Hunter-Gatherer Language Database

Mithaka

Family: Pama-Nyungan
Region: Australia
ISO 639-3: no
Location: -25.14°, 139.60°
Notes
Features: Basic Vocabulary
Flora Fauna Vocabulary
Cultural Vocabulary
Ethnographic Information

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Data Sources: none

Basic Vocabulary (186)

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English	Spanish	Portuguese	Semantic Field	Part of Speech	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Etymology Notes	General Notes	Source

English	Spanish	Portuguese	Semantic Field	Orthographic Form	Etymology Code	Loan Source
1pl.excl	nosotros (exclusivo)	nós (exclusivo)	grammar	ngalyawaRa	semantic shift
1pl.incl	nosotros (inclusivo)	nós (inclusivo)	grammar	ngalyawaRa	semantic shift
1sg	yo	eu	grammar	nganyi	inheritance
2pl	ustedes	vocês	grammar	yura	inheritance
2sg	xx	xx	grammar	yini	inheritance
3pl	ellos/ellas	eles/elas	grammar	tana	inheritance
3sg	el/ella	ele/ela	grammar	nhanhi	inheritance
above	encima, arriba	acima	location	[missing]	missing
again	de nuevo, otra vez	de novo	grammar	[missing]	missing
all	todo	todos	other	[missing]	missing
and	y	e	grammar	[missing]	missing
ankle	tobillo	tornozelo	body	827	missing
armpit	axila, sobaco	axila	body	wakiRi	inheritance
ashamed	xx	xx	mental	[missing]	missing
ashes	xx	xx	environment	3192	inheritance
at	en, a	em, a	location	-la	inheritance
back	espalda	costas	body	2304	inheritance
bad	mal	mal	quality	tirra	inheritance
be alive	xx	xx	body	kuli	unique
belly	barriga	barriga	body	wopu	inheritance
below	abajo, debajo	abaixo	location	kaltyuRu	unique
big	grande	grande	quality	pirna	inheritance
bite	morder	morder	body	mataRi	inheritance
black	negro	preto	colour	tjimpa	inheritance
blood	sangre	sangue	body	kimba	semantic shift
blow	soplar	soprar	body	[missing]	missing
blunt	xx	xx	quality	ngaRamurnrdu	inheritance
bone	hueso	osso	body	kambu	inheritance
boomerang	xx	xx	manufacture	tjira	inheritance
breast	pecho, seno	peito	body	ngama	inheritance
breathe	respirar	respirar	body	[missing]	missing
burn	quemar	queimar	environment	[missing]	missing
chew	masticar, mascar	mastigar	body	[missing]	missing
child	niño, niña	criança	human	purla	unique
climb	subir	subir	motion	kati-	inheritance
cloud	nube	nuvem	environment	turnrditirri	inheritance
cold	frío	frio	quality	malt[h]i	inheritance
come	venir	vir	motion	thajinda	loan direction unknown
cook	cocinar	cozinhar	impact	kularni	loan	Yandruwandha?
count	contar	contar	mental	[missing]	missing
cry	llorar	chorar	mental	inki-	inheritance
cut	xx	xx	impact	dama	inheritance
die/be dead	morir	morrer	state	palindu	inheritance
dig	cavar	cavar	impact	[missing]	missing
dingo/wolf			fauna	pandiyapa	inheritance
dirty	sucio	sujo	quality	[missing]	missing
dream	soñar	sonhar	mental	[missing]	missing
drink	beber, tomar	beber	body	thapaji	inheritance
dry	seco	seco	quality	[missing]	missing
dust	polvo	poeira	environment	kunubutha	inheritance
ear	oreja	orelha	body	ngara	inheritance
earth/soil	tierra	terra	environment	pala	inheritance
eat	comer	comer	body	tunru	unique
egg	huevo	ovo	fauna	pampu	inheritance
eye	ojo	olho	body	mirlki	inheritance
faeces	heces, mierda, excremento, estiércol	fezes	body	kuna	inheritance
fall	caer	cair	motion	puri-	inheritance
far	lejos	longe	quality	yunrra	inheritance
fat/grease	grasa	gordura	body	nyilki	loan	Yalarnnga
father	padre, papá	pai	kinship	ngapri	inheritance
fear	miedo	medo	mental	kinyandu	unique
feather	pluma	pena	fauna	[missing]	missing
fire	fuego	fogo	environment	maka	inheritance
fish	xx	xx	fauna	kupi	doubtful loan	Pitta-Pitta
flow	fluir	fluir	motion	[missing]	missing
flower	flor	flor	environment	[missing]	missing
fly	volar	voar	motion	kundindyirri	unique
fog	niebla, neblina	nevoeira, bruma, neblina	environment	[missing]	missing
foot	pie	pé	body	tina	inheritance
fruit	fruta	fruta	flora	mangka	inheritance
good	bueno	bom	quality	patyi	inheritance
grow	crecer	crescer	state	[missing]	missing
hair (of head)	cabello	cabelo	body	[missing]	missing
hand	mano	mão	body	marda	inheritance
head	cabeza	cabeça	body	kungku	inheritance
hear	oír	ouvir	mental	pangginda	loan direction unknown
heavy	pesado	pesado	quality	ngarda	unique
hide	esconder	esconder	motion	[missing]	missing
hit	golpear, pegar	bater	impact	panrri	inheritance
hit (with hand)	xx	xx	impact	tirri(ri)	inheritance
hold	correr, asegurar, sostener	segurar	other	pardindadi	inheritance
how?	como	como	grammar	[missing]	missing
if	si	se	grammar	[missing]	missing
in/inside	dentro, adentro	dentro	location	[missing]	missing
intestines	intestinos	intestinos	body	[missing]	missing
itch	hormiguear, sentir comezón	coçar	body	[missing]	missing
kill	matar	matar	impact	panrrindadi	semantic shift
know/be knowledgeable	saber, conecer	saber, conhecer	mental	ngundindadi	unique
lake	lago	lago	environment	2889	missing
laugh	reír	rir	mental	kingki-	inheritance
leaf	hoja	folha	environment	[missing]	missing
left/left hand	izquierdo	esquerdo	location/body	[missing]	missing
leg/foot	pierna	perna	body	pirna	inheritance
lie down	acostarse, echarse	deitar	motion	[missing]	missing
lightning	rayo, relámpago	relampago	environment	wajinina	unique
liver	hígado	figado	body	kalu	inheritance
long	largo	comprido, longo	quality	pajirri	inheritance
louse	piollo, piojo	piolho	fauna	kata	inheritance
lung	pulmón	pulmão	body	muRali	inheritance
man/male	hombre	homem	human	tyiritayiri	unique
meat/flesh	carne	carne	fauna	ngatyandura	unique
moon	luna	lua	environment	nyangi	inheritance?
mother	madre, mamá	mãe	kinship	nganrri	inheritance
mouth	boca	boca	body	dira	inheritance
name	nombre	nome	human	[missing]	missing
nape	base del cuello, nuca	nuca	body	wakari	inheritance
near/close	cerca de	perto	quality	[missing]	missing
neck	cuello	pescoço	body	[missing]	missing
new	nuevo	novo	quality	[missing]	missing
night	noche	noite	time	[missing]	missing
no/not	no	não	grammar	wakala	unique
nose	nariz	nariz	body	mula	inheritance
old	viejo	velho	quality	mutyutyu	inheritance?
one	uno	um	number	kurnu	inheritance
open/uncover	abrir	abrir	other	[missing]	missing
other	otro	outro	grammar	[missing]	missing
person/human being	persona	pessoa	human	karna	inheritance
pimple	xx	xx	body	[missing]	missing
rain	lluvia	chuva	environment	ngurli	unique
red	rojo	vermelho	colour	tjirtiti	unique
right/right hand	derecha	direita	location/body	[missing]	missing
road/path	camino	caminho	manufacture	[missing]	missing
roof	xx	xx	manufacture	[missing]	missing
root	raíz	raiz	flora	[missing]	missing
rotten	podrido	podre	quality	thungka	inheritance
sand	arena	areia	environment	pala	inheritance
say	decir	dizer	mental	paRingandakuli	unique
scratch	rascar	rasgar	impact	[missing]	missing
see	ver	ver	mental	kalindaRi	unique
sharp	afilado, filudo, filoso	afiado	quality	[missing]	missing
shoot	tirar, disparar, balear	atirar	impact	[missing]	missing
short	corto	curto	quality	warnrda	inheritance
shoulder	hombro	ombro	body	pilpiri	inheritance
sick	xx	xx	body	wamiwami	unique
sit	sentar(se)	sentar	state	kuli	inheritance?
skin	piel	pele	body	dala	inheritance
sky	cielo	céu	environment	dikarra	loan direction unknown
sleep	dormir	dormir	body	parrinda	unique
small	pequeño	pequeno	quality	waka	inheritance
smell (tr/intr)	xx	xx	body	thungka	unique
smoke	humo	fumaça	environment	kutu	inheritance
spit	escupir	cuspir	body	ngalytya	inheritance
split	partir, dividir	rachar, dividir, partir	impact	[missing]	missing
squeeze	estrujar, exprimir	espremer	impact	[missing]	missing
stab/pierce	apuñalar, acuchillar	apunhalar	impact	[missing]	missing
stand	estar de pié	ficar em pé	state	tarrkija	unique
star	estrella	estrela	environment	tinggu	unique
steal	robar	roubar	other	[missing]	missing
stone	piedra	pedra	environment	marda	inheritance
suck	chupar	chupar	body	[missing]	missing
sun	sol	sol	time	warlka	loan	Pitta-Pitta
sweat	sudar	suor, suar	body	kangu	inheritance
swell	hincharse	inchar	body	[missing]	missing
swim	nadar	nadar	motion	[missing]	missing
tail	cola, rabo	rabo	body	nuRa	inheritance
that	ese/esa	esse	grammar	nakiti	inheritance
thick	grueso, gordo, espeso	grosso	quality	[missing]	missing
thin	delgado	fino	quality	[missing]	missing
think	pensar	pensar	mental	[missing]	missing
this	este/esta	este	grammar	nuniyi	unique
three	tres	tres	number	[missing]	missing
throat	garganta	garganta	body	irlka	unique
throw	tirar, lanzar	atirar, jogar	impact	[missing]	missing
thunder	truenos	trovão	environment	[missing]	missing
tie up/fasten	atar, amarrar	amarrar	impact	[missing]	missing
tongue	lengua	lingua	body	tharli	inheritance
tooth	diente	dente	body	mirlka	inheritance	or loan depending on view of where Mithaka is placed
true	xx	xx	quality	[missing]	missing
turn	girar, volter, torcer	virar	other	[missing]	missing
two	dos	dois	number	parkula	inheritance
vomit	vomitar	vomitar	body	[missing]	missing
walk	caminar, andar	andar	motion	[missing]	missing
water	agua	agua	environment	ngapa	inheritance
wet	mojado	molhado	quality	[missing]	missing
what?	que, qué	que	grammar	mina	inheritance
when?	cuando	quando	grammar	winytyala	unique
where?	donde	onde	grammar	wardali	inheritance
white	blanco	branco	colour	warruputha	inheritance
who?	quien, quién	quem	grammar	walu	unique
wife	esposa	esposa	kinship	niwa	inheritance
wind	viento	vento	environment	tjimu	unique
wing	ala	asa	body	[missing]	missing
woman/female	mujer	mulher	human	pulurlu	unique
work	trabajar	trabalhar	other	[missing]	missing
yawn	bostezar	bocejar	body	[missing]	missing
yellow	amarillo	amarelo	colour	[missing]	missing


1pl.excl
1pl.incl
1sg
2pl
2sg
3pl
3sg
above
again
all
and
ankle
armpit
ashamed
ashes
at
back
bad
be alive
belly
below
big
bite
black
blood
blow
blunt
bone
boomerang
breast
breathe
burn
chew
child
climb
cloud
cold
come
cook
count
cry
cut
die/be dead
dig
dingo/wolf
dirty
dream
drink
dry
dust
ear
earth/soil
eat
egg
eye
faeces
fall
far
fat/grease
father
fear
feather
fire
fish
flow
flower
fly
fog
foot
fruit
good
grow
hair (of head)
hand
head
hear
heavy
hide
hit
hit (with hand)
hold
how?
if
in/inside
intestines
itch
kill
know/be knowledgeable
lake
laugh
leaf
left/left hand
leg/foot
lie down
lightning
liver
long
louse
lung
man/male
meat/flesh
moon
mother
mouth
name
nape
near/close
neck
new
night
no/not
nose
old
one
open/uncover
other
person/human being
pimple
rain
red
right/right hand
road/path
roof
root
rotten
sand
say
scratch
see
sharp
shoot
short
shoulder
sick
sit
skin
sky
sleep
small
smell (tr/intr)
smoke
spit
split
squeeze
stab/pierce
stand
star
steal
stone
suck
sun
sweat
swell
swim
tail
that
thick
thin
think
this
three
throat
throw
thunder
tie up/fasten
tongue
tooth
true
turn
two
vomit
walk
water
wet
what?
when?
where?
white
who?
wife
wind
wing
woman/female
work
yawn
yellow

Showing 1 to 186 of 186 entries

Flora Fauna Vocabulary (9)

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English	Spanish	Portuguese	Semantic Field	Part of Speech	Linnean Name	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Etymology Notes	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Range of Term	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	Classifier	Classifier Notes	Hypernym	Source	Association with Social Categories	Ritual/Mythologically Significant	Ritual Notes	Food Source	Food Notes	Medicinal	Medicinal Notes	How Collected	Who Collects	How Prepared	Psychotropic	Psychotropic Notes	Traded	Trade Notes	Distribution	Habitat	Dangerous	Ethnobiology Notes	Species Notes	General Notes

English	Spanish	Portuguese	Semantic Field	Orthographic Form	Etymology Code
ant (generic)	hormiga	formiga	flora-fauna	t[h]itha	loan direction unknown
bird	pajaro, ave	passaro	flora-fauna	paja	inheritance
blowfly/housefly	mosca	mosca	flora-fauna	munggugu	unique
dog (camp, domestic)	perro	cachorro	flora-fauna	tirita	inheritance
grass	hierba, pasto	capim, grama	flora-fauna	kantha	inheritance
kangaroo (generic)			flora-fauna	tjukuru	inheritance
snake (generic)	culebra, serpiente	cobra	flora-fauna	pardi	inheritance?
spider	araña	aranha	flora-fauna	[missing]	missing
tree	árbol	arvore	flora-fauna	murra	unique

Showing 1 to 9 of 9 entries

Cultural Vocabulary (8)

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English	Spanish	Portuguese	Semantic Field	Part of Speech	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Etymology Notes	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	General Notes	Source

English	Spanish	Portuguese	Semantic Field	Orthographic Form	Etymology Code
bottom grinding stone			manufacture	[missing]	missing
digging stick			subsistence tool	[missing]	missing
house			other	wali	inheritance
rope/string	mecate, cuerda, soga	corda	culture	[missing]	missing
spear	lanza	lança	subsistence tool	winrra	inheritance
spearthrower			subsistence tool	wamaja	inheritance
top grinding stone	metate, mano; piedra de moler	metate, mano	manufacture	[missing]	missing
winnow	aventar, tirar (sementes)	joeirar	manufacture	[missing]	missing

Showing 1 to 8 of 8 entries

Ethnographic Information

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Current Population (speakers)	Former Population Estimate	Subsistence Preference	Density	Sedentism	Ecotome	Marriage Pattern	Notes	Source
	small	HG	low	mobile		yes

Showing 1 to 1 of 1 entries