Language page
Nivaclé -woʔ neck, nape of neck https://ids.clld.org/
Ayoreo eeta'bi See Language page
Mapudungun pel̯ Ranquel form is pel. See Language page
Qawasqar ḳyelef-ḳʰar Also Ag records kelaf-estal; and yer-kʰar, which also means 'Adam's apple'. Sk, Be record kyoɬer-kʰar; Bo records c̷aɬertar for Central QWS. Fi, Hy record c̷aɬe-kʰar for South QWS. See Language page
Selknam òhtˀ See Language page
Tehuelche 'erwerkˀn See Language page
Kanamarí -kitsam -kitʃam pescoço Magalhães 2018:352
Lokono noro(onoro) noro(onoro) neck Fanshawe 1949:69
Kariña a'sawo aʔsawo neck Yamada 2010:719