Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

rotten

Semantic Field
quality
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
podrido
Meaning Portuguese
podre

Languages

Language Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Etymology Notes General Notes Source
Bankalachi Toloim tek'-nah 199 loan
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone pisi” pisi-ppyh “decayed, rotten, something rotten, pus, mold” inheritance
Cahuilla pis'ish (that which is rotten) inheritance S&H 1979
Chemehuevi piki/ V “to rot” inheritance
Chumash Barbareno topshok'in unknown Beeler 1978
Chumash Ineseno to-pHototon “to rot, fall apart” (to- diseased state) unknown A 362
Chumash Obispeno tspaLhani (of wood) unknown JPH
Chumash Ventureno tolmow unknown JPH
Cocopa shax “to be rotten” inheritance
Comanche papYsipY inheritance
Cupeño pisa'i-sh [pɪˈsaɁɪʃ] inheritance
Iipay 'Aa weshah [wəˈşaɰ̥] inheritance
Kawaiisu 7ataa-kwee-py loan direction unknown
Kiliwa sax (podrir) inheritance
Kitanemuk pishka7 inheritance
Lake Miwok ku/uh (of meat) unknown
Luiseño pisa/7a- “to rot” inheritance
Maidu t'y/npe (as animal matter) unknown
Mojave isah= inheritance
Mutsun pothenin “(it) rotted” inheritance O77:81, 211
Northern Paiute pihi “rotten, of meat” inheritance Thornes 03:298
Northern Sierra Miwok jepe-, inheritance
Plains Miwok puse:na- (food), inheritance
Salinan M missing missing
Seri (Comcaac) czimpxa unknown
Serrano apiSqa7i inheritance
Southern Sierra Miwok Toke-:muH- inheritance
Southern Ute piki “be rotten” inheritance
Tümpisa Shoshone pisi”, inheritance
Wappo k'u/pa loan direction unknown
Washo 7i/peshi loan J248
Western Mono pihi- inheritance
Wintu julel loan direction unknown
Yavapai t?e/li “spoiling” unknown
Yokuts Palewyami pawt/-kan/-nah inheritance CHM Berman 2002
Yuki loT'- unknown S&S 1984
Baniwa pa, mokóme pa, mokóme inheritance; unknown See Language page
Carijona ikətarɨ inheritance See Language page
Cubeo to rot: maume; pojeyʉ; ʉ̃roteyʉ maume; poxejɨ; ɨ̃rotejɨ inheritance See Language page
Dâw dox dɔx inheritance See Language page
Desano to rot: boa-ri boa-ɾi inheritance See Language page
Eñepa y-usuka-sa (IDS) j-usuka-sa (IDS) inheritance See Language page
Hodï wali-bu unique See Language page
Waorani yõbæ̃-ĩ unique See Language page
Hup d'ɔh- (v.) d'ɔh- (v.) inheritance See Language page
Kakua mǔp/mǒp unique See Language page
Makushi aa-kata-saʔ (IDS) aa-kata-saʔ (IDS) inheritance See Language page
Nheengatu uka uka inheritance See Language page
Ninam tare (EM72) taɾe inheritance See Language page
Nukak duiʔ4 unique See Language page
Maihiki pɨ̃ka-hĩ pɨ̃ka-hĩ inheritance See Language page
Pemon itekasak, ike (A1981); ikö (M2000) itekasak, ike (A1981) inheritance; inheritance See Language page
Resígaro amaa?kátshí amaaʔkátsʰí inheritance See Language page
Sanumá hote (EM72) hote inheritance See Language page
Sikuani tsabána(tuxu-tsáeba, 'oler a podrido' - 'to smell rotten') inheritance See Language page
Tariana í:peri í:peri unique See Language page
Tukano boa- boa- inheritance See Language page
Kotiria ba báa inheritance E Tuk See Language page
Yanomam tare (EM72) taɾe inheritance See Language page
Yanomami horepɨ, horepɨano hoɾepɨ, hoɾepɨano inheritance See Language page
Yukuna majani mahani inheritance? See Language page
Yuhup d'ɔ̌h d'ɔ̌h inheritance See Language page
Arabana murlu unique
Bardi biini biini inheritance
Bunuba muthura unknown
Burarra -gulol unknown
Dhangu barrpa(') inheritance
Dhuwal boḻuku
Dhuwala boḻuku unknown
Diyari thungka inheritance
DiyariREU [missing] missing
Djambarrpuyngu boḻuku unknown
Djapu [missing] missing
Djinang ḏuḻing unknown
Gajirrabeng bagoorlng unique
Gooniyandi thoowoorndoo unique
Gupapuyngu boḻuku unknown
Gurindji puka loan
Jabirr-Jabirr bi""n biin inheritance
Jaru buga inheritance
Karajarri pirniny inheritance
Kija nhuwul unique
Malyangapa thungka loan
Mangala bīninj inheritance
Miriwung bagoolng unique NJ
Mithaka thungka inheritance
Mudburra buka inheritance
Mudburra nungulyu unique
Ngamini thungka inheritance
Ngandi bagoolng unique
Ngarluma ngurlungurlu
Ngumbarl karrail <karrail> unique
Nhirrpi thungga inheritance
Nimanburru bi""n biin inheritance
Northern Mangarla [missing] missing
Northern Nyangumarta pirniny inheritance
Nyangumarta puka unknown
Nyikina janngu janngu unique
Nyulnyul bi""n biin inheritance
Paakantyi puka inheritance
Pirriya thungka inheritance
Pitta-Pitta kutya inheritance
Rirratjingu barrpa
Ritharrngu barrpa inheritance
Walmajarri mantu inheritance
Wangkayutyuru kuja inheritance
Warrwa mandungirany; maandu mandungirany; maandu unique
Wubuy nhuwul unique
Yan-nhangu ṉurrukayirri unknown
Yandruwandha kutawirri, thungga inheritance
Yarluyandi thungka inheritance
Yawarrawarrka thungwa inheritance
Yawuru bininy bininy inheritance
Achagua bádáiʒiú, iʒídui bádáiʒiú, iʒídui inheritance; unknown See Language page
Piapoco mùsumùsuìri mùsumùsuìri See Language page
Kabiyari matá matá See Language page
Yavitero méteji(ji) métehi(hi) See Language page
Wapishana dyɨpʰɨša-ʔu dyɨpʰɨša-ʔu unknown See Language page
Wayuu itt-ɨ-sɨ Also itt-ɨ-ši. See Language page
Paresi kaiyalahare kaijalahare unique See Language page
Ignaciano -muyu; -ka-muyu-ka See Language page
Trinitario #NAME? See Language page
Baure poshe; posok poshe; posok unique See Language page
Waurá ɨhɨ; ukuwa ɨhɨ; ukuwa unknown; doubtful loan Tupi-Guarani, cf. also Carib See Language page
Cha'palaa 'pete; 'peʔ-nu Respectively: modifier; verbal form. Cf. 'defecate' 04.660. *South Barbacoan form is *peteN. See Language page
Bora tʰóókʰï-ne, rááráá, čʰáxaaβé-né tʰóókʰɯ-nɛ, rááráá, čʰáxaaβέ-nέ inheritance See Language page
Muinane túúkɨ-no, núkúkuu-no túúkɨ-no, núkúkuu-no See Language page
Akawaio akmooda aʔmoda unique; inheritance See Language page
Akawaio/Ingariko dialect ikɤi ikɤi See Language page
Apalai nuriame nuriame unique See Language page
Wayana mata mata loan Arawak See Language page
Tiriyó ti-kɔta-e (rot) ti-kɔta-e inheritance See Language page
Makiritare čə̄tāhəɨ (IDS) čə̄tāhəɨ (IDS) inheritance See Language page
Mapoyo sokopaapë (fruit); tuhtuhke (wood/other) sokopaapɛ (fruit); tuhtuhke (wood/other) See Language page
Wai Wai t-mata-ši t-mata-ši loan Arawak See Language page
Yabarana tuhtuhta'sapo See Language page
Yukpa tekói, tikói, tikope, tueme See Language page
Barí ããnta Colombia: buxšurə. *Chibchan form is *'dũ. See Language page
Northern Emberá mĩŋgía númʉa mĩŋgía númʉa See Language page
Epena be'rau; pʰo'kʰee; mi'kʰia Respectively: 'rotten; rotten plant material or wood; rotten food'. See Language page
Guayabero xoep ('frutas podridas' - 'rotten fruit', sáˀla 'herida infectada' - infected wound, xasái 'carne podrida' - 'rotten meat' inheritance Proto-Guahiban See Language page
Macaguan tutsép inheritance Proto-Guahiban See Language page
Cuiva tsábana podrido, rotten Huber & Reed 1992:341
Playero tsabána See Language page
Cofán congomba koŋgomba phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS See Language page
Candoshi-Shapra kochaari kotʃaaɾi unique See Language page
Páez camp kamp See Language page
Tikuna ni2yi3xi3 (A58) nijiʔi unique See Language page
Urarina setï setʉ unique See Language page
Camsa xanguána xanguána See Language page
Andoke #NAME? #NAME? unique See Language page
Pumé tupuchjá See Language page
Puinave [-kai] (high tone) kai unique See Language page
Ashuar káuru kauru See Language page
Huambisa kauru kauru See Language page
Aguaruna kaujú, mámush kauxu, mamuʃ inheritance; unique See Language page
Nadëb/Roçado dialect ʔaʃa:ɟ, ʔaʃa:j unique See Language page
Matses pisen pisen inheritance See Language page
Kakataibo pisi See Language page
Katukina payo See Language page
Shipibo-Konibo payo-ti See Language page
Yaminahua payoko-mɨ-a See Language page
Chácobo βoaṣ̌a; pisi βoaṣ̌a; pisi doubtful loan; inheritance S. Arawak, cf. Baure poshe See Language page
Yagua purya (smells ~); puñu (~ corpse); -pu, -po (suff.) purja; puɲu; pu; po unique See Language page
Southern Pastaza Quechua ismu ismu See Language page
Ingá wabka wabka See Language page
Napo Lowland Quichua ismushca ismuʃka See Language page
Quechua Ayacuchano ismu ismu See Language page
Piaroa kuai'ca'a kuaiɁsaɁa unique See Language page
Sáliva bihlãchẽ biʔlãʧẽ unique See Language page
Bará boa See Language page
Barasano hogá-se hogá-se See Language page
Carapana bóá- bóá- See Language page
Makuna similar: joga-rise 'to rot' xoga-rise inheritance See Language page
Yuruti bóa- bóa- See Language page
Waikhana aʔ'ba- aʔ'ba- See Language page
Siriano bo'á- bo'á- See Language page
Tanimuca ra 'ba ri'ka ra 'ba ri'ka unique See Language page
Tatuyo bo'á- bo'á- See Language page
Tuyuka 'bóa 'bóa See Language page
Waimaja bo'á(-), bo'á-ro bo'á(-), bo'á-ro See Language page
Koreguaje vʉʉsomʉ vʉʉsomʉ unique See Language page
Siona pũʔka-hi pũʔka-hi inheritance See Language page
Secoya pocaji põ'kahi See Language page
Karitiana nãm nãm inheritance See Language page
Kokama pua pua inheritance See Language page
Wayampi nɛ̃ nɛ̃ inheritance See Language page
Aché mɨda unique See Language page
Chiriguano -h-ũu unknown See Language page
Paraguayan Guaraní ituǰu; tuǰu See Language page
Sirionó eai̯; ereĩ; emano; eroorẽ (emano refers to rotten rice or manioc; eroorẽ refers to rotten meat) eai̯; ereĩ; emano; eroorẽ unique See Language page
Kamayurá itsatsak, itsar~em (M2000) itsatsak, itsar~em (M2000) unknown See Language page
Ocaina dsoou (to rot; meat) dzooɯ unique See Language page
Nɨpode Witoto θabí-de, rḯpai-de θabí-dɛ, rɯ́pai-dɛ See Language page
Minica Witoto θabi-de, rḯɸai-de θabi-dɛ, rɯ́ɸai-dɛ See Language page
Murui Witoto θabi-de, rïɸai-de θabi-dɛ, rɯɸai-dɛ inheritance/Witoto See Language page
Iquito mucuúja (used for meat); puquícu (for things other than meat, like logs) mukuúha (used for meat); pukíku (for things other than meat, like logs) inheritance See Language page
Záparo mukaka mukaka See Language page
Wari šowuru ʃowuru See Language page
Araona iwi; oli; c̷oto Cf. 'nose' 04.230. *Tacn form is *iwi-. See Language page
Ese Ejja -ʔiwi; -tai inheritance See Language page
Ese Ejja/Huarayo kia-ʔiwi; e-ʔiwi (Girard 1971) kia-ʔiwi; e-ʔiwi See Language page
Tacana iwi-da-; horo-horo The latter refers to such things as wood or cloth. See Language page
Cavineña e-riri; iwina-ya; poc̷o; hakona-ya e-riri; iwina-ya; počo; hakona-ya inheritance See Language page
Central Aymara ñusata ɲusata See Language page
Cayuvava čuhu ~ čuuha; hɨ Also põnõ; poto; rikaβã. See Language page
Itonama woroʔtʸa See Language page
Kwazá ho- ho- See Language page
Mosetén-Chimané fo'koi 'Stinking'. See Language page
Movima ɗon̉-ra-ni ɗon̉-ra-ni See Language page
Trumai xeʔne xeʔne xeʔne xeʔne unique See Language page
Kaingang kòrèg kɔrɛŋ; kɔriŋrɛŋ; kunãɲ See Language page
Karajá irɔ See Language page
Djeoromitxi to, here to, here See Language page
Chipaya moxkči See Language page
Mocoví ni-čigaʔ See Language page
Pilagá ni-čiʔya See Language page
Toba n-čiga See Language page
Lengua #NAME? See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité antahapki See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet aktahapma; altektahapma; alkoŋnammaɬkaʔ See Language page
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay na'het See Language page
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja ifʷyesam See Language page
Maca ɬoḳˀoḳxiʔ See Language page
Nivaclé ɬok-xi rotten https://ids.clld.org/
Ayoreo tara'taa-i; tara'taa-ge 'It is r.' tara'taʔ. 'To be r.' pu'n̥ui; pu'n̥ua 04.441; verbal form is oo pu'n̥uik. See Language page
Mapudungun funa-n Ranquel form is vunan-. See Language page
Qawasqar aḳs-na From Ag. Cf. 'stinking' 15.260. Ag. records fkanoks-na; Gui records paskes. See Language page
Selknam wàčè, wal See Language page
Tehuelche 'posḳnk See Language page
Lokono boadonoan boadonoan rotten Pet 1987:369
Kariña tykota tɨkota rotten; spoiled Yamada 2010:816