Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

Gajirrabeng

Family
Jarakan
Region
Australia
ISO 639-3
gdh
Location
0.00°, 0.00°
Notes
Features
Basic Vocabulary
Flora Fauna Vocabulary
Cultural Vocabulary
Ethnographic Information
Data Sources
none


Basic Vocabulary (185)
English Spanish Portuguese Semantic Field Part of Speech Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Etymology Notes General Notes Source
above encima, arriba acima location gendeng loan Ngarinyin
again de nuevo, otra vez de novo grammar beri inheritance
all todo todos other X unique
and y e grammar X missing
ankle tobillo tornozelo body X
armpit axila, sobaco axila body woontheng unique
ash ceniza(s) cinzas environment boonang loan Ngarinyin
at en, a em, a location m inheritance
back espalda costas body ngagaj unique NJ
bad mal mal quality gerlbegang unique NJ
belly barriga barriga body ngaroong
below abajo, debajo abaixo location yiligi inheritance
big grande grande quality ngerrgebiyab
bite morder morder body boo unique
black negro preto colour thegoobeli-
blood sangre sangue body garrngan unique NJ
blow soplar soprar body boomib inheritance
boil/pimple espinilla, granos espinha, borbulha body boorlgeng unique ?NJ
bone hueso osso body yarriny inheritance
breast pecho, seno peito body ngabeleng loan NGY
breathe respirar respirar body ngany inheritance
burn quemar queimar environment jagabbe unique
chew masticar, mascar mastigar body jang inheritance
child niño, niña criança human woolooleng inheritance
climb subir subir motion berdin inheritance
cloud nube nuvem environment ngoomelng inheritance
cold frío frio quality warnka inheritance
come venir vir motion dooloolb unique
cook cocinar cozinhar impact nalib unique
correct/true verdad, de veras verdade quality yijeng inheritance
count contar contar mental X
cry llorar chorar mental nyurrinybe inheritance
cut/hack cortar cortar impact gad inheritance
day día dia time X
die/be dead morir morrer state dijbel unique
dig cavar cavar impact goorraj loan Jaminjung
dingo/wolf fauna jimirrang inheritance
dirty sucio sujo quality X
dream soñar sonhar mental gooning inheritance
drink beber, tomar beber body gurl inheritance
dry seco seco quality dilboo inheritance
dull/blunt sin filo, mocho, desafilado, embotado, romo maçante, desamolado, não afiado quality thalboong unique NJ
dust polvo poeira environment joordoong loan NGY
ear oreja orelha body ngarnderrang unique NJ
earth/soil tierra terra environment yalwang unique
eat comer comer body jangab inheritance
egg huevo ovo fauna gerdewoolng inheritance
eye ojo olho body moorlng inheritance
faeces heces, mierda, excremento, estiércol fezes body googeng unique NJ
fall caer cair motion berdbaj unique
far lejos longe quality marrim inheritance
fat/grease grasa gordura body meloonggeng inheritance
father padre, papá pai kinship ngabang inheritance
fear miedo medo mental jilba inheritance
feather pluma pena fauna minjalng inheritance
fire fuego fogo environment marneng inheritance
fish xx xx fauna goondarring inheritance
flow fluir fluir motion X missing
flower flor flor environment thawaleng inheritance
fly volar voar motion birrwaroo unique
fog niebla, neblina nevoeira, bruma, neblina environment yandalng unique
foot pie pé body yambalng inheritance
fruit fruta fruta flora maying inheritance
good bueno bom quality ngoondengi- unique NJ
grow crecer crescer state namoo unique
hair (of head) cabello cabelo body yambarrang inheritance
hand mano mão body marlang loan NGY
3sg el/ella ele/ela grammar nawoo inheritance
head cabeza cabeça body gemerndeng unique
hear oír ouvir mental rangka inheritance
heavy pesado pesado quality dinymerrng unique NJ
hide esconder esconder motion woorlaj unique NJ
hit golpear, pegar bater impact deb unique NJ
hold correr, asegurar, sostener segurar other roo unique
how? como como grammar gawoob inheritance
1sg yo eu grammar genya inheritance
if si se grammar X
in/inside dentro, adentro dentro location wootheb unique
intestines intestinos intestinos body jarembelng unique
itch hormiguear, sentir comezón coçar body yirr unique
kill matar matar impact deb unique
know/be knowledgeable saber, conecer saber, conhecer mental mil unique NJ
lake lago lago environment baliboong loan
laugh reír rir mental garlgarlb inheritance
leaf hoja folha environment jalying loan NGY
left/left hand izquierdo esquerdo location/body waroogoong inheritance
leg/foot pierna perna body yambalng inheritance
lie down acostarse, echarse deitar motion yoog inheritance
lightning rayo, relámpago relampago environment jimilwiring inheritance
live/be alive vivir viver, morar body mooling unique NJ
liver hígado figado body jiyab loan Jaminjung
long largo comprido, longo quality joorrgooyile- inheritance
louse piollo, piojo piolho fauna yalalang unique NJ
lung pulmón pulmão body jawarrgang loan Jaminjung
man/male hombre homem human jiwoogeng inheritance
meat/flesh carne carne fauna ngardin inheritance
moon luna lua environment garngeng inheritance
mother madre, mamá mãe kinship ngarrang loan Ngarinyin
mouth boca boca body theberndang inheritance
name nombre nome human yinginy inheritance
nape base del cuello, nuca nuca body dooweng unique NJ
near/close cerca de perto quality thangan unique
neck cuello pescoço body jirdoowing unique NJ
new nuevo novo quality gelengeng inheritance
night noche noite time merdbem unique
no/not no não grammar ngoowa inheritance
nose nariz nariz body nyoomboorrng inheritance
old viejo velho quality gerlilebgi- unique
one uno um number jerrawiyang inheritance
open/uncover abrir abrir other beng unique
other otro outro grammar jerrawoo inheritance
pain/painful/sick dolor, doloroso, enfermo dor, doloroso, doente body warrebeng inheritance
person/human being persona pessoa human jiwoogeng inheritance
pound/beat machacar, golpear bater impact dilybe unique
rain lluvia chuva environment jileloorng unique
red rojo vermelho colour ngenhengbe- inheritance
right/right hand derecha direita location/body dalgegany unique
road/path camino caminho manufacture banan inheritance
root raíz raiz flora lengkaleng loan Ngarinyin
rotten podrido podre quality bagoorlng unique
sand arena areia environment rerrabal inheritance
say decir dizer mental yirrg unique
scratch rascar rasgar impact yigarr unique
see ver ver mental derd unique NJ
sharp afilado, filudo, filoso afiado quality jalgoorrng unique NJ
shoot tirar, disparar, balear atirar impact thelpawoo inheritance
short corto curto quality nhenmoong unique
shoulder hombro ombro body labardeng inheritance
shy/ashamed tímido, vergonzoso timido, com vergonha mental jilpa inheritance
sit sentar(se) sentar state beloo unique
skin piel pele body therrawoo unique
sky cielo céu environment ngandongoorroong unique NJ
sleep dormir dormir body yoog unique
small pequeño pequeno quality woothoong unique NJ
smoke humo fumaça environment genginy inheritance
sniff/smell olfatear, oler cheirar body ngooyi unique NJ
spit escupir cuspir body thebag inheritance
split partir, dividir rachar, dividir, partir impact lag inheritance
squeeze estrujar, exprimir espremer impact X missing
stab/pierce apuñalar, acuchillar apunhalar impact loorrg unique NJ
stand estar de pié ficar em pé state bare unique NJ
star estrella estrela environment thamberralng unique NJ
steal robar roubar other thoowoorrb unique NJ
stick/wood palo pau, vara flora goolbeng inheritance
stone piedra pedra environment gerany inheritance
suck chupar chupar body joong inheritance
sweat sudar suor, suar body jirrileb unique NJ
swell hincharse inchar body lemboorr loan Ngarinyin
swim nadar nadar motion lilibbi unique
tail cola, rabo rabo body nyawang inheritance
that ese/esa esse grammar nganja inheritance
3pl ellos/ellas eles/elas grammar boorroo inheritance
thick grueso, gordo, espeso grosso quality X missing
thin delgado fino quality goolalng unique
think pensar pensar mental girr unique
this este/esta este grammar ngajani- inheritance
2sg xx xx grammar genyeng inheritance
three tres tres number merrgern inheritance
throat garganta garganta body ngerlthegang unique
throw tirar, lanzar atirar, jogar impact ngerr unique
thunder truenos trovão environment deroorr unique
tie up/fasten atar, amarrar amarrar impact derlmerd unique
tongue lengua lingua body thalalang inheritance
tooth diente dente body therrbiny inheritance
turn girar, volter, torcer virar other leberrg unique NJ
two dos dois number ganggoob unique NJ
vomit vomitar vomitar body yooroojbe unique
walk caminar, andar andar motion marreng inheritance
water agua agua environment gabeng unique
1pl.excl nosotros (exclusivo) nós (exclusivo) grammar giyarr inheritance
1pl.incl nosotros (inclusivo) nós (inclusivo) grammar giya inheritance
wet mojado molhado quality gejoong inheritance
what? que, qué que grammar garna inheritance
when? cuando quando grammar gawoothag inheritance
where? donde onde grammar gama unique NJ
white blanco branco colour bilgirri-mawoong unique
who? quien, quién quem grammar yangal inheritance
wife esposa esposa kinship mageny unique
wind viento vento environment goonkirring inheritance
wing ala asa body bardang unique NJ
woman/female mujer mulher human gabeleng inheritance
work trabajar trabalhar other X
yawn bostezar bocejar body thaberayi unique NJ
yellow amarillo amarelo colour goondalng inheritance
2pl ustedes vocês grammar genyegerr inheritance


Flora Fauna Vocabulary (136)
English Spanish Portuguese Semantic Field Part of Speech Linnean Name Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Etymology Notes Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Range of Term Word Structure Word Structure Notes Classifier Classifier Notes Hypernym Source Association with Social Categories Ritual/Mythologically Significant Ritual Notes Food Source Food Notes Medicinal Medicinal Notes How Collected Who Collects How Prepared Psychotropic Psychotropic Notes Traded Trade Notes Distribution Habitat Dangerous Ethnobiology Notes Species Notes General Notes
agile wallaby, river wallaby flora-fauna Macropus agilis warlbawoong warlpawoong inheritance warlpawu Jarragan also wunparrngeng underived 0 1 0 0 0 no
ant (generic) hormiga formiga flora-fauna Formicidae mejoong mejung unique underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
Australian pelican flora-fauna Pelecanus conspicillatus marri-marring marri-marring unique underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
Australian snubfin dolphin flora-fauna Orcaella heinsohnii missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
baler shell flora-fauna Melo amphora gelalang kelalang unique underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
bandicoot flora-fauna Peramelemorphia missing 0 0 0 0 0
barn owl flora-fauna Tyto alba riyirrng riyirrng boobook owl unique underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
barramundi flora-fauna Lates calcarifer jaliwang tyaliwang inheritance tyaliwa Jarragan Kija tayiwu also <*tyaliwV underived 1 1 0 0 0 no
bat murciélago morcego flora-fauna Chiroptera spp barnkalng parnkalng, inheritance parnkal Jarragan borrowed into Bu, Walm etc; also binytyirripiny WW %parnkal underived 0 1 0 0 0 no
bindii, caltrop flora-fauna Tribulus terrestris missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
bird pajaro, ave passaro flora-fauna jigeng tyikeng inheritance tyirike Jarragan WW als tyurlak WW %tyiriki underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
black-breasted buzzard flora-fauna Hamirostra melanosternon missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
black-faced cuckoo-shrike flora-fauna Coracina novaehollandiae missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
black-headed python flora-fauna Aspidites melanocephalus jijigang tyityikang python unique underived 0 2 0 0 0 no
black-soil yam flora-fauna Ipomoea diamantinensis missing missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
bloodwood flora-fauna Eucalyptus (Corymbia) bleeseri thelinyjeng thelinytyeng brittle range gum' E.aspera=desert bloodwood inheritance thelinytye Jarragan underived 0 1 1 0 0 no
blowfly maggots flora-fauna Diptera, Sarcophagidae missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
blue-tongue lizard flora-fauna Tiliqua species lemoogeng lemukeng inheritance lumuku Jarragan WW %luma underived 0 1 0 0 0 no
blue-winged kookaburra flora-fauna Dacelo leachii thelagoorroong thelakoorroong inheritance thelkakurrung Jarragan WW %tyalkururru underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
bluebone flora-fauna Choerodon cyanodus missing missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
brolga flora-fauna Grus rubicunda goorrandalng goorrandalng inheritance kurrantal Jarragan WW; also goorroodeng WW %kurrantal underived 1 0 0 0 0 no
brown goshawk flora-fauna Accipiter fasciatus missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
brush-tailed possum flora-fauna Trichosurus vulpecula gooman kuman unique underived 0 1 0 0 0 no
bush cockroach flora-fauna (many species) missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
bush stone-curlew flora-fauna Burhinus grallarius windoong wintung inheritance wirntiku Jarragan WW; loss of k unusual fro conservative Kaj WW %wintuku underived 1 0 0 0 0 no
bush tobacco flora-fauna Lobelia quadrangularis walayerrang walayerrang inheritance walayarra Jarragan unclear if bush or Eur tobacco WW %walayarra underived 0 0 0 1 0 no
bush turkey, Australian bustard flora-fauna Ardeotis australis jamood tyamut inheritance tyamut Jarragan no Jarr ending WW %tyamut underived 0 1 0 0 0 no
bush yam flora-fauna Vigna lanceolata var. lanceolata thelabeng thelapeng long yam. Dioscorea transversa unique underived 0 1 2 0 1 no
butterfly, moth mariposa borboleta flora-fauna Lepidoptera missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
carpet snake flora-fauna Morelia spilota missing missing python missing 0 1 0 0 0
caterpillar flora-fauna Lepidoptera missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
catfish flora-fauna (many species) jajan tyatyan inheritance tyatyan Jarragan underived 0 1 0 0 0 no
centipede ciempiés centopéia flora-fauna Chilopoda, Myriapoda birrgoolang pirrkurlang inheritance pirrkurla Jarragan underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
channel-billed cuckoo flora-fauna Scythops novaehollandiae goorrawoorreng kurrawurreng inheritance kurrakurra Jarragan unexpected lenition in Kaj not in Kija WW %kurrakurra reduplicated 0 0 0 0 0 no
crested pigeon flora-fauna Ocyphaps lophotes missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
darter/cormorant flora-fauna Anhinga melanogaster, Phalacrocorax species wangganbang, barrag-barrag wangkanpang, parrak-parrak unique underived 0 1 0 0 0 no
death adder, five-minute snake flora-fauna Acanthophis praelongus boonalgang punalkang unique underived 0 0 0 0 0 yes
dingo flora-fauna Canis familiaris dingo jimirrang tyimirrang inheritance tyimirra Jarragan underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
dog (camp, domestic) perro cachorro flora-fauna Canis familiaris joolang tyulang inheritance tyula Jarragan cf. Worrorran dela underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
duck pato pato, marreco flora-fauna Anatidae tyipeleng tyipeleng loan into protolanguage tyipiyluku Jarragan Mirndi Mirndi form kipilyuku earlier WW %tyipily underived 0 1 0 0 0 no
dugong flora-fauna Dugon dugong missing missing 1 1 0 0 0 no
earthworm flora-fauna Annelida, Oligochaeta missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
emu flora-fauna Dromaius novaehollandiae majoogoong majukung inheritance majuku Jarragan underived 2 1 2 0 0 no
fish (generic) pez peixe flora-fauna goondarring kuntarring inheritance kurntarri Jarragan also belegeggeng, jirrgelng underived 0 1 0 0 0 N/A
flower flora-fauna (NA) thawaleng thawaleng inheritance thawala Jarragan underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
blowfly/housefly mosca mosca flora-fauna Diptera boornoong purnung inheritance purnung Jarragan also goonama, ngoorriny loans underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
flying-fox (generic) flora-fauna (many species) jarinygoorlng tyarinykurlng inheritance jarinykeri Jarragan underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
freshwater crocodile flora-fauna Crocodylus johnstoni gawarroong kawarrung unique also therrmard underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
freshwater mussel flora-fauna Velesunio wilsoni missing missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
freshwater prawn flora-fauna Macrobrachium rosenbergii jilginy tyilkiny inheritance tyilkiny Jarragan WW %tyilkiny underived 0 1 0 0 0 no
frill-necked lizard flora-fauna Chlamydosaurus kingii gerdan gertan inheritance also wawooleng underived 0 1 0 0 0 no
frog (generic) flora-fauna (many species) bilthoon pilthun unique underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
galah flora-fauna Eolophus roseicapilla girrgalang inheritance 0 0 0 0 0
turtle (generic) flora-fauna (many species) moonggoong mungkung unique underived 0 1 0 0 0 no
ghost gum flora-fauna Eucalyptus papuana (Corymbia bella) warlarring warlarring (E.alba) inheritance Jarragan WW %walarri underived 2 0 1 0 0 no
goanna (generic) or sand goanna flora-fauna Varanus spp goording kurting inheritance kurti Jarragan also warlgarn underived 0 1 2 0 0 no
grass hierba, pasto capim, grama flora-fauna (NA) ramang ramang inheritance rama Jarragan underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
grasshopper flora-fauna Orthoptera bilbiljing, gerndilng, janjibeng, janyoongba pilpiltying inheritance pilpityi Jarragan also gerndilng, janjibeng, janyoongba reduplicated 0 0 0 0 0 no
great bowerbird flora-fauna Chlamydera nuchalis joowijgoornang tyuwitykurnang inheritance tyuwity+SUFF Jarragan underived 1 0 0 0 0 no
green ant flora-fauna Oecophylla smaragdina jiliwoorrbiny tyiliwurrpiny unique underived 0 2 2 0 0 no
green sea turtle flora-fauna Chelonia mydas boongoolng pungulng unique underived 1 1 0 0 0 no
green tree snake flora-fauna Dendrelaphis punctulata missing missing 0 2 0 0 0 no
head/body lice flora-fauna Pediculus capitis, Pediculus humanus doomoonkoong, doomoonkoony, wawiyang, yalalang tumunkung unique also doomoonkoony, wawiyang, yalalang underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
horse caballo cavalho flora-fauna Equus caballus yawardang yawardang loan Ngarinyin WW from SWA 'kangaroo' sp WW %yawarta underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
hummingbird colibrí, picaflor (Peru) beija-flor flora-fauna Trochilidae missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
humpback whale flora-fauna Megaptera novaeangliae missing missing 1 1 0 0 0 no
insect (generic) insecto insecto flora-fauna generic missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
jabiru flora-fauna Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus tharimageng unknown 0 0 0 0 0
jungle-fowl (scrub-fowl) flora-fauna Megapodius freycinet missing missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
kangaroo (generic) flora-fauna Macropodidae jiyirreng tyiyirreng inheritance tyiyirre also barawoong underived 2 1 0 0 0 no
land snail flora-fauna Gastropoda missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
magpie goose flora-fauna Anseranas semipalmata moonamang munamang inheritance munama Jarragan underived 0 1 0 0 0 no
military dragon flora-fauna Ctenophorus isolepis, Diporiphora spp., Lophognathus spp. missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
mosquito mosquito, zancudo mosquito, carapana flora-fauna Anopheles spp, Isoptera nyiwoony nyiwuny inheritance nyiwuny Jarragan underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
mud wasp, hornet flora-fauna (many species) merrembern merrempern large paper wasp unique underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
native bee flora-fauna (many species) nanggaleng nangkaleng nangkaleng nangkaleng nangkaleng nangkaleng nangkaleng nangkaleng nangkaleng nangkaleng nangkaleng nangkaleng nangkaleng nangkaleng nangkaleng nangkaleng nangkaleng nangkaleng nangkaleng nangkaleng nangkaleng nangkaleng nangkaleng nangkaleng na inheritance nangkale Jarragan ground honey; beeswax in different languages? Nang+kale WW %nangkale underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
native cat flora-fauna Dasyurus ngirrngiling ngirrngiling unique underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
northern brown bandicoot flora-fauna Isoodon macrourus goojin gootyin unique underived 0 1 0 0 0 no
northern kurrajong flora-fauna Brachychiton diversifolius nyinggiboogeng nyingkipukeng red-flowered kurrajong. unknown also nyingkipuweng (Mir) missing 0 1 no? 0 0 no
nut tree flora-fauna Terminalia grandifolia nyingkipuweng Brachychiton paradoxum. unknown nyingkipuweng given as bush peanut missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
octopus flora-fauna Octopus australis missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
pandanus palm flora-fauna Pandanus spiralis wiyinbeng wiyinpeng inheritance wiyinpeng Jarragan underived 1 1 0 0 1 no
paperbark flora-fauna Melaleuca sericea, Melaleuca stenostachya merndang merntang inheritance mernta Jarragan also ngalamberrng underived 0 0 1 0 0 no
peaceful dove flora-fauna Geopelia placida gooljarroong kulututuk inheritance kulututuk Jarragan also gooljarroong underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
pearlshell flora-fauna Pinctada spp jagooling tyakuling loan Worrorra WW %tyakuli underived 1 1 0 0 1 no
peewee flora-fauna Gryllina cyanoleuca missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
pied butcherbird flora-fauna Cracticus nigrogularis missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
pike eel flora-fauna Muraenesox arabicus missing missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
praying mantis, stick insects mantis religiosa louva-a-deus flora-fauna Mantodea missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
prickle bush flora-fauna Sclerolaena bicornis missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
quail (generic) flora-fauna Coturnix species, Turnix species jibijgoong tyipikung inheritance tyipike Jarragan underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
red river gum flora-fauna Eucalyptus camaldulensis dimalan timalan loan into protolanguage timalan Jarragan Western Mirndi Nungali ti+malan WW %timalan underived 2 0 1 0 1 no
red-tailed black-cockatoo flora-fauna Calyptorhynchus banksi derran terran inheritance terran Jarragan WW as luwarra, lawarra WW %leparre underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
riflefish, archerfish flora-fauna Toxotes chatareus lebarreng leparreng inheritance leparre Jarragan underived 0 1 0 0 0 no
river mangrove flora-fauna Aegicera corniculatum missing WW %leparre missing 0 0 2 0 1 no
rock fig flora-fauna Ficus brachypoda banggethang pangkethang inheritance pangkurn Jarragan underived also banggoon 0 1 0 0 0 no
sacred kingfisher flora-fauna Todiramphus sancta jigereng tyikereng inheritance tyikere Jarragan underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
saltwater crocodile flora-fauna Crocodylus porosus yalamboorrmang yalampurrmang loan Western Mirndi underived 2 2 0 0 0 yes
saltwater mussel flora-fauna Mytilidae missing missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
sawfish flora-fauna Pristis pectinata missing missing 1 0 0 0 0 yes
scorpion escorpión; alacran escorpião flora-fauna Arachnida, Scorpiones binkoojeng pinkutyeng inheritance pinkutye Jarragan underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
shark (generic) flora-fauna Selachimorpha missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 variable
shell (generic) flora-fauna gelalang kelalang loan Ngarinyin underived 0 1 0 0 1 no
short-beaked echidna flora-fauna Tachyglossus aculeatus galaminang kalaminang inheritance kalamina N.Jarragan underived 0 2 0 0 0 no
snake (generic) culebra, serpiente cobra flora-fauna nganjoowarrng nganjuwarrng semantic shift nganjuwarr N.Jarragan original meaning 'King Brown snake' underived 0 1 0 0 0 N/A
snappy gum flora-fauna Eucalyptus brevifolia missing missing 0 0 1 0 0 no
spider araña aranha flora-fauna Arachnida, Araneae mangatheng mangatheng inheritance mangkatheng Jarragan underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
spinifex flora-fauna Triodia species missing missing 0 0 2 0 0 no
spoonbills (yellow-billed spoonbill, black-billed spoonbill) flora-fauna Platalea flavipes, Platalea regia merrngoodoongoodoong merrngutungutung inheritance milngutungutu reduplicated 0 0 0 0 0 no
stingray (generic) rayas látigo, raya arraia flora-fauna Dasyatidae missing missing 0 1 0 0 0 variable
stripe-faced dunnart flora-fauna Sminthopsis macroura missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
sugarbag wax flora-fauna jinoog tyinuk inheritance cognate in Kija underived 1 1 0 0 0 no
sulphur-crested cockatoo flora-fauna Cacatua galerita ngalmarring ngalmarring inheritance ngalmarri Jarragan underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
swamp eel flora-fauna Ophisternon gutturale missing missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
swamp leech flora-fauna Annelida, Hirudinea missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
tawny frogmouth flora-fauna Podargus strigoides goorrgoorrging kurrkurrking inheritance kurrkurr-SUFF Jarragan SUFF -tyi in Kija, -ki in N. reduplicated 0 0 0 0 0 no
termite mounds, ant hills flora-fauna Isoptera jamernde tyamernte inheritance tyamernte Jarragan underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
termites, white-ants comején (Peru), termitas cupim flora-fauna (many species) missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
ti-tree flora-fauna Melaleuca bracteata missing WW %wankurri missing 0 0 1 0 0 no
tick garrapata carrapato flora-fauna Arachnida, Acarina belyiny pelyiny inheritance pelyilny Jarragan underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
tiger shark flora-fauna Galeocerdo cuvier missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 yes
torresian crow flora-fauna Corvus orru wanggerdeng wangkerteng inheritance wangkarn Jarragan underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
tree árbol arvore flora-fauna (NA) goolbeng kulpeng inheritance kulpe Jarragan underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
waterlily flora-fauna Nymphaea macrosperma garrjang, geloowoorrng karrtyang inheritance karrtya Jarragan also geloowoorrng underived 0 1 2 0 0 no
wattle flora-fauna Acacia difficilis boolngoowoon pulnguwun inheritance pulnguwun Jarragan also wilid, wirriling underived 0 0 1 0 1 no
wedge-tailed eagle flora-fauna Aquila audax diwanang diwanang loan Western Mirndi WW %warrana underived 1 0 0 0 0 no
willie wagtail flora-fauna Rhipidura leucophrys missing missing 1 0 0 0 0 no
witchetty grub flora-fauna (many species) missing missing 0 1 2 0 0 no
woma flora-fauna Aspidites ramsayii missing missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
ant (generic) hormiga formiga flora-fauna raging inheritance
bird pajaro, ave passaro flora-fauna jigeng inheritance
blowfly/housefly mosca mosca flora-fauna boornoong inheritance
dog (camp, domestic) perro cachorro flora-fauna joolang inheritance ?old loan from Worrorran
grass hierba, pasto capim, grama flora-fauna ramang unique NJ
snake (generic) culebra, serpiente cobra flora-fauna nganjoowarrng inheritance
spider araña aranha flora-fauna mangatheng inheritance


Cultural Vocabulary (112)
English Spanish Portuguese Semantic Field Part of Speech Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Etymology Notes Word Structure Word Structure Notes General Notes Source
afterworld, land of dead, Heaven tierra do los muertos terra dos mortos culture-mythology missing
armband dress missing also Miriwung
awl subsistence tool missing
axe/stone axe hacha (de piedra) machado (de pedra) subsistence tool parntan unique stone axe karlpang stone axe; generic lijberrg. Woonayang; Mir. lithpurrk generic
bag (string) culture-material tupuluty unknown ?< marsupial pouch; also karlarr loan <Mir.
bait for fishing cebo, carnada para pescar, empate (Peru) isca subsistence tool missing live bait; Miriwung kerung
basket (general) canasta, canasto, cesta cesto culture-material missing
body feather decorations culture-mythology missing white paint mixed with soft feathers used in joonba dance white paint mixed with soft feathers used in joonba dance
boomerang/throwing stick (generic) subsistence tool puran unknown
boomerang (small) subsistence tool missing
bowl (coolamon) culture-material lampung inheritance also lanting; lampung also in Mir
broom escoba vassoura culture-material missing
canoe canoa canoa transport missing
cicatrice culture-mythology missing Mir. Kamerreng 'tribal scar' Mir. Kamerreng 'tribal scar'
clapsticks culture-mythology karnpij loan Gajirrabeng WW %karnpity also in Mir, loan into Jaminjung also in Mir, loan into Jaminjung
cook food food missing
cook in earth oven food missing
damper food missing
dance (generic) culture-mythology missing dance style
digging stick subsistence tool kaniny inheritance WW %kanany1
dipper (small coolamon) subsistence tool missing ?kuni
dream sueño, soñar sonho, sonhar culture-mythology missing
dreaming culture-mythology puwarratya loan Mudburra WW %puwarraty
drone pipe culture-mythology marlukparr unknown
fire drill subsistence tool tyingkiny loan direction unknown wilit firestick tree
fire-saw other missing
fireplace hogar lareira other missing charcoal, battery, beetle
firewood leña lenha other wutya inheritance fire, wood inseparable prefix
fish poison barbasco, matapez (Colombia) timbó subsistence tool kelerrnga unknown Strychnos lucida used for fish poison
fish (with fish-poison) pescar con barbasco, barbasquear pescar com timbó; tinguijar food missing
fish (with line) anzuelear, pescar con linea pescar (com linha) food missing
fish (with spear) food missing watyama fishing (in general) watyama fishing (in general)
fishing line cordel/cuerda p/ pescar, sedal, tanze linha de pesca subsistence tool ngerlam inheritance string
fishtrap (permanent) subsistence tool missing
fishtrap (woven) subsistence tool missing
flour (European) food missing
flour (bush) food missing from seeds collected by ants from seeds collected by ants
game animal caza, animal de caza caça, animal de caça food kuntyu inheritance
ghost (of dead person)/evil spirit espíritu malo, espíritu maligno, fantasma, demonio espirito culture-mythology marnten unknown also white man Miriwung jarinyin
glue subsistence tool missing beeswax, type of in Miriwung beeswax, type of in Miriwung
grave tumba, sepultura, sepulcro sepultura, sepulcro, cova culture-mythology missing
grog food kapeng semantic shift < water, inheritance < water, inheritance
hair belt dress warliwun inheritance cf.warli initiand? Miriwung kutang
headband dress karlampang loan direction unknown also pakiri, keremerr or opposite direction; also pakirring
healer curandero benzador, curandeiro, kumu (Tukano) culture-mythology paramanpeng derived WW %wultyang paraman 'magic'-HAVING derived borrowed into east as 'lightning man'
honey miel mel food koyin inheritance
house (European) other mayarung loan Walmajarri WW %mayaru from Karajarri
hunt cazar caçar food missing Miriwung tyuk Miriwung tyuk
initiation (circumcision) culture-mythology missing warling initiand warling initiand
initiation (circumcision) culture-mythology yiyityo unknown
knife cuchillo faca culture-material tyimirnti loan direction unknown Wardaman WW %tyiminti
loincloth taparrabos, guayuco, pampanilla tanga, tapa-sexo dress tungkululu unknown pubic covering
love song culture-mythology missing
mangrove raft transport missing
message stick culture-mythology missing
mortar mortero pilão subsistence tool japalawarna loan Nungali WW %palawan
nosepeg other kiyarla loan Gajirrabeng WW %kiyala also Miriwung;also kungkaleng = fire drill
paddle/oar remo remo transport missing
ochre culture-mythology liwin unknown red ochre yellow o. kuntalng yellow cf. jaminjung kuntarrng yellow pollen
paint body, body paint pintura corporal pintura corporal culture-mythology korrma unknown
pestle pilón, mano de mortero, mazo, moledor mão de pilão subsistence tool tyintyimung unique
pipe for tobacco pipa cachimbo other missing
public song cycle culture-mythology missing
red paint culture-mythology missing also Miriwung;murtung red o. mixed with fat
resin resina, brea, copal resina, brea, breu subsistence tool katyarrang inheritance WW %katyarrang spinifex resin; also tyatang; spinifex resin
salt sal sal food koyokin inheritance Miriwung karram
shelter (native) other missing shelter, screen cf, wirriny;nanytying humpy
song (generic) canción, canto canção culture-mythology wangkang loan Murrinh Patha
song (for entertainment) culture-mythology warrangkin unknown may be derived warrang 'sing'?
spear lanza lança subsistence tool ngone inheritance WW %ngone generic but short fighting in loans also Miriwung
spear (fighting) subsistence tool missing
spear (fishing) subsistence tool missing
spearthrower subsistence tool kuyangkin unknown from tree sp. from tree sp.
speartip subsistence tool tyimpilang loan direction unknown WW %tyimpila
string (from hair) culture-material missing Miriwung kutang
string (from vine) culture-material ngelang inheritance
sugar acculturation yalwang meaning shift <sand
tea food nalityang loan Mudburra also yarlarrk - leaf
tobacco (European) narcotics ngunytyung loan direction unknown WW %nguntyu
tobacco (native) narcotics malmalmaty loan direction unknown
spirit child culture-mythology yimerruk semantic shift <shadow;also ngatyayan
wax cera cera other katyarrang loan Gajirrabeng WW %katyarrang beeswax; also penekin beeswax
white paint culture-mythology missing
windbreak other missing
yandy (n) culture-material missing
school escuela escola acculturation missing
net subsistence tool kinali loan Jaru WW %kinali via 'mosquito.mosquito net
bottle botella garrafa acculturation missing
paper papel papel acculturation missing
corpse food missing
chicken gallina galinha acculturation missing
tree coffin culture-mythology karlang unknown
clothing ropa roupa culture-mythology missing Jaminjung clothers. rags' direction <earler meaning in Jam. Qv
skirt falda, saya, fustan, pollera saia culture-material missing
shoes zapatos sapatos dress missing
medicine narcotics missing
earth oven food tyerrin loan Jaminjung ?tyarriny
policeman polícia policía acculturation missing
cat gato gato acculturation kutyapi unknown also mapurn - also scar, stripe
gun arma, escopeta espingarda, fusil acculturation missing
hat sombero chapéu dress yipam semantic shift <head
boomerang (number 7) subsistence tool missing
thatch/roof crisneja palha, caraná culture-material X missing
rope/string mecate, cuerda, soga corda culture ngelang inheritance
bottom grinding stone manufacture barlawarn unique
digging stick subsistence tool ganiny inheritance
winnow aventar, tirar (sementes) joeirar manufacture X
top grinding stone metate, mano; piedra de moler metate, mano manufacture mandalng inheritance
boomerang/throwing stick (generic) subsistence tool galigeng loan WD?
spearthrower subsistence tool ngabeleng inheritance
spear lanza lança subsistence tool doowoon unique
house other mayaroong loan Marrngu


Ethnographic Information
Current Population (speakers) Former Population Estimate Subsistence Preference Density Sedentism Ecotome Marriage Pattern Notes Source
small HG low mobile unknown