Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

liver

Semantic Field
body
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
hígado
Meaning Portuguese
figado

Languages

Language Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Etymology Notes General Notes Source
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone nymyn inheritance
Cahuilla -nem'a inheritance S&H 1979
Central Sierra Miwok kyl:a- inheritance
Chemehuevi nywy/mp(i) inheritance
Chumash Barbareno 7al' inheritance Klar 1977:95
Chumash Cruzeno cal inheritance Klar 1977:95
Chumash Ineseno 7al' inheritance Klar 1977:95
Chumash Obispeno 7ala inheritance Klar 1977:95
Chumash Ventureno 7al inheritance Klar 1977:95
Cocopa cpuSu/, nycpuSu/ inheritance
Comanche nyymY inheritance
Cupeño -nema [nəmə] inheritance
Gabrielino ah-sahr inheritance CHM/MC241
Iipay 'Aa chepesii [tʃəpəˈsiˑ] inheritance
Kawaiisu nywy-bi inheritance
Kiliwa lphii unknown
Kitanemuk nymac inheritance
Lake Miwok ku/lla inheritance
Luiseño no:ma (possessed only) inheritance
Maidu ky/lla inheritance
Mojave chavuthii inheritance
Mutsun sire:sum “liver, heart” inheritance O77:331
Nisenan kylla inheritance
Northern Paiute nywy inheritance Thornes 03:165
Northern Sierra Miwok kyl:a- inheritance
Plains Miwok kyl:a-, ky:la- inheritance
Salinan A aacx (A), unknown
Salinan M acx unknown Mason 1918:126
Seri (Comcaac) iyas unknown
Serrano nym-yic inheritance
Southern Paiute nyngwy-N inheritance
Southern Sierra Miwok kyl:a- inheritance
Southern Ute nuupY inheritance
Tübatulabal nyyma-l inheritance
Tümpisa Shoshone nymy(ttsi) inheritance
Wappo kokh (also core, heart) inheritance
Washo d-ilek unknown K310
Western Mono ny/wy/ inheritance
Wintu kila inheritance
Yavapai chvthi/:, chwthi/: inheritance
Yokuts Palewyami dI/\p inheritance K 1963
Yokuts Yawdanchi tipH inheritance K07:238,G64
Yokuts Yowlumne tiph inheritance Golla 1964:63
Yuki ho: inheritance S&S 1984
Baniwa -xópana -ʃópana inheritance See Language page
Carijona ererɨ inheritance See Language page
Cubeo penibo pɛnibo loan Arawak See Language page
Dâw tuút tǔt unique See Language page
Desano ñehmeturi ñe ʔmeturi inheritance See Language page
Eñepa -y-inki- j-inki- unique See Language page
Hodï oteto unique See Language page
Waorani batæ̃ unique See Language page
Hup hɔ́ hɔ́ inheritance See Language page
Kakua mam-daʔ [liver/pit-cl.round] unique See Language page
Makushi yere (IDS) yere (IDS) inheritance See Language page
Nheengatu piá (also used for heart and stomach? piá (also used for heart and stomach? inheritance See Language page
Ninam amok (gom) amok (gom) inheritance See Language page
Nukak t∫alu2 unique See Language page
Maihiki nemebɨ ja nemebɨ xã inheritance See Language page
Pemon eereerɨpö (E1980); yere (M2000) ererɨpö (E1980) inheritance See Language page
Sanumá pili amugu, amokɨ (EM72) pili amugu, amokɨ (EM72) inheritance See Language page
Sikuani japa (1) inheritance See Language page
Tariana kalétana kalétana unique See Language page
Tukano ñe'meturí ñe'meturí inheritance E-W Tuk See Language page
Kotiria ñahma sahwaro (Waltz) jahma sahwaɾo (Waltz) inheritance E-W Tuk See Language page
Yanomam amok (EM72) amok inheritance See Language page
Yanomami pei ãmoku, amokɨ (EM72) pei ãmoku, amokɨ (EM72) inheritance See Language page
Yukuna panaji panahi inheritance doubtful loan Arawak > several Witoto languages See Language page
Yuhup hɔ̂ hɔ̂ inheritance See Language page
Arabana kadlhu inheritance
Bardi gawir kawir inheritance
Bunuba mirliy loan
Burarra -dumbulk unknown
Dhangu biḏila unknown
Dhuwal ŋalthiri loan
Dhuwala ngalthiri inheritance
Diyari kalhu inheritance
DiyariREU kalu inheritance
Djambarrpuyngu 2298 inheritance
Djapu ŋalthiri inheritance
Djinang miḏimiḏi unknown
Gajirrabeng jiyab loan Jaminjung
Gooniyandi mirli loan
Gupapuyngu ngalthiri inheritance
Gurindji malumpa loan Mudburra
Jabirr-Jabirr kabir kabir inheritance
Jaru miligi loan
Jawi allan alan inheritance
Karajarri 4222 unknown
Kija mirli- inheritance
Malyangapa thangka loan Thura-Yura
Mangala mirliki inheritance
Miriwung meling inheritance
Mithaka kalu inheritance
Mudburra jabarrka
Mudburra jabarrka loan
Ngamini kalu inheritance
Ngandi gu-dhiw inheritance
Ngarluma ngamarri
Ngumbarl kabir kabir inheritance
Nhirrpi parni unique
Nimanburru gabor, gawir kabor, kawir inheritance
Northern Mangarla mirliki
Northern Nyangumarta wanpa inheritance
Nyangumarta ralyu-ralyu inheritance
Nyikina yookoola yukula unknown
Nyulnyul gaabir kaabir inheritance
Paakantyi ḏaŋgunja
Pirriya [missing] missing
Pitta-Pitta kalu inheritance
Rirratjingu biḏila unknown
Ritharrngu ngalthirr loan
Walmajarri mirliki loan
Wangkayutyuru [missing] missing
Warrwa gawiri, gabir kawiri, kabir inheritance
Wubuy amarn unique
Yan-nhangu ŋalthiri inheritance
Yandruwandha kalu, ngarangara inheritance
Yarluyandi [missing] missing
Yawarrawarrka kadlu inheritance
Yawuru warnba XXngl loan from Karajarri warnba loan Karajarri
Achagua tʃáaliʃi tʃáaliʃi unique See Language page
Piapoco ubana ubana See Language page
Kabiyari úupana úupana See Language page
Yavitero hane hane See Language page
Wapishana -kʰɨˀbaa -kʰɨˀbaa inheritance Proto-Arawak See Language page
Wayuu ta-pana Same as 'leaf' 08.560. Appears to be related to the word of Taino origin, and the place-name 'Habana'. See Language page
Yine ho-pna *Piro-Apuriná form is *-'pana. See Language page
Ignaciano -'upana See Language page
Trinitario -'topono See Language page
Baure -e'pe-ṛ̌on -e'pe-ṛ̌on unknown See Language page
Waurá #NAME? #NAME? inheritance See Language page
Arutani ika ika See Language page
Sape mapi mapi See Language page
Cha'palaa 'ahpa; ['basu] See Language page
Bora íʔkwá-neé, mé-ʔkʷá-neé, -kʷá-neé(-ne) íʔkwá-nɛέ, mέ-ʔkʷá-nɛέ, -kʷá-nɛέ(-nɛ) inheritance See Language page
Muinane íga-no, íigá {his} íga-no, íigá {his} See Language page
Akawaio eeree ere inheritance Proto-Carib See Language page
Apalai ore ore inheritance See Language page
Wayana ele ele inheritance See Language page
Tiriyó ere ere inheritance See Language page
Makiritare chö:dedü (KH) tʃə:dedɨ inheritance See Language page
Mapoyo i'tere i'tere See Language page
Wai Wai oy-ere-rɨ oy-ere-rɨ inheritance See Language page
Yabarana je'reri See Language page
Yukpa ítore dʒi'wats̺uts̺o See Language page
Kalapalo silupe (same as 'heart') silupe (same as 'heart') semantic shift heart See Language page
Muisca tyhyba tɨhɨβa See Language page
Barí aabingba See Language page
Northern Emberá tháãrɨ (hígado), dadyi-thãrí (hígado de gente), phaká-thãrí (hígado de vaca), beegí-thˈãrí (hígado de venado), bidhóbe-thãrí (hígado de zaino) tháãrɨ, dadʒi-thãrí, phaká-thãrí, beːgí-thˈãrí, bidhóbe-thãrí See Language page
Epena 'tʰãri See Language page
Guayabero pa-háp-t, peh hap-t inheritance Proto-Guahiban See Language page
Macaguan pi-apat inheritance Proto-Guahiban See Language page
Cuiva pe-hápa-to hígado, liver Huber & Reed 1992:273
Cofán sansan sãsã phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS See Language page
Candoshi-Shapra shipich ʃipitʃ unique See Language page
Taushiro a´ju aʔxu See Language page
Páez meequi meeki See Language page
Tikuna naca [3-5, 5] naka unique See Language page
Urarina nahari nahaɽi unique See Language page
Camsa bekotʃká bekotʃká See Language page
Andoke #NAME? #NAME? unique See Language page
Pumé mã See Language page
Tinigua mãʔnzɨnã See Language page
Puinave -nam-'ot namʔot unique See Language page
Máku i:sa i:sa See Language page
Warao mahi mahi See Language page
Ashuar akáp akap See Language page
Huambisa akap akap See Language page
Aguaruna akáp akáp inheritance See Language page
Nadëb/Roçado dialect hoːh inheritance See Language page
Nadëb/Rio Negro dialect hoːh See Language page
Matses isese, tacua isese, takua unknown; inheritance/Tacanan See Language page
Kakataibo takʷa *Panoan *takʷa. See Language page
Katukina taka See Language page
Pacahuara 'taka See Language page
Shipibo-Konibo taka See Language page
Yaminahua taka See Language page
Chácobo taka taka inheritance/Tacanan See Language page
Yagua sucatyu sukãtju unique See Language page
Southern Pastaza Quechua shungu ʃungu See Language page
Ingá sungu sungu See Language page
Napo Lowland Quichua shungu, yana shungu ʃungu, jana ʃungu See Language page
Quechua Ayacuchano kipchan kiptʃan See Language page
Piaroa chatjiyä tʃɑthijæ unknown See Language page
Bará jẽbẽ-di'tí See Language page
Barasano ~jebe-reti-ro ~jebe-reti-ro See Language page
Carapana ñemeriti ɲɛmɛɾiti See Language page
Makuna ~jebe-reti-ro ~jebe-reti-ro inheritance See Language page
Yuruti jẽ'bẽ́tuti jẽ'bẽ́tuti See Language page
Waikhana jãʔ'bã saʔ'waro jãʔ'bã saʔ'waro See Language page
Siriano jẽʔ'bẽ́ jẽʔ'bẽ́ See Language page
Tanimuca kaʔ'sia kaʔ'sia unique See Language page
Tatuyo jẽbẽ-'rí'tí jẽbẽ-'rí'tí See Language page
Tuyuka yẽbẽ-di'ti jẽbẽ-diʔti See Language page
Waimaja ñɛ̃mɛ̃́ňĩ̀tʰì ɲɛ̃mɛ̃́rĩ̀tʰì See Language page
Koreguaje chemepʉ dʒemepʉ inheritance See Language page
Siona sˀeme-pˀɨ sˀeme-pˀɨ inheritance See Language page
Secoya seme sæmæ̃ See Language page
Karitiana kyry kɨɾɨ unknown See Language page
Kokama pɨna pɨna inheritance See Language page
Wayampi pɨa pɨa inheritance See Language page
Aché pɨaʔa inheritance See Language page
Chiriguano (če-)pɨa inheritance See Language page
Paraguayan Guaraní ᵐbɨʔa See Language page
Sirionó eya eya unique See Language page
Kamayurá pere pere unknown See Language page
Ocaina fahúúnxo ɸaʔɯ̃'ɯ̃'xo inheritance See Language page
Nɨpode Witoto banó-hï banó-hɯ See Language page
Minica Witoto báno.i {my} báno.i {my} See Language page
Murui Witoto bano.i bano.i inheritance See Language page
Iquito cúhuaaja (also used for heart) kúwaaha (also used for heart) inheritance See Language page
Záparo kawaha kawaha See Language page
Wari tarawanašiʔ (tarawan) tarawanaʃiʔ (tarawan) See Language page
Araona takʷa *Tacn form is *e-taka. See Language page
Ese Ejja e-kakʷa ~ e-takʷa inheritance/Panoan See Language page
Ese Ejja/Huarayo e-kakwa e-kakwa See Language page
Tacana e-takʷa See Language page
Cavineña e-takʷa e-takʷa inheritance/Panoan See Language page
Central Aymara k´iwcha kˀiwča See Language page
Cayuvava čaβe See Language page
Itonama uh-wanɨʔta See Language page
Kwazá eri eri See Language page
Mosetén-Chimané na'kač See Language page
Movima sonɗo sonɗo See Language page
Trumai (iau) aʔtsi; (ha) atsi (iau) aʔtsi; (ha) atsi unique See Language page
Kaingang tỹmẽ -tə̃mɛ̃; tɨ̃mɛ̃ See Language page
Canela ii-ko *Jê form is *ŋo. See Language page
Karajá maa See Language page
Djeoromitxi bä bǝ See Language page
Chipaya pʰaaxtš See Language page
Mocoví l-olamek See Language page
Pilagá le-lamek See Language page
Toba l-lamek See Language page
Lengua #NAME? See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité aphikhik; aihikhik See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet eŋhekhek See Language page
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay -to'nek See Language page
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja -kaxlek ~ -kyaxlek (m.) See Language page
Maca #NAME? See Language page
Nivaclé -akɔxɬɔk liver https://ids.clld.org/
Ayoreo abi'to See Language page
Mapudungun ke Ranquel form is vukuɲ ~ vukuiɲ. See Language page
Qawasqar atʰaḳ Bo records atʰaken for Central QWS. See Language page
Selknam ḳàʔyi See Language page
Tehuelche 'čˀew See Language page
Kanamarí -ma -ma fígado Magalhães 2018:352
Lokono bana bana liver Pet 1987:362
Kariña ore ore liver Courtz 2007:331